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Intro to grass flowers
Intro to grass flowers

... -Molecular Evolution of duplicate Genes(Current and future projects) Positive selection analysis Noncoding regulatory region analysis of SEP3 genes ...
Review-Qs-for-modern-genetics
Review-Qs-for-modern-genetics

... 1. The main enzyme involved in DNA replication is RNA polymerase. FALSE – DNA polymerase. 2. To determine the amino acid, look up the three base anticodon on the genetic dictionary FALSE – codon. 3. Ligase joins DNA fragments of the lagging strand. TRUE 4. DNA polymerase lengthens the new strands fr ...
3. Sequence preprocessing
3. Sequence preprocessing

... 2-bit example: 00 – A, 01 – C, 10 – G, 11 - T ...
CM - Overview of HL7V2 genetic report lite for LOINC Lab commitee
CM - Overview of HL7V2 genetic report lite for LOINC Lab commitee

... • Specifying a genetic variation requires: • 1) a reference sequence.- a large chunk of DNA to which the tested sample is compared. These are almost always recorded as IDs that link to a data base that provides access to the full sequence and attributes about it. The two major public sources of refe ...
“Ins and Outs” of Restrictions Enzymes
“Ins and Outs” of Restrictions Enzymes

... DNA Enzymology History • 1953: molecular structure of DNA described • 1955: DNA polymerase • 1966: DNA ligase • 1968: 1st sequence specific restriction nuclease identified (HindII) • mid 1970’s: companies began to search for more restriction nucleases ...
Biotechnology - Department of Plant Biology
Biotechnology - Department of Plant Biology

... chromosome of the bacterium E. coli has 4.7 million base pairs and thousands of genes, but a plasmid might have only 2,000 base pairs and 2 genes (see Fig. 19.3). This makes the plasmid more stable in a test tube and easier to analyze. Furthermore, bacterial cells can be induced to take up circular ...
Asexual Reproduction in Eukaryotes: Mitosis
Asexual Reproduction in Eukaryotes: Mitosis

... Parthenogenesis = egg develops into an adult without fertilization. Some forms of parthenogenesis produce diploid egg by mitotic division; others do it by meiotic division followed by restoration of diploidy by various means. All usually called asexual. ...
Elements of Cancer: Summary / interactive discussion
Elements of Cancer: Summary / interactive discussion

... – Small molecules eg glivec, iressa – Antibodies eg herceptin ...
Chapter 3 – Carbon Compounds in Cells
Chapter 3 – Carbon Compounds in Cells

... chain of C atoms in organic molecules Properties of Carbon: Can form 4 single covalent bonds C- skeletons may vary in length Skeletons may be branched Skeletons may form rings Skeletons may have double bonds Hydrocarbon: organic molecules only composed of carbon and hydrogen ...
The Arabinose Operon
The Arabinose Operon

... Operons Operons are groups of genes that function to produce proteins needed by the cell. There are two different kinds of genes in operons: Structural genes code for proteins needed for the normal operation of the cell. For example, they may be proteins needed for the breakdown of sugars. The struc ...
ARTICLE In Vitro Vol. 7 No. 4 The
ARTICLE In Vitro Vol. 7 No. 4 The

... EPICENTRE offers EZ::TN™ Transposon Tools kits and reagents designed to make almost any DNA sequencing project faster and easier using one of 3 basic strategies. ...
Nucleotides
Nucleotides

...  The source of the reducing equivalents for this purpose is thioredoxin—a peptide coenzyme of ribonucleotide reductase  Thioredoxin contains two cysteine residues separated by two amino acids in the peptide chain.  The two –SH groups of thioredoxin donate their H atoms to the enzyme, in the proce ...
Document
Document

... assays can be used to gain information about how a particular section of DNA drives gene expression in isolation from a chromosomal context. There are advantages and disadvantages associated with using transient analysis. The obvious disadvantage is that promoters do not always behave in the same fa ...
and ways to find them
and ways to find them

... Examine duplicate genes carefully. Tools that distinguish these can be used to find paralogs missed by traditional methods. ...
Genetics Test 2
Genetics Test 2

... 26) The genetic disorder trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is caused by what genetic event? NONDISJUNCTION 27) The gene for red/green colorblindness in humans is recessive and primarily affects males. It must be located on which chromosome? X ...
How is sex determined in insects?
How is sex determined in insects?

... Early observations that sex is associated with differences in chromosome constitution heralded the chromosomal theory of heredity. This year marks one hundred years since Thomas Hunt Morgan discovered a sex chromosome-linked mutation in Drosophila melanogaster which gave final proof to this theory. M ...
Nucleic acids - Haiku Learning
Nucleic acids - Haiku Learning

... (ไข่ เยีย่ วม้ า) – using pH to denature! ...
Todd Eckdahl - Davidson College
Todd Eckdahl - Davidson College

...  Controls for critical steps  Reliability and Reproducibility  Do Controls Make Sense?  Do Results Make Sense? ...
Albinism Powerpoint
Albinism Powerpoint

... have disorder and 2 copies of the “bad” gene Half Green/Half White= because this is a dominant disorder (rules of dominance), the person has the disease and only has one copy of the “bad” gene and one copy of the “healthy” gene. ...
Methylation
Methylation

... Uracil or Methylation Interference Assay. End labeled probe is modified at one site per molecule, and allowed to bind protein. Bound and unbound populations are separated, and strands are cleaved at the modified bases. Bases critical for protein binding will not appear as bands in the bound popula ...
Powerpoint document
Powerpoint document

... - Interaction between codon and anticodon need to be exact at first two positions. - The third interaction can be less restrictive, and can include non standard base-pairing. This hypothesis accounts for the degeneracy In the Genetic Code. ...
Lovering presentation
Lovering presentation

... A gene is a DNA segment that contributes to phenotype/function. In the absence of demonstrated function a gene may be characterized by sequence, transcription or homology. [White et al 1997] ...
linkage
linkage

...  This depends on the idea that the further the genes are apart, the more likely they are to break between alleles. The closer they are, the less likely they are to break between alleles. ...
Name __________________________________  Period _________________
Name __________________________________ Period _________________

... 4. What is crossing over? When does it occur? How does it contribute to genetic variation and thus ...
2 - Griffith-Avery-McLeod-McCarty SBI4U – Molecular Genetics Date
2 - Griffith-Avery-McLeod-McCarty SBI4U – Molecular Genetics Date

... English Army Doctor Wanted to make a ____________ against a bacteria named ___________________ ____________________, which caused a type of pneumonia Since the time of Pasteur, about 50 years before, vaccines had been made using ________________________________ which could be injected into patients ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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