Climate change: the ultimate `tragedy of the commons`? Jouni
... The dominant view among scholars and policy makers has been that climate change governance should be based on international agreements which involve most nations. Yet progress in international negotiations has been slow and the effectiveness of governance based on the United Nations Framework Conven ...
... The dominant view among scholars and policy makers has been that climate change governance should be based on international agreements which involve most nations. Yet progress in international negotiations has been slow and the effectiveness of governance based on the United Nations Framework Conven ...
DDW11 Warming - Open Evidence Archive
... 7/7/2007 (“Models trump measurements”, http://www.financialpost.com/story.html?id=433b593b-6637-4a42-970bbdef8947fa4e) "This is nonsense," says Tom V. Segalstad, head of the Geological Museum at the University of Oslo and formerly an expert reviewer with the same IPCC. He laments the paucity of geol ...
... 7/7/2007 (“Models trump measurements”, http://www.financialpost.com/story.html?id=433b593b-6637-4a42-970bbdef8947fa4e) "This is nonsense," says Tom V. Segalstad, head of the Geological Museum at the University of Oslo and formerly an expert reviewer with the same IPCC. He laments the paucity of geol ...
Forest Sinks and the Kyoto Protocol
... reduce emissions of GHGs. The Kyoto Protocol was in response to new scientific evidence suggesting the original emission reduction targets under the Convention would not be sufficient to achieve its objective and that tougher legally binding targets were required. The Kyoto Protocol: sets legally ...
... reduce emissions of GHGs. The Kyoto Protocol was in response to new scientific evidence suggesting the original emission reduction targets under the Convention would not be sufficient to achieve its objective and that tougher legally binding targets were required. The Kyoto Protocol: sets legally ...
Final review - UCLA: Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
... more H2O vapor, GHG (see Fig 6.5) Neelin, 2011. Climate Change and Climate Modeling, Cambridge UP ...
... more H2O vapor, GHG (see Fig 6.5) Neelin, 2011. Climate Change and Climate Modeling, Cambridge UP ...
...talking climate in public space The climate crisis and people`s
... The same process of land-grab marks the processes of both development and ‘alternatives’, as people in India discover each passing day. They already see their land taken away and destroyed for large hydel-projects, special economic zones, new monoculture tree plantations, and unsustainable industria ...
... The same process of land-grab marks the processes of both development and ‘alternatives’, as people in India discover each passing day. They already see their land taken away and destroyed for large hydel-projects, special economic zones, new monoculture tree plantations, and unsustainable industria ...
PDF
... discussion with U.S. experts of how and why it would be difficult to link different domestic emissions trading markets, the current process to establish a regional emissions trading program, and the evolving dynamics in the U.S. Senate. Looking forward, important lessons may be taken from past negot ...
... discussion with U.S. experts of how and why it would be difficult to link different domestic emissions trading markets, the current process to establish a regional emissions trading program, and the evolving dynamics in the U.S. Senate. Looking forward, important lessons may be taken from past negot ...
wrm bulletin # 37 - World Rainforest Movement
... a contribution to that end, we have focused this issue of th e WRM Bulletin entirely on this matter, of vital importance for the future of humanity as a whole. The solution to climate change -which is already happening and being suffered by millions of people around the world- is in theory quite sim ...
... a contribution to that end, we have focused this issue of th e WRM Bulletin entirely on this matter, of vital importance for the future of humanity as a whole. The solution to climate change -which is already happening and being suffered by millions of people around the world- is in theory quite sim ...
East Riding of Yorkshire Council Climate Change Strategy
... strategy will concentrate on the reduction of emissions of ‘greenhouse gasses’ (mentioned in 2.1) from the Council’s operations, as well as adapting the services the Council provides to cope with a changing climate. In most cases, this means the Council saves money and resources which are needed for ...
... strategy will concentrate on the reduction of emissions of ‘greenhouse gasses’ (mentioned in 2.1) from the Council’s operations, as well as adapting the services the Council provides to cope with a changing climate. In most cases, this means the Council saves money and resources which are needed for ...
20160718_request_submission_form_energy_efficiency_in_rac
... which the country is seeking support from the CTCN. Please only provide information directly relevant to this request, and that justifies the need for CTCN technical assistance.} Papua New Guinea (PNG) Climate Change and Development Authority (CCDA) is the mandated government Authority that is respo ...
... which the country is seeking support from the CTCN. Please only provide information directly relevant to this request, and that justifies the need for CTCN technical assistance.} Papua New Guinea (PNG) Climate Change and Development Authority (CCDA) is the mandated government Authority that is respo ...
Climate Change and Respiratory Health
... but what will happen next is unclear. Cities are likely to see ozone levels increase, even if background ozone decreases, while recent updates to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards will require a reduction in ground-level ozone by 2025.1 Ground-level ozone is also a greenhouse gas, so reduct ...
... but what will happen next is unclear. Cities are likely to see ozone levels increase, even if background ozone decreases, while recent updates to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards will require a reduction in ground-level ozone by 2025.1 Ground-level ozone is also a greenhouse gas, so reduct ...
DISCUSSION PAPER Climate Policy in the United States
... Japanese participants benefited from a frank discussion with U.S. experts of how and why it would be difficult to link different domestic emissions trading markets, the current process to establish a regional emissions trading program, and the evolving dynamics in the U.S. Senate. Looking forward, i ...
... Japanese participants benefited from a frank discussion with U.S. experts of how and why it would be difficult to link different domestic emissions trading markets, the current process to establish a regional emissions trading program, and the evolving dynamics in the U.S. Senate. Looking forward, i ...
Knock, Knock: Where is the Evidence for Dangerous Human
... climate reveals many instances of natural changes of a speed and magnitude that would be hazardous to human life and economic well being should they be revisited upon our planet today. Many of these changes are unpredictable, even in hindsight. That such natural changes will occur again in the futur ...
... climate reveals many instances of natural changes of a speed and magnitude that would be hazardous to human life and economic well being should they be revisited upon our planet today. Many of these changes are unpredictable, even in hindsight. That such natural changes will occur again in the futur ...
af`fidavit marc lee i - Office national de l`énergie
... fossil fuels, while campaigns are underway in many others across North America. The City of Vancouver is engaging the BC Investment Management Corporation (who manage the province's public sector pension funds) about how it is considering climate risk and carbon budgets in its investment portfolio. ...
... fossil fuels, while campaigns are underway in many others across North America. The City of Vancouver is engaging the BC Investment Management Corporation (who manage the province's public sector pension funds) about how it is considering climate risk and carbon budgets in its investment portfolio. ...
GHG Market Sentiment Survey 2015
... mechanism could stimulate private investment in green infrastructure while there was demand for the credits generated.” But have these markets delivered meaningful emissions reductions to date? The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) stimulated low-carbon investment in developing countries. There has ...
... mechanism could stimulate private investment in green infrastructure while there was demand for the credits generated.” But have these markets delivered meaningful emissions reductions to date? The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) stimulated low-carbon investment in developing countries. There has ...
The role of private investment in increasing climate friendly technologies in developing
... primary market is the relevant one for new investment flows. It is important to note that while there is rapid growth in the overall size of the carbon market, growth in the secondary market does not represent an increase in investment flows to developing countries. To increase these flows, clarity ...
... primary market is the relevant one for new investment flows. It is important to note that while there is rapid growth in the overall size of the carbon market, growth in the secondary market does not represent an increase in investment flows to developing countries. To increase these flows, clarity ...
Knock, Knock: Where is the Evidence for Dangerous Human
... climate reveals many instances of natural changes of a speed and magnitude that would be hazardous to human life and economic well being should they be revisited upon our planet today. Many of these changes are unpredictable, even in hindsight. That such natural changes will occur again in the futur ...
... climate reveals many instances of natural changes of a speed and magnitude that would be hazardous to human life and economic well being should they be revisited upon our planet today. Many of these changes are unpredictable, even in hindsight. That such natural changes will occur again in the futur ...
Low Emissions Diet
... and the extra emissions produced by adding various ingredients. Here we see that adding meat will increase greenhouse gas emissions by between 1.6 and 24 times. ...
... and the extra emissions produced by adding various ingredients. Here we see that adding meat will increase greenhouse gas emissions by between 1.6 and 24 times. ...
What Factors Determine Earth`s Climate?
... The energy that is not reflected back to space is absorbed by the Earth’s surface and atmosphere. This amount is approximately 240 Watts per square metre (W m–2). To balance the incoming energy, the Earth itself must radiate, on average, the same amount of energy back to space. The Earth does this b ...
... The energy that is not reflected back to space is absorbed by the Earth’s surface and atmosphere. This amount is approximately 240 Watts per square metre (W m–2). To balance the incoming energy, the Earth itself must radiate, on average, the same amount of energy back to space. The Earth does this b ...
Climate change, ocean processes and ocean iron fertilization
... ABSTRACT: Observations indicate that the rate of increase in concentration of atmospheric CO2 is increasing faster than projected in any of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emission scenarios. Several mitigation measures, referred to as ‘geoengineering options’, have been propose ...
... ABSTRACT: Observations indicate that the rate of increase in concentration of atmospheric CO2 is increasing faster than projected in any of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emission scenarios. Several mitigation measures, referred to as ‘geoengineering options’, have been propose ...
The greenhouse effect
... reaches the ground to either be scattered back into the atmosphere, or absorbed. Solids can absorb all frequencies of radiation, and convert them to infrared wavelengths. The heated ground can then emit infrared radiation back into the atmosphere, which then intercepts more of the energy on the wa ...
... reaches the ground to either be scattered back into the atmosphere, or absorbed. Solids can absorb all frequencies of radiation, and convert them to infrared wavelengths. The heated ground can then emit infrared radiation back into the atmosphere, which then intercepts more of the energy on the wa ...
The Green Arms Race: Reorienting the Discussions on Climate
... security mission is driving change within the Pentagon; this has the power to create steady demand for clean energy technology, a consistent force that has never before existed. Alas, money is also a potential critical shortfall. Shrinking federal budgets and world economies limping out of recession ...
... security mission is driving change within the Pentagon; this has the power to create steady demand for clean energy technology, a consistent force that has never before existed. Alas, money is also a potential critical shortfall. Shrinking federal budgets and world economies limping out of recession ...
Togo - unfccc
... Togo plans to adopt an approach based on contributions founded on both measures to be introduced and targeted results in order to better identify any opportunities for co-benefits in terms of reducing GHG emissions that might potentially be derived from synergies between adaptation and mitigation. T ...
... Togo plans to adopt an approach based on contributions founded on both measures to be introduced and targeted results in order to better identify any opportunities for co-benefits in terms of reducing GHG emissions that might potentially be derived from synergies between adaptation and mitigation. T ...
Rob Lawlor, The Absurdity of Economists` Sacrifice
... that there is a plentiful supply of things that we can consume but which don’t, themselves, contribute to our emissions. Even if we ignore the possible problem of compensation being inefficient, we can only compensate people if there are goods (or services) available to offer as compensation. And th ...
... that there is a plentiful supply of things that we can consume but which don’t, themselves, contribute to our emissions. Even if we ignore the possible problem of compensation being inefficient, we can only compensate people if there are goods (or services) available to offer as compensation. And th ...
Seychelles
... 5. Seychelles is about to embark on its Third National Communication to the UNFCCC, which will eventually produce updated findings with respect to climate change trends and projected impacts. For now, existing data from the Second National Communication must be used to guide planning for climate cha ...
... 5. Seychelles is about to embark on its Third National Communication to the UNFCCC, which will eventually produce updated findings with respect to climate change trends and projected impacts. For now, existing data from the Second National Communication must be used to guide planning for climate cha ...
Climate Commitments: Assessing the Options
... countries to act in certain ways, but does not require them to achieve any particular level of emissions or financial contribution. During the negotiation of the Kyoto Protocol, the European Union pushed for the inclusion of commitments related to policies and measures, but due to strong resistance ...
... countries to act in certain ways, but does not require them to achieve any particular level of emissions or financial contribution. During the negotiation of the Kyoto Protocol, the European Union pushed for the inclusion of commitments related to policies and measures, but due to strong resistance ...
Climate change mitigation
Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of long-term climate change. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human (anthropogenic) emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Mitigation may also be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, e.g., through reforestation. Mitigation policies can substantially reduce the risks associated with human-induced global warming.""Mitigation is a public good; climate change is a case of ‘the tragedy of the commons’""Effective climate change mitigation will not be achieved if each agent (individual, institution or country) acts independently in its own selfish interest, (See International Cooperation and Emissions Trading) suggesting the need for collective action. Some adaptation actions, on the other hand, have characteristics of a private good as benefits of actions may accrue more directly to the individuals, regions, or countries that undertake them, at least in the short term. Nevertheless, financing such adaptive activities remains an issue, particularly for poor individuals and countries.""Examples of mitigation include switching to low-carbon energy sources, such as renewable and nuclear energy, and expanding forests and other ""sinks"" to remove greater amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Energy efficiency may also play a role, for example, through improving the insulation of buildings. Another approach to climate change mitigation is climate engineering.Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The ultimate objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference of the climate system. Scientific analysis can provide information on the impacts of climate change, but deciding which impacts are dangerous requires value judgments.In 2010, Parties to the UNFCCC agreed that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level. This may be revised with a target of limiting global warming to below 1.5 °C relative to pre-industrial levels. The current trajectory of global greenhouse gas emissions does not appear to be consistent with limiting global warming to below 1.5 or 2 °C, relative to pre-industrial levels. Other mitigation policies have been proposed, some of which are more stringent or modest than the 2 °C limit.