Mitigation and adaptation performance measurement frameworks
... Trends in fuel economy by vehicle class intermediaries (commercial and passenger plus subclasses by heavy/light duty, weight, etc.) and energy source (e.g. hybrid and all-electric vehicles) Focuses on vehicles in the private, commercial and government fleets (not public transport or non-motorized tr ...
... Trends in fuel economy by vehicle class intermediaries (commercial and passenger plus subclasses by heavy/light duty, weight, etc.) and energy source (e.g. hybrid and all-electric vehicles) Focuses on vehicles in the private, commercial and government fleets (not public transport or non-motorized tr ...
Ch 18 Global Climate Change
... • There is a link between hurricanes and global warming • Warmer oceans create humid air, leading to hurricanes ...
... • There is a link between hurricanes and global warming • Warmer oceans create humid air, leading to hurricanes ...
18_Lecture_Presentation
... • There is a link between hurricanes and global warming • Warmer oceans create humid air, leading to hurricanes ...
... • There is a link between hurricanes and global warming • Warmer oceans create humid air, leading to hurricanes ...
Energy Efficiency Resource Standard (EERS) for Retail Electricity
... source of industrial pollution, accounting for 37% of U.S. global warming gasses. 2 Energy consumption in buildings, including direct consumption of fossil fuels, accounts for nearly half of all of the nation’s GHG emissions.3 The emissions reduction potential from efficiency in these sectors is als ...
... source of industrial pollution, accounting for 37% of U.S. global warming gasses. 2 Energy consumption in buildings, including direct consumption of fossil fuels, accounts for nearly half of all of the nation’s GHG emissions.3 The emissions reduction potential from efficiency in these sectors is als ...
Implementing the carbon tax - Policy Advice Division
... their economies will see a growing competitive advantage over those countries that delay and need to act more abruptly. ...
... their economies will see a growing competitive advantage over those countries that delay and need to act more abruptly. ...
UNFCCC: UNITING ON CLIMATE
... its inevitable effects. These effects will be felt the most by those least responsible for them – people in developing countries. Since climate change is a global problem, it needs a global response that embraces the interests and needs of all countries. Since taking effect in 1994, the United Natio ...
... its inevitable effects. These effects will be felt the most by those least responsible for them – people in developing countries. Since climate change is a global problem, it needs a global response that embraces the interests and needs of all countries. Since taking effect in 1994, the United Natio ...
Methane pollution - National Wildlife Federation
... greenhouse gas, but, it is much more efficient at trapping heat than CO2.4 In fact, methane is 86 times stronger than carbon at trapping heat over 20 years; which means even a small amount of leakage can have a big effect on the climate.5 While methane emissions account for about 14% of total U.S. g ...
... greenhouse gas, but, it is much more efficient at trapping heat than CO2.4 In fact, methane is 86 times stronger than carbon at trapping heat over 20 years; which means even a small amount of leakage can have a big effect on the climate.5 While methane emissions account for about 14% of total U.S. g ...
PDF
... increasingly important as a driver of global environmental change associated with many potentially detrimental e¤ects. Despite serious attempts to obtain international cooperation in reducing the emissions of greenhouse gasses (GHGs), their concentration keeps increasing, suggesting that cooperation ...
... increasingly important as a driver of global environmental change associated with many potentially detrimental e¤ects. Despite serious attempts to obtain international cooperation in reducing the emissions of greenhouse gasses (GHGs), their concentration keeps increasing, suggesting that cooperation ...
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
... its inevitable effects. These effects will be felt the most by those least responsible for them – people in developing countries. Since climate change is a global problem, it needs a global response that embraces the interests and needs of all countries. Since taking effect in 1994, the United Natio ...
... its inevitable effects. These effects will be felt the most by those least responsible for them – people in developing countries. Since climate change is a global problem, it needs a global response that embraces the interests and needs of all countries. Since taking effect in 1994, the United Natio ...
Comment by: Patrick J. Michaels and Paul C. Knappenberger
... During the public comment period associated with new regulations such as this one which incorporate the SCC, a distinction should be made between domestic costs/benefits and foreign cost/benefits—and numerical calculations of each provided—such that the public can judge for itself the value of the r ...
... During the public comment period associated with new regulations such as this one which incorporate the SCC, a distinction should be made between domestic costs/benefits and foreign cost/benefits—and numerical calculations of each provided—such that the public can judge for itself the value of the r ...
The PAGE09 Integrated Assessment Model: A Technical Description
... In PAGE2002, the excess radiative forcing from greenhouse gases not explicitly modelled, and the emissions of sulphates that cause cooling, are input as single projections over time, which do not vary across abatement scenarios. In PAGE09 the excess forcing from gases not explicitly modelled, and ...
... In PAGE2002, the excess radiative forcing from greenhouse gases not explicitly modelled, and the emissions of sulphates that cause cooling, are input as single projections over time, which do not vary across abatement scenarios. In PAGE09 the excess forcing from gases not explicitly modelled, and ...
The carbon cycle in a changing climate
... The transfer of carbon between the atmosphere, the ocean, and plants and soils on land is a particularly important feedback for the climate. Some interactions between Earth’s climate and the carbon cycle occur on yearly time scales. Plants take in CO2 during the summer to produce leaves, wood, and o ...
... The transfer of carbon between the atmosphere, the ocean, and plants and soils on land is a particularly important feedback for the climate. Some interactions between Earth’s climate and the carbon cycle occur on yearly time scales. Plants take in CO2 during the summer to produce leaves, wood, and o ...
2015-02-05-Zero-Carbon-Zero-Poverty-the-Climate-Justice-Way
... Human rights risks from Ambitious Mitigation A carbon phase-out rapid enough to keep warming likely to stay below 2°C will require extremely ambitious mitigation action in both rich and poor countries. The risks to human rights from mitigation activities are very real, and indeed some are already b ...
... Human rights risks from Ambitious Mitigation A carbon phase-out rapid enough to keep warming likely to stay below 2°C will require extremely ambitious mitigation action in both rich and poor countries. The risks to human rights from mitigation activities are very real, and indeed some are already b ...
Arranging deck chairs on the Titanic
... The notion of global warming caused by human activity was first promulgated in 1938 by engineer and inventor GS Callendar. 1 The human activity which most contributes to global warming is the burning of fossil fuels, be it in the production of electricity and commodities or to generate the drive pow ...
... The notion of global warming caused by human activity was first promulgated in 1938 by engineer and inventor GS Callendar. 1 The human activity which most contributes to global warming is the burning of fossil fuels, be it in the production of electricity and commodities or to generate the drive pow ...
Chapter 10 - Graduate Institute of International and Development
... Under the FCCC, parties must inventory their existing greenhouse gas emissions and develop policies and measures to limit emissions and to conserve and enhance sinks (FCCC 1992, Article 4(1)). One of the main functions of the FCCC, at least initially, is to encourage and facilitate these national cl ...
... Under the FCCC, parties must inventory their existing greenhouse gas emissions and develop policies and measures to limit emissions and to conserve and enhance sinks (FCCC 1992, Article 4(1)). One of the main functions of the FCCC, at least initially, is to encourage and facilitate these national cl ...
Overcoming Obstacles to U.S.-China Cooperation on Climate Change
... limate change is an epic threat. Concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are higher than at any time in human history and rising sharply. Predicted consequences include sea-level rise, more severe storms, more intense droughts and floods, forest loss and the spread of tropical disease. ...
... limate change is an epic threat. Concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are higher than at any time in human history and rising sharply. Predicted consequences include sea-level rise, more severe storms, more intense droughts and floods, forest loss and the spread of tropical disease. ...
Evaluation of Climate Mitigation Potential for Yeniçağa Gölü (Bolu
... Change (IPCC), 2007). Even if the minimum predicted increase takes place, it will be larger than any century-long trend in the last 10,000 years (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2007). It is not only a threat to the biodiversity of the world but it is expected to cause other global ...
... Change (IPCC), 2007). Even if the minimum predicted increase takes place, it will be larger than any century-long trend in the last 10,000 years (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2007). It is not only a threat to the biodiversity of the world but it is expected to cause other global ...
estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from landfills: application to
... There are two life stages in a landfill, its operating stage, where municipal solid waste (MSW) is being disposed of, and its closed stage, where storage capacity is reached. Operating landfills emits more CH4 than closed landfills since the major part of degradation occurs in the first few years fo ...
... There are two life stages in a landfill, its operating stage, where municipal solid waste (MSW) is being disposed of, and its closed stage, where storage capacity is reached. Operating landfills emits more CH4 than closed landfills since the major part of degradation occurs in the first few years fo ...
NO REASON TO WAIT: REDUCING GREENHOUSE GAS
... levels by 2050 to stabilize atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations at 450 ppm CO2eq.13 The emissions reductions goals in ACESA fall short of these targets: viewed in the most favorable light, reductions are 23% below 1990 levels by 2020 and 77% below 1990 levels by 2050.14 Even if the bill were f ...
... levels by 2050 to stabilize atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations at 450 ppm CO2eq.13 The emissions reductions goals in ACESA fall short of these targets: viewed in the most favorable light, reductions are 23% below 1990 levels by 2020 and 77% below 1990 levels by 2050.14 Even if the bill were f ...
Accurate Answers to Professor Plimer`s 101 Climate Change
... This question is misleading as it confuses the concept of weather and climate. Short term weather changes (such as changes in daily temperature between the morning and afternoon) do not have a long term affect on the Earth’s climate system. In contrast, a long term climate change (such as the 0.8 de ...
... This question is misleading as it confuses the concept of weather and climate. Short term weather changes (such as changes in daily temperature between the morning and afternoon) do not have a long term affect on the Earth’s climate system. In contrast, a long term climate change (such as the 0.8 de ...
From the report accepted by Working Group I
... carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Projecting changes in climate due to changes in greenhouse gases 50 years from now is a very different and much more easily solved problem than forecasting weather patterns just weeks from now. To put it another way, long-term variations b ...
... carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Projecting changes in climate due to changes in greenhouse gases 50 years from now is a very different and much more easily solved problem than forecasting weather patterns just weeks from now. To put it another way, long-term variations b ...
Climate change mitigation
Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of long-term climate change. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human (anthropogenic) emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Mitigation may also be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, e.g., through reforestation. Mitigation policies can substantially reduce the risks associated with human-induced global warming.""Mitigation is a public good; climate change is a case of ‘the tragedy of the commons’""Effective climate change mitigation will not be achieved if each agent (individual, institution or country) acts independently in its own selfish interest, (See International Cooperation and Emissions Trading) suggesting the need for collective action. Some adaptation actions, on the other hand, have characteristics of a private good as benefits of actions may accrue more directly to the individuals, regions, or countries that undertake them, at least in the short term. Nevertheless, financing such adaptive activities remains an issue, particularly for poor individuals and countries.""Examples of mitigation include switching to low-carbon energy sources, such as renewable and nuclear energy, and expanding forests and other ""sinks"" to remove greater amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Energy efficiency may also play a role, for example, through improving the insulation of buildings. Another approach to climate change mitigation is climate engineering.Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The ultimate objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference of the climate system. Scientific analysis can provide information on the impacts of climate change, but deciding which impacts are dangerous requires value judgments.In 2010, Parties to the UNFCCC agreed that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level. This may be revised with a target of limiting global warming to below 1.5 °C relative to pre-industrial levels. The current trajectory of global greenhouse gas emissions does not appear to be consistent with limiting global warming to below 1.5 or 2 °C, relative to pre-industrial levels. Other mitigation policies have been proposed, some of which are more stringent or modest than the 2 °C limit.