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... developmental neural production, or does it involve distinct molecular and cellular processes? And are these processes conserved across mammalian species? To help answer these questions, Ed Lein and colleagues (p. 4633) have performed a detailed expression profiling analysis of the SGZ in adult mice ...
PDF
PDF

... developmental neural production, or does it involve distinct molecular and cellular processes? And are these processes conserved across mammalian species? To help answer these questions, Ed Lein and colleagues (p. 4633) have performed a detailed expression profiling analysis of the SGZ in adult mice ...
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... – If Rb gene is inactivated cells start acting as Stem Cells – This is a risky manipulation • Arf is another important tumor suppressing gene that if turned off regeneration is observed • Rb and Arf silencing was shown to result in muscle cell division and regeneration (Blau M, 2010) • The wound sit ...
OCR GCSE 21st Century Science Physics Module P5
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Chapter 18 - Regulation of Gene Expression - Bio-Guru

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Epigenetics in stem-cell differentiation

Embryonic stem cells are capable of self-renewing and differentiating to the desired fate depending on its position within the body. Stem cell homeostasis is maintained through epigenetic mechanisms that are highly dynamic in regulating the chromatin structure as well as specific gene transcription programs. Epigenetics has been used to refer to changes in gene expression, which are heritable through modifications not affecting the DNA sequence.The mammalian epigenome undergoes global remodeling during early stem cell development that requires commitment of cells to be restricted to the desired lineage. There has been multiple evidence suggesting that the maintenance of the lineage commitment of stem cells are controlled by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and regulation of ATP-dependent remolding of chromatin structure. Based on the histone code hypothesis, distinct covalent histone modifications can lead to functionally distinct chromatin structures that influence the fate of the cell.This regulation of chromatin through epigenetic modifications is a molecular mechanism that will determine whether the cell will continue to differentiate into the desired fate. A research study performed by Lee et al. examined the effects of epigenetic modifications on the chromatin structure and the modulation of these epigenetic markers during stem cell differentiation through in vitro differentiation of murine embryonic stem (ES) cells.
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