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3. Holmans P, Green EK, Pahwa JS, Ferreira MA, Purcell SM
3. Holmans P, Green EK, Pahwa JS, Ferreira MA, Purcell SM

... pathways described in KEGG, BioCarta, CGP, and Reactome of between 3.86 - 21.24%. For the databases listed above, the percentage of pathways with complete overlap (100%) was expected to be between 0.01-0.6%. The level of redundancy between each pair of pathways included in the present 27 pathways/g ...
The Role of Nuclear Receptor-FGF Pathways in
The Role of Nuclear Receptor-FGF Pathways in

... the intestinal bile acid binding protein (I-BABP), which transports them across the cells and releases them into the portal circulation to be carried back to the liver. Bile acid synthesis in hepatocytes, which is strongly stimulated by cholesterol feeding, is suppressed when their intracellular con ...
Transcriptional profiling of interleukin-2
Transcriptional profiling of interleukin-2

PCR-based Markers and Cut Flower Longevity in Carnation
PCR-based Markers and Cut Flower Longevity in Carnation

Plasmids and Rare Earth Elements from Wastewater
Plasmids and Rare Earth Elements from Wastewater

... A plasmid is an extrachromosomal, circular piece of DNA that usually has very specific and useful properties. Plasmids naturally exist as supercoiled molecules and are most commonly found as small circular, double-stranded DNA molecules in bacteria. Plasmids are considered replicons, capable of repl ...
Development of a DNA vaccine against chicken anemia virus by
Development of a DNA vaccine against chicken anemia virus by

... Vielitz and Landgraf [8] have developed a vaccine against CAV, which is based on non-attenuated virulent CAV propagated in chicken embryos. An attenuated live vaccine, developed by Steenhuisen et al. [9] is also commercially available. However, these vaccines cannot be used in chickens in lay and wi ...
Chapter 6 - whsbaumanbiology
Chapter 6 - whsbaumanbiology

... copies of each gene, one from each parent. – The two copies segregate during gamete formation. – The last two conclusions are called the law of segregation. ...
ATP
ATP

... • Carries anticodon to mRNA • Translates a codon of mRNA into an amino acid ...
Mutator Transposon in Maize and MULEs in the Plant Genome
Mutator Transposon in Maize and MULEs in the Plant Genome

... Mu insertions, especially germinally transmitted insertions [14]. Only two maize lines with active MuDR elements have been identified so far, but all maize lines carry MuDR elements derivatives, or homologous MuDR sequences (hMuDRs), whose coding sequences are 80%–99% identical to those of MuDR. Sur ...
Genetically modified soybean
Genetically modified soybean

... crops.” Since amino acids are directly used in the genetic formation of proteins and fatty acids, this makes the soybean invaluable in oil production. The food industry wanted both an increase in soy oil per soybean and an alteration in the types of oils the soybean produced. Tom E. Clemente, from t ...
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08_12_Quiz_Show

... FINAL ROUND Question ...
Genetic Characteristic of the Usual Form of the Polydactyl Gene in
Genetic Characteristic of the Usual Form of the Polydactyl Gene in

... homozygote, “Fd X Fd”, the Scottish Fold cat should only be mated to other breeds (British Shorthairs have been used for this purpose) or normal-eared cats which have been bred from Scottish Folds. The problem with the latter approach is that because this gene is an incomplete dominant, some Folds w ...
Evolutionary Origin of Recombination during Meiosis
Evolutionary Origin of Recombination during Meiosis

... that involve integration of exogenous DNA (i.e., conjugation and transduction), transformation—involving the uptake of exogenous DNA from the surrounding medium followed by integration—was probably the ancestral function. In the next section, we present evidence that RecA orthologs have a central ro ...


... The Flexi® Vector System(a,d,e) is a simple, yet powerful, directional cloning method for protein-coding sequences based on rare-cutting restriction enzymes (6). Flexi® advantages include rapid, efficient cloning, minimal appendage of extraneous amino acids, and high-fidelity transfer of protein-cod ...
投影片 1
投影片 1

... The source of follistatin in circulating blood plasma has yet to be determined, but due to its autocrine nature speculation suggests the endothelial cells lining all blood vessels, or the macrophages and monocytes also circulating within the whole blood, may be sources. ...
8 The Genetic Code
8 The Genetic Code

Chapter 18
Chapter 18

... • Humans have 46 chromosomes that are in 23 pairs within a cell’s nucleus – Pairs of chromosomes are called homologous chromosomes – Autosomes are the 22 pairs of chromosomes that control traits that do not relate to gender of an ...
change in `ploidy`
change in `ploidy`

... generations ...
in Power-Point Format
in Power-Point Format

... • RNA pol III transcribes a set of short genes • These have promoters that lie wholly within the genes • There are 3 types of these promoters ...
Engineering of robust synthetic gene networks with the help of
Engineering of robust synthetic gene networks with the help of

... models in laboratory conditions has very little effect; •  The effects of miRNAs are mostly seen during cell differentiation and development; •  It has been suggested that microRNAs may be necessary to fine-tune gene regulation thus providing robustness against perturbations. http://www.nature.com/n ...
Modulator of Diabetes and MetabolicSyndrome: Silent Proteins
Modulator of Diabetes and MetabolicSyndrome: Silent Proteins

... Therefore newer methods of assessing their structure and function are being developed. Bioinformatics tools are increasingly being used in this endeavour. This review provides an overview of bioinformatics and computational biological tools used in the characterization of such proteins. It is well k ...
The uSe of mAnnoSe SeleCTion SySTem foR gene
The uSe of mAnnoSe SeleCTion SySTem foR gene

... amplified by PCR from the transgenic samples. The sequence obtained was subjected to BLAST analysis against deposited sequences in the GenBank database (Figure 7). Based on PCR analaysis of pmi gene on transgenic tobacco leaf sampels, it could be suggested that around 75% of the transformed plants s ...
VTC4 Is a Bifunctional Enzyme That Affects
VTC4 Is a Bifunctional Enzyme That Affects

... peptide, an Xpress epitope, and an EK cleavage site (pAtIMPH). Overexpression of soluble VTC4 protein in Escherichia coli strain pREP4/BL21(DE3)* transformed with pAtIMPH was facilitated by the coexpression of GroES and GroEL. After cell lysis, the 6xHIS region of the protein bound to the Qiagen nic ...
MONOHYBRID CROSS
MONOHYBRID CROSS

... It is a kind of variation related to biodiversity, genetic variation, and adaptation Presence of more than one genetically distinct type in a single population Useful tools in genetic studies for linkage analysis, prenatal diagnosis, criminal cases and paternity ...
A Fine Physical Map of Arabidopsis thaliana Chromosome 5
A Fine Physical Map of Arabidopsis thaliana Chromosome 5

... Elmer-ABI, Foster City, CA). The primers designed from respectively. Since the identity of the overlapping regions the end sequences of positive clones were used to confirm among YAC clones was confirmed using PCR products the overlap between clones and also to select clones in amplified with the pr ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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