ProteinPrediction
... Designed to compute fast but approximate alignments of protein structures based on secondary structure elements alone. The fundamental idea is to represent all secondary structure vectors from all target proteins in a large, highly redundant hash table. Each secondary structure vector from a given q ...
... Designed to compute fast but approximate alignments of protein structures based on secondary structure elements alone. The fundamental idea is to represent all secondary structure vectors from all target proteins in a large, highly redundant hash table. Each secondary structure vector from a given q ...
Foundations of Biology
... of a group of genes (i.e., heat shock proteins) A single gene may be regulated by a number of independent transcription factors (i.e., metallothionein) Eukaryotic regulation does not seem to involve repression To achieve high levels of expression, several different transcription factors binding to d ...
... of a group of genes (i.e., heat shock proteins) A single gene may be regulated by a number of independent transcription factors (i.e., metallothionein) Eukaryotic regulation does not seem to involve repression To achieve high levels of expression, several different transcription factors binding to d ...
fae04be7f127386
... GTPases form a family of proteins that are often involved when cells need to control complex processes. They all share the ability to hydrolyze the nucleotide GTP but otherwise differ in the processes they control and their mode of operation. We have already met one GTPase: the protein EF-tu, a comp ...
... GTPases form a family of proteins that are often involved when cells need to control complex processes. They all share the ability to hydrolyze the nucleotide GTP but otherwise differ in the processes they control and their mode of operation. We have already met one GTPase: the protein EF-tu, a comp ...
CH395 G Exam 3 Fall 2004 - Multiple Choice 1. Which of the
... The patient develops vomiting and diarrhea shortly after milk ingestion. A lactose tolerance test is administered. The patient ingests a standard amount of lactose, and the glucose and galactose concentrations in blood plasma are measured at intervals. In lactose-tolerant individuals the levels incr ...
... The patient develops vomiting and diarrhea shortly after milk ingestion. A lactose tolerance test is administered. The patient ingests a standard amount of lactose, and the glucose and galactose concentrations in blood plasma are measured at intervals. In lactose-tolerant individuals the levels incr ...
FYVE-Dependent Endosomal Targeting of an Arrestin
... signaling, desensitization and resensitization/recycling or degradation. Endocytosis is a major mechanism involved in the attenuation-resensitization process of several ligand-activated GPCRs. By binding to phosphorylated GPCRs, the b-arrestins not only block heterotrimeric G-protein dependent signa ...
... signaling, desensitization and resensitization/recycling or degradation. Endocytosis is a major mechanism involved in the attenuation-resensitization process of several ligand-activated GPCRs. By binding to phosphorylated GPCRs, the b-arrestins not only block heterotrimeric G-protein dependent signa ...
Specificity and complexity in bacterial quorum
... structurally similar and many QS species are capable of producing them, signal interference among non-cognate systems could lead to an unwanted, premature induction of the QS response. Thus, many QS bacteria have evolved their LuxR-type receptors with an exquisite specificity towards its cognate sig ...
... structurally similar and many QS species are capable of producing them, signal interference among non-cognate systems could lead to an unwanted, premature induction of the QS response. Thus, many QS bacteria have evolved their LuxR-type receptors with an exquisite specificity towards its cognate sig ...
Eukaryotic protein kinases and choline kinases share a common
... means to regulate almost every aspect of physiological activities including metabolism, transcription, DNA repair, cell growth and division, and apoptosis. Eukaryotic protein kinases (ePKs) comprise a broadly expanded family of proteins that feature a conserved catalytic domain. Within the catalytic ...
... means to regulate almost every aspect of physiological activities including metabolism, transcription, DNA repair, cell growth and division, and apoptosis. Eukaryotic protein kinases (ePKs) comprise a broadly expanded family of proteins that feature a conserved catalytic domain. Within the catalytic ...
Endocrine Notes - Mr. Mendez
... a. Endocrine- Slow acting, releases chemical messengers (Hormones) in one place that travel through blood to another organ (target cell) with unique receptors . ...
... a. Endocrine- Slow acting, releases chemical messengers (Hormones) in one place that travel through blood to another organ (target cell) with unique receptors . ...
CHAPTER 8 CELLS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT
... While most signal molecules originate within the body, some signals come from outside. For example, light has a great effect on the action of hormones in plants. The length of day determines when some plants flower. RECEIVING SIGNALS How do cells receive signals? A RECEPTOR PROTEIN binds only to si ...
... While most signal molecules originate within the body, some signals come from outside. For example, light has a great effect on the action of hormones in plants. The length of day determines when some plants flower. RECEIVING SIGNALS How do cells receive signals? A RECEPTOR PROTEIN binds only to si ...
Regulation of Transcription
... of a group of genes (i.e. heat shock proteins) A single gene may be regulated by a number of independent transcription factors (i.e. metallothionine) Eukaryotic regulation does not seem to involve repression To achieve high levels of expression, several different transcription factors binding to dif ...
... of a group of genes (i.e. heat shock proteins) A single gene may be regulated by a number of independent transcription factors (i.e. metallothionine) Eukaryotic regulation does not seem to involve repression To achieve high levels of expression, several different transcription factors binding to dif ...
![Microbiology(Hons)[Paper-IV] - Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandira](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017635075_1-cacd0a5e5aa4de554a7e55477a5947cd-300x300.png)
Microbiology(Hons)[Paper-IV] - Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandira
... b) “S. cerevisiae is a popular model organism in laboratory.” Explain why? c) How mating type switching occurs in S. cereisiae? Explain briefly mentioning the role of different proteins involved in this process. ...
... b) “S. cerevisiae is a popular model organism in laboratory.” Explain why? c) How mating type switching occurs in S. cereisiae? Explain briefly mentioning the role of different proteins involved in this process. ...
EXAM 2 Lecture 15 1. What are cofactors? A: They are small organic
... 8. All GAGs except what have hydroxyls substituted with sulfate? A: Hyaluronic acid 9. What allows sequences to have specific recognition functions? A: Multiple sulfation 10. GAGs attach to core proteins to form what? A: Proteoglycan 11. GAGs are linked to serine or threonine residues how? A: Glycos ...
... 8. All GAGs except what have hydroxyls substituted with sulfate? A: Hyaluronic acid 9. What allows sequences to have specific recognition functions? A: Multiple sulfation 10. GAGs attach to core proteins to form what? A: Proteoglycan 11. GAGs are linked to serine or threonine residues how? A: Glycos ...
Delamination of neural crest cells requires transient
... long been recognised as crucial for the generation of tissues and organs in both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, because EMT converts epithelial cells into migratory and invasive mesenchymal cells, it has also been established as an important step in the metastatic cascade of tumours (Nieto, ...
... long been recognised as crucial for the generation of tissues and organs in both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, because EMT converts epithelial cells into migratory and invasive mesenchymal cells, it has also been established as an important step in the metastatic cascade of tumours (Nieto, ...
Genes controlling expression of defense responses in
... least a third pathway for the transduction of R-gene signals [12••]. RPP13-mediated resistance does not require EDS1, PAD4, PBS2, or NDR1, is completely unaffected in an eds1 ndr1 double mutant, and is not blocked by nahG [13•]. RPP7 has not been cloned, but RPP8 and RPP13 are LZ-NBS-LRR proteins th ...
... least a third pathway for the transduction of R-gene signals [12••]. RPP13-mediated resistance does not require EDS1, PAD4, PBS2, or NDR1, is completely unaffected in an eds1 ndr1 double mutant, and is not blocked by nahG [13•]. RPP7 has not been cloned, but RPP8 and RPP13 are LZ-NBS-LRR proteins th ...
Functions and Mechanisms of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF
... Over 100 years of Drosophila research generated a wide range of genetic tools helping to understand the biological function of gene networks in a developmental context. Both, forward and reverse genetic approaches have been extensively applied in Drosophila FGF signalling studies. For example, aberr ...
... Over 100 years of Drosophila research generated a wide range of genetic tools helping to understand the biological function of gene networks in a developmental context. Both, forward and reverse genetic approaches have been extensively applied in Drosophila FGF signalling studies. For example, aberr ...
The immunological synapse: a focal point for endocytosis and
... The immunological synapse bears striking similarities not only to neurological synapses but also to other structures in which an area of the plasma membrane becomes a focal zone for endo cytosis and exocytosis, in particular during cilia formation and cytokinesis. Immunological synapses, sites of c ...
... The immunological synapse bears striking similarities not only to neurological synapses but also to other structures in which an area of the plasma membrane becomes a focal zone for endo cytosis and exocytosis, in particular during cilia formation and cytokinesis. Immunological synapses, sites of c ...
Transient transfection (Oprian, Molday et al. 1987) was carried with
... The GARP-2 protein was clearly stained blue with Stains-all (Figure 2); this suggests that this protein may be a calcium binding protein (CaBP). Most of the CaBPs have acidic motifs that binds Ca2+, such as calmodulin and calsequestrin (Campbell, MacLennan et al. 1983). CaBPs stain blue with Stains- ...
... The GARP-2 protein was clearly stained blue with Stains-all (Figure 2); this suggests that this protein may be a calcium binding protein (CaBP). Most of the CaBPs have acidic motifs that binds Ca2+, such as calmodulin and calsequestrin (Campbell, MacLennan et al. 1983). CaBPs stain blue with Stains- ...
Role of the ubiquitinselective CDC48UFD1/NPL4 chaperone
... (Mitchell and Martin, 1995). The yeast enzyme, OLE1 (D-9 fatty acid desaturase), speci®cally converts palmitoyl (16:0) and stearoyl (18:0) CoA to palmitoleic (16:1) and oleic (18:1) acids by the introduction of a single double bond between carbon 9 and carbon 10 of the respective carbon chains (Mitc ...
... (Mitchell and Martin, 1995). The yeast enzyme, OLE1 (D-9 fatty acid desaturase), speci®cally converts palmitoyl (16:0) and stearoyl (18:0) CoA to palmitoleic (16:1) and oleic (18:1) acids by the introduction of a single double bond between carbon 9 and carbon 10 of the respective carbon chains (Mitc ...
Cell Injury
... Reversible vs. Irreversible Injury Cell injury is a continuum, and it is not possible to identify the exact point at which injury becomes irreversible. However, some ultrastructural and light microscopic changes are associated with each form of injury. Once an irreversible injury occurs, the cell u ...
... Reversible vs. Irreversible Injury Cell injury is a continuum, and it is not possible to identify the exact point at which injury becomes irreversible. However, some ultrastructural and light microscopic changes are associated with each form of injury. Once an irreversible injury occurs, the cell u ...
Genetic encoding of the post-translational modification 2
... most commonly observed protein modifications are located at lysine side chains, such as methylation or acetylation. In these examples the charge state of a lysine side chain is altered, which in turn can give rise to changes in interactions with DNA and other biomolecules.1,2 This epigenetic control ...
... most commonly observed protein modifications are located at lysine side chains, such as methylation or acetylation. In these examples the charge state of a lysine side chain is altered, which in turn can give rise to changes in interactions with DNA and other biomolecules.1,2 This epigenetic control ...
G protein
... Many Seven-Membrane Spanning Receptors Act via G Proteins • A portion of an activated G protein binds a target protein, altering its activity • A class of receptors of great clinical importance is the opioid receptors, to which narcotic drugs such as morphine bind ...
... Many Seven-Membrane Spanning Receptors Act via G Proteins • A portion of an activated G protein binds a target protein, altering its activity • A class of receptors of great clinical importance is the opioid receptors, to which narcotic drugs such as morphine bind ...
A glucose-responsive transcription factor that regulates
... may regulate the activity of this protein. These data suggest that ChREBP is likely responsible for mediating carbohydrate induction of transcription of the LPK gene, and possibly other genes, in the liver and may influence long-term fat accumulation resulting from a high-carbohydrate diet. Material ...
... may regulate the activity of this protein. These data suggest that ChREBP is likely responsible for mediating carbohydrate induction of transcription of the LPK gene, and possibly other genes, in the liver and may influence long-term fat accumulation resulting from a high-carbohydrate diet. Material ...
4) Protein Evolution
... – Which Aa are important for function (conserved) • Quantify difference, count number of different Aa – Normalize to differences in 100 Aa • Note that evolutionary distance of modern forms to the earliest common forms are equal, the earliest forms thus continued to evolve and did not stand still ...
... – Which Aa are important for function (conserved) • Quantify difference, count number of different Aa – Normalize to differences in 100 Aa • Note that evolutionary distance of modern forms to the earliest common forms are equal, the earliest forms thus continued to evolve and did not stand still ...
Paracrine signalling
Paracrine signaling is a form of cell-cell communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behavior or differentiation of those cells. Signaling molecules known as paracrine factors diffuse over a relatively short distance (local action), as opposed to endocrine factors (hormones which travel considerably longer distances via the circulatory system), juxtacrine interactions, and autocrine signaling. Cells that produce paracrine factors secrete them into the immediate extracellular environment. Factors then travel to nearby cells in which the gradient of factor received determines the outcome. However, the exact distance that paracrine factors can travel is not certain.Although paracrine signaling elicits a diverse array of responses in the induced cells, most paracrine factors utilize a relatively streamlined set of receptors and pathways. In fact, different organs in the body -even between different species - are known to utilize a similar sets of paracrine factors in differential development. The highly conserved receptors and pathways can be organized into four major families based on similar structures: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, Hedgehog family, Wnt family, and TGF-β superfamily. Binding of a paracrine factor to its respective receptor initiates signal transduction cascades, eliciting different responses.