Lipids as Tumoricidal Components of Human
... In a screen for suitable fatty acids cofactors, C18:1, cis-monounsaturated fatty acids were identified as optimal for HAMLET formation (26), suggesting that these fatty acids may share specific structural features required both for HAMLET formation and to engage targets involved in tumor cell death. ...
... In a screen for suitable fatty acids cofactors, C18:1, cis-monounsaturated fatty acids were identified as optimal for HAMLET formation (26), suggesting that these fatty acids may share specific structural features required both for HAMLET formation and to engage targets involved in tumor cell death. ...
Slide 1
... Cellular respiration occurs in three main stages Stage 2: The Kreb’s Cycle (citric acid cycle) – Location: mitochondrial matrix – Purpose: Breaks down pyruvate into CO2 and supplies ETC with electrons (via NADH, FADH2) – What Happens?: 2-C acetate combines with 4-C oxaloacetate forming 6-C citrat ...
... Cellular respiration occurs in three main stages Stage 2: The Kreb’s Cycle (citric acid cycle) – Location: mitochondrial matrix – Purpose: Breaks down pyruvate into CO2 and supplies ETC with electrons (via NADH, FADH2) – What Happens?: 2-C acetate combines with 4-C oxaloacetate forming 6-C citrat ...
Metabolomics - Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics
... with acetyl-CoA, consisting of 8 sequential linear irreversible (eg, citrate synthase and the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex) and reversible steps, ending with the regeneration of oxaloacetate (Figure 1A). These CAC steps are generally considered to take place predominantly in the mitochondria ...
... with acetyl-CoA, consisting of 8 sequential linear irreversible (eg, citrate synthase and the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex) and reversible steps, ending with the regeneration of oxaloacetate (Figure 1A). These CAC steps are generally considered to take place predominantly in the mitochondria ...
The Structure and Hydrolysis of ATP
... • Fats are digested to glycerol (used in glycolysis) and fatty acids (used in generating acetyl CoA) • Fatty acids are broken down by beta oxidation and yield acetyl CoA • An oxidized gram of fat produces more than twice as much ATP as an oxidized gram of carbohydrate ...
... • Fats are digested to glycerol (used in glycolysis) and fatty acids (used in generating acetyl CoA) • Fatty acids are broken down by beta oxidation and yield acetyl CoA • An oxidized gram of fat produces more than twice as much ATP as an oxidized gram of carbohydrate ...
6b How to ID an Unk organism
... particularly the coliforms, to determine if drinking water is contaminated with sewage. A coliform is a gram negative, aerobic or facultative anaerobic rod which produces gas from lactose within 48 hours. The presence of some coliforms indicates fecal contamination. Coliforms are only found in the G ...
... particularly the coliforms, to determine if drinking water is contaminated with sewage. A coliform is a gram negative, aerobic or facultative anaerobic rod which produces gas from lactose within 48 hours. The presence of some coliforms indicates fecal contamination. Coliforms are only found in the G ...
Amino Acids and Proteins
... of adjacent polypeptide chains running in opposite directions – each peptide bond is planar and has the s-trans conformation – the C=O and N-H groups of peptide bonds from adjacent chains point toward each other and are in the same plane so that hydrogen bonding is possible between them – all R- gro ...
... of adjacent polypeptide chains running in opposite directions – each peptide bond is planar and has the s-trans conformation – the C=O and N-H groups of peptide bonds from adjacent chains point toward each other and are in the same plane so that hydrogen bonding is possible between them – all R- gro ...
Fusobacterium pseudonecrophorurn Is a Synonym for Fusobacten
... reassociated in the presence of 20 pl of salmon sperm DNA resulted in background values which were always less than 10% of the values obtained when the preparations were reassociated in the presence of unlabeled reference DNA. The results shown (see Table 2) are means of two determinations in which ...
... reassociated in the presence of 20 pl of salmon sperm DNA resulted in background values which were always less than 10% of the values obtained when the preparations were reassociated in the presence of unlabeled reference DNA. The results shown (see Table 2) are means of two determinations in which ...
Purine nucleotide synthesis De novo
... The regulation of de novo pyrimidine synthesis CPS II is activated by PRPP and inhibited by UTP As cells approach the S-phase of the cell cycle CPS II becomes more sensitive to activation by PRPP and less sensitive? to inhibition by UTP phosphorylation of CPS II by MAP kinase at a specific site le ...
... The regulation of de novo pyrimidine synthesis CPS II is activated by PRPP and inhibited by UTP As cells approach the S-phase of the cell cycle CPS II becomes more sensitive to activation by PRPP and less sensitive? to inhibition by UTP phosphorylation of CPS II by MAP kinase at a specific site le ...
the relationship between calcium
... clarification of these problems. It is likely that a disturbance in steroid metabolism may have some bearing on the action of vitamin D and that there exists some relationship between such metabolic disturbance and the sensitivity or resistance of organisms to antirachitic vitamins. In Case 5 admini ...
... clarification of these problems. It is likely that a disturbance in steroid metabolism may have some bearing on the action of vitamin D and that there exists some relationship between such metabolic disturbance and the sensitivity or resistance of organisms to antirachitic vitamins. In Case 5 admini ...
INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM
... From these studies it was concluded that purines are synthesized de novo not as free purines but first as the nucleotide inosinic acid (hypoxanthine-ribose-5'-phosphate), which is then converted into the adenine and guanine nucleotides. ...
... From these studies it was concluded that purines are synthesized de novo not as free purines but first as the nucleotide inosinic acid (hypoxanthine-ribose-5'-phosphate), which is then converted into the adenine and guanine nucleotides. ...
Chapter 9
... Fats are digested to glycerol (used in glycolysis) and fatty acids (used in generating acetyl CoA) ...
... Fats are digested to glycerol (used in glycolysis) and fatty acids (used in generating acetyl CoA) ...
Enzymes Lab
... hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose. The enzyme is also known as invertase or sucrase, but these names are no longer used. The substrate sucrose is a non-reducing sugar, where as the products formed are both reducing sugar. Therefore the reaction can be followed by the estimation of the qu ...
... hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose. The enzyme is also known as invertase or sucrase, but these names are no longer used. The substrate sucrose is a non-reducing sugar, where as the products formed are both reducing sugar. Therefore the reaction can be followed by the estimation of the qu ...
Autotrophic carbon fixation in archaea
... In the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle, which was discovered about 50 years ago, CO2 reacts with the five-carbon sugar ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate to yield two carboxylic acids, 3-phosphoglycerate, from which the sugar is regenerated103. This cycle operates in plants, algae, cyanobacteria, some aerobic or ...
... In the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle, which was discovered about 50 years ago, CO2 reacts with the five-carbon sugar ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate to yield two carboxylic acids, 3-phosphoglycerate, from which the sugar is regenerated103. This cycle operates in plants, algae, cyanobacteria, some aerobic or ...
Autotrophic carbon fixation in archaea
... In the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle, which was discovered about 50 years ago, CO2 reacts with the five-carbon sugar ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate to yield two carboxylic acids, 3-phosphoglycerate, from which the sugar is regenerated103. This cycle operates in plants, algae, cyanobacteria, some aerobic or ...
... In the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle, which was discovered about 50 years ago, CO2 reacts with the five-carbon sugar ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate to yield two carboxylic acids, 3-phosphoglycerate, from which the sugar is regenerated103. This cycle operates in plants, algae, cyanobacteria, some aerobic or ...
Synthesis of higher alcohols during alcoholic fermentation of rye
... activated acetic acid (acetyl-CoA). Pyruvate, ketobutyrate and ketoisovalerate are keto acids that are further decarboxylated to higher alcohols. They are products of either transamination of corresponding amino acids or intermediates in their synthesis. The sequence of these reactions is shown in F ...
... activated acetic acid (acetyl-CoA). Pyruvate, ketobutyrate and ketoisovalerate are keto acids that are further decarboxylated to higher alcohols. They are products of either transamination of corresponding amino acids or intermediates in their synthesis. The sequence of these reactions is shown in F ...
Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body Temperature Regulation
... Proteins are important structural materials of the body, including, for example, keratin in skin, collagen and elastin in connective tissues, and muscle proteins. In addition, functional proteins such as enzymes and some hormones regulate an incredible variety of body functions. Whether amino acids ...
... Proteins are important structural materials of the body, including, for example, keratin in skin, collagen and elastin in connective tissues, and muscle proteins. In addition, functional proteins such as enzymes and some hormones regulate an incredible variety of body functions. Whether amino acids ...
Enzyme Hydrolyzed Collagen Protein
... total amino acid to be functional. To get the best-of-the-best protein powder, it requires a high-tech processing that allows the drying to occur with virtually no loss of the vital nutrients. As a result, the bovine collagen protein that is cold-processed contains the same nutrients (amino acids) a ...
... total amino acid to be functional. To get the best-of-the-best protein powder, it requires a high-tech processing that allows the drying to occur with virtually no loss of the vital nutrients. As a result, the bovine collagen protein that is cold-processed contains the same nutrients (amino acids) a ...
10-Urea cycle
... that undergoes rapid oxidative deamination Oxidative deamination of glutamate will ...
... that undergoes rapid oxidative deamination Oxidative deamination of glutamate will ...
Rumen Protected Fat
... Extension of the oesophagus from cardia to reticulo -omasal orifice Oesophagus groove closure~ Conditional reflex Stimulated by act of sucking or drinking Can occur in adult animals Use of copper sulphate Liquid to pass directly through esophageal groove into the abomasum ...
... Extension of the oesophagus from cardia to reticulo -omasal orifice Oesophagus groove closure~ Conditional reflex Stimulated by act of sucking or drinking Can occur in adult animals Use of copper sulphate Liquid to pass directly through esophageal groove into the abomasum ...
Chapter 16 solutions
... Glycolysis proceeds in the presence of arsenate, but the ATP normally formed in the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate into 3-phosphoglycerate is lost. Thus, arsenate uncouples oxidation and phosphorylation by forming a highly labile acyl arsenate. ...
... Glycolysis proceeds in the presence of arsenate, but the ATP normally formed in the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate into 3-phosphoglycerate is lost. Thus, arsenate uncouples oxidation and phosphorylation by forming a highly labile acyl arsenate. ...
Problems in Protein Biosynthesis - The Journal of General Physiology
... The growing polypeptide chain, which is bound to tRNA through its terminal carboxyl group, seems to be attached to the 50S subunit (28). This attachment is not known to require mRNA. The growth of the peptide chain starts with the amino terminal amino acid and continues stepwise, amino acid by amino ...
... The growing polypeptide chain, which is bound to tRNA through its terminal carboxyl group, seems to be attached to the 50S subunit (28). This attachment is not known to require mRNA. The growth of the peptide chain starts with the amino terminal amino acid and continues stepwise, amino acid by amino ...
irm_ch20
... rich in proline, and proline molecules do not fit well into regular -helices. 20.80 Hemoglobin has four polypeptide chains with each having a heme unit; myoglobin has one polypeptide chain with a heme unit. 20.81 Complete hydrolysis of a peptide under acidic conditions produces free amino acids. Th ...
... rich in proline, and proline molecules do not fit well into regular -helices. 20.80 Hemoglobin has four polypeptide chains with each having a heme unit; myoglobin has one polypeptide chain with a heme unit. 20.81 Complete hydrolysis of a peptide under acidic conditions produces free amino acids. Th ...
The Metabolism of the Amino Acids of Escherichia
... anaerobically engulfed Escherichia coli bacteria specifically labelled with individual 14C-aminoacids and incorporated the amino acids into protozoal protein without conversion to any other amino acid. The protozoal cisternae ‘pool’ and the medium contained the free amino acid and with some amino ac ...
... anaerobically engulfed Escherichia coli bacteria specifically labelled with individual 14C-aminoacids and incorporated the amino acids into protozoal protein without conversion to any other amino acid. The protozoal cisternae ‘pool’ and the medium contained the free amino acid and with some amino ac ...
Ch. 6 Textbook PowerPoint
... • In alcohol fermentation – NADH is oxidized to NAD+ while converting pyruvate to CO2 and ethanol ...
... • In alcohol fermentation – NADH is oxidized to NAD+ while converting pyruvate to CO2 and ethanol ...
cell respiration
... energy found in NADH and FADH2 to make more ATP. This involves the cristae. There are electron transport chains that are used. The electrons from the NADH and FADH2 are used to move on the electron transport chain. As the electrons move down the electron transport chain, H+ ions are pumped across th ...
... energy found in NADH and FADH2 to make more ATP. This involves the cristae. There are electron transport chains that are used. The electrons from the NADH and FADH2 are used to move on the electron transport chain. As the electrons move down the electron transport chain, H+ ions are pumped across th ...
Fatty acid synthesis
Fatty acid synthesis is the creation of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA precursors through action of enzymes called fatty acid synthases. It is an important part of the lipogenesis process, which – together with glycolysis – functions to create fats from blood sugar in living organisms.