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Introduction to 3D-Structure Visualization and Homology Modeling
Introduction to 3D-Structure Visualization and Homology Modeling

PROTEIN-LIPID AND PROTEIN-CARBOHYDRATE INTERACTIONS
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Protein Interaction Mapping in C. elegans Using Proteins Involved in
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... defined specifications, and is therefore subject to stringent quality control (QC). In the cell something similar occurs — there are QC systems for practically every step that leads to the synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein molecules1–5. As a result, the number of accumulated errors in macromolecules ...
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S1. Comparison of complex functions in MCL-GO

... For each superfamily we determined the functional coherence of proteins containing a member of that superfamily and compared it to random groups of proteins of the same size as the superfamily. Functional coherence was calculated as the average GOSS score between each pair of proteins, either contai ...
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Cyclol



The cyclol hypothesis is the first structural model of a folded, globular protein. It was developed by Dorothy Wrinch in the late 1930s, and was based on three assumptions. Firstly, the hypothesis assumes that two peptide groups can be crosslinked by a cyclol reaction (Figure 1); these crosslinks are covalent analogs of non-covalent hydrogen bonds between peptide groups. These reactions have been observed in the ergopeptides and other compounds. Secondly, it assumes that, under some conditions, amino acids will naturally make the maximum possible number of cyclol crosslinks, resulting in cyclol molecules (Figure 2) and cyclol fabrics (Figure 3). These cyclol molecules and fabrics have never been observed. Finally, the hypothesis assumes that globular proteins have a tertiary structure corresponding to Platonic solids and semiregular polyhedra formed of cyclol fabrics with no free edges. Such ""closed cyclol"" molecules have not been observed either.Although later data demonstrated that this original model for the structure of globular proteins needed to be amended, several elements of the cyclol model were verified, such as the cyclol reaction itself and the hypothesis that hydrophobic interactions are chiefly responsible for protein folding. The cyclol hypothesis stimulated many scientists to research questions in protein structure and chemistry, and was a precursor of the more accurate models hypothesized for the DNA double helix and protein secondary structure. The proposal and testing of the cyclol model also provides an excellent illustration of empirical falsifiability acting as part of the scientific method.
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