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Alterations in oxidative phosphorylation complex proteins in the
... p38 might serve either protective or damaging roles, depending on conditions, such as the cellular and temporal context and differential activation of p38 isoforms. To begin to examine potential roles for p38 in the myocardium, we determined the effects of overexpressing an upstream activator of p38 ...
... p38 might serve either protective or damaging roles, depending on conditions, such as the cellular and temporal context and differential activation of p38 isoforms. To begin to examine potential roles for p38 in the myocardium, we determined the effects of overexpressing an upstream activator of p38 ...
Sequence elements of the fusion peptide of human respiratory
... the activity of other viral glycoproteins, at least in viruses with F as the only surface glycoprotein or in transfected cells expressing only F. The HRSV F protein is a type I glycoprotein that is synthesized as an inactive precursor (F0) of 574 amino acids. This precursor is cleaved by furin-like ...
... the activity of other viral glycoproteins, at least in viruses with F as the only surface glycoprotein or in transfected cells expressing only F. The HRSV F protein is a type I glycoprotein that is synthesized as an inactive precursor (F0) of 574 amino acids. This precursor is cleaved by furin-like ...
Advances in affinity purification mass spectrometry of
... but cannot rebind, under these conditions the half-life of the pair is given by 1/2 = ln2 / Kd × Kass [25]. We see that under typical conditions used for affinity isolation of tagged proteins and their partners [30], where the time taken for purification is usually >2 h, we can only expect to prese ...
... but cannot rebind, under these conditions the half-life of the pair is given by 1/2 = ln2 / Kd × Kass [25]. We see that under typical conditions used for affinity isolation of tagged proteins and their partners [30], where the time taken for purification is usually >2 h, we can only expect to prese ...
Molecular mechanisms of Salmonella invasion
... shown that it plays an essential role in bacterial uptake [53]. Like other members of the PulD family (e.g. pIV protein of filamentous phages), InvG may be a multimeric protein that forms an outer membrane channel, which may serve as a pore for the passage of secreted proteins [57, 74]. PrgH and Prg ...
... shown that it plays an essential role in bacterial uptake [53]. Like other members of the PulD family (e.g. pIV protein of filamentous phages), InvG may be a multimeric protein that forms an outer membrane channel, which may serve as a pore for the passage of secreted proteins [57, 74]. PrgH and Prg ...
Clathrinmediated transport: assembly required
... domains, whereas the α- and β2-appendage domains recruit alternative adaptors and regulatory proteins (Fig 2). The AP2 μ2-subunit functions mainly in the recognition of the YXXφ sorting motifs that are present in the cytosolic tail of different cargo proteins. In addition, binding sites for phosphat ...
... domains, whereas the α- and β2-appendage domains recruit alternative adaptors and regulatory proteins (Fig 2). The AP2 μ2-subunit functions mainly in the recognition of the YXXφ sorting motifs that are present in the cytosolic tail of different cargo proteins. In addition, binding sites for phosphat ...
Staining Protein Gels with Coomassie Blue
... Coomassie G-250 can be used in place of the R-250 form to create a rapid and convenient staining procedure. This capability of G-250 is due to its particular properties. Coomassie G-250 manifests a leuco form below pH 2. Solutions of the dye, dark blue black at pH 7, turn a clear tan upon acidificat ...
... Coomassie G-250 can be used in place of the R-250 form to create a rapid and convenient staining procedure. This capability of G-250 is due to its particular properties. Coomassie G-250 manifests a leuco form below pH 2. Solutions of the dye, dark blue black at pH 7, turn a clear tan upon acidificat ...
Urine Reflection of Changes in Blood
... But there are exceptions. For instance, it is better to detect biomarkers in plasma when they are continuously secreted into blood or have a long half-life. Moreover, biomarkers for acute illnesses such as acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are excreted into b ...
... But there are exceptions. For instance, it is better to detect biomarkers in plasma when they are continuously secreted into blood or have a long half-life. Moreover, biomarkers for acute illnesses such as acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are excreted into b ...
REVIEW - The Journal of Cell Biology
... intermembrane space. Centrifugation of osmotically shocked chloroplasts on discontinuous sucrose gradients yields an envelope fraction substantially free of contamination by other chloroplast components (38, 112, 113), but it does not allow the separation of the inner and outer envelope membranes. T ...
... intermembrane space. Centrifugation of osmotically shocked chloroplasts on discontinuous sucrose gradients yields an envelope fraction substantially free of contamination by other chloroplast components (38, 112, 113), but it does not allow the separation of the inner and outer envelope membranes. T ...
No Slide Title
... p34-36 of "HIV purified by double banding" in sucrose density gradients. Comparison with the amino-acid sequences of these proteins with Class II histocompatability DR proteins proved that "the DR alpha and beta chains appeared to be identical to the p34-36 and p30-32 proteins respectively” Cellular ...
... p34-36 of "HIV purified by double banding" in sucrose density gradients. Comparison with the amino-acid sequences of these proteins with Class II histocompatability DR proteins proved that "the DR alpha and beta chains appeared to be identical to the p34-36 and p30-32 proteins respectively” Cellular ...
Case for support – Programme of work
... Fig 2. (A) Comparison of AtNAP7 with Erwinia SufC, G. theta sulfate ABC protein, and N. punctiforme ABC protein. (B) Localization of AtNAP7/YFP in tobacco stomata. (C) TLC showing that AtNAP7 is an ATPase. (D) AtNAP7 can complement SufC deficiency in E. coli. PMS was added to WT E. coli (MG1655), a ...
... Fig 2. (A) Comparison of AtNAP7 with Erwinia SufC, G. theta sulfate ABC protein, and N. punctiforme ABC protein. (B) Localization of AtNAP7/YFP in tobacco stomata. (C) TLC showing that AtNAP7 is an ATPase. (D) AtNAP7 can complement SufC deficiency in E. coli. PMS was added to WT E. coli (MG1655), a ...
28. biosynthesis of proteins
... into the 20-letter language of proteins. He opined that tRNA must serve the role of an adaptor, one part of the tRNA molecule binding a specific amino acid and some other part of the tRNA recognizing a short nucleotide sequence (a trinucleotide) in mRNA coding for that amino acid. This idea, termed ...
... into the 20-letter language of proteins. He opined that tRNA must serve the role of an adaptor, one part of the tRNA molecule binding a specific amino acid and some other part of the tRNA recognizing a short nucleotide sequence (a trinucleotide) in mRNA coding for that amino acid. This idea, termed ...
Mapping allosteric connections from the receptor G proteins
... Ras, and a helical domain that buries the guanine nucleotidebinding pocket in the core of the protein. Switch I is a loop that forms one of the two linkers between these domains by connecting the ␣F-helix of the helical domain to the 2-strand of the GTPase domain (Fig. 1 A). Upon exchange of GDP fo ...
... Ras, and a helical domain that buries the guanine nucleotidebinding pocket in the core of the protein. Switch I is a loop that forms one of the two linkers between these domains by connecting the ␣F-helix of the helical domain to the 2-strand of the GTPase domain (Fig. 1 A). Upon exchange of GDP fo ...
Characterization of Proteins Structurally Related to Human N
... association of each isoenzyme with the respective fraction was confirmed by Cellogel electrophoresis as described by Braidman et al. (1974). The recovery of protein was 75-77% of that applied (range from three experiments). Under these conditions the serologically unrelated hexosaminidase C is not r ...
... association of each isoenzyme with the respective fraction was confirmed by Cellogel electrophoresis as described by Braidman et al. (1974). The recovery of protein was 75-77% of that applied (range from three experiments). Under these conditions the serologically unrelated hexosaminidase C is not r ...
A Cyanobacterial Chlorophyll Synthase-HliD
... energy and use it for charge separation, which drives downstream processes such as NADPH formation and ATP synthesis. The structures of these complexes (Jordan et al., 2001; Umena et al., 2011) show how chlorophyll molecules are arranged to optimize the absorption of light and efficient energy transf ...
... energy and use it for charge separation, which drives downstream processes such as NADPH formation and ATP synthesis. The structures of these complexes (Jordan et al., 2001; Umena et al., 2011) show how chlorophyll molecules are arranged to optimize the absorption of light and efficient energy transf ...
1055 BIOTECHNOLOGYDERIVED ARTICLES—PEPTIDE
... experimental means for measuring the overall performance of the test method. The acceptance criteria for system suitability depend on the identification of critical test parameters that affect data interpretation and acceptance. These critical parameters are also criteria that monitor peptide digest ...
... experimental means for measuring the overall performance of the test method. The acceptance criteria for system suitability depend on the identification of critical test parameters that affect data interpretation and acceptance. These critical parameters are also criteria that monitor peptide digest ...
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules
... – broken down as a source of energy – make up cell membranes – used to make hormones ...
... – broken down as a source of energy – make up cell membranes – used to make hormones ...
Not Every Disulfide Lasts Forever: Disulfide Bond
... H 2O 2 sensitivity (7). Even within the reducing environment of the cytosol, 5 µM exogenously added H2O 2 is sufficient to oxidize OxyR in vivo (3). The fact that reduction of OxyR is relatively slow compared with its oxidation also ensures the accumulation of oxidized and active OxyR in the overall ...
... H 2O 2 sensitivity (7). Even within the reducing environment of the cytosol, 5 µM exogenously added H2O 2 is sufficient to oxidize OxyR in vivo (3). The fact that reduction of OxyR is relatively slow compared with its oxidation also ensures the accumulation of oxidized and active OxyR in the overall ...
Interactions of Virus Proteins Within the Host Cell
... In general, bacteriophages use the third mechanism of infection, which consists in the injection of the genome inside the cell while the capsid remains outside. This entry is usually a complex process, involving for example multistep binding and the use of lytic enzymes that will locally digest the ...
... In general, bacteriophages use the third mechanism of infection, which consists in the injection of the genome inside the cell while the capsid remains outside. This entry is usually a complex process, involving for example multistep binding and the use of lytic enzymes that will locally digest the ...
Nutrition for Swimmers
... some other important things to keep in mind when it comes to recovering from a workout 1. Hydration - Proper hydration is important when it comes to recovering properly for many reasons • Hydration refers to more then just water but also the replenishment of electrolytes • Replenishing electrolytes ...
... some other important things to keep in mind when it comes to recovering from a workout 1. Hydration - Proper hydration is important when it comes to recovering properly for many reasons • Hydration refers to more then just water but also the replenishment of electrolytes • Replenishing electrolytes ...
PeptidePicker: a Tool for Determining Most Appropriate Peptides for
... database27 with scores given for the likelihood of observing a given peptide.28 The score also takes into consideration the suitability of an MRM transition, based on the frequency and intensity of the observed fragment ions of the specific peptide. The software checks selected peptides for uniquene ...
... database27 with scores given for the likelihood of observing a given peptide.28 The score also takes into consideration the suitability of an MRM transition, based on the frequency and intensity of the observed fragment ions of the specific peptide. The software checks selected peptides for uniquene ...
Organic molecules (biomolecules)
... Scientists eventually realized that specific chemical properties were a result of the presence of particular functional groups. F unctional groups are clusters of atoms with characteristic structure and functions. Polar molecules (with +/- charges) are attracted to water molecules and are hydrop ...
... Scientists eventually realized that specific chemical properties were a result of the presence of particular functional groups. F unctional groups are clusters of atoms with characteristic structure and functions. Polar molecules (with +/- charges) are attracted to water molecules and are hydrop ...
Reitmaier, Rick: Review of Immunoinformatic Approaches to In-silico B-Cell Epitope Prediction
... nor characterized, have undergone fairly limited testing, and are often not publicly accessible.9 ...
... nor characterized, have undergone fairly limited testing, and are often not publicly accessible.9 ...
Lecture 11 AMINO ACIDS AND PROTEINS The word "Protein" was
... trivial or common names based on the source from which they were first isolated or based on their properties. For eg. Asparagine was named so, as it was isolated from asparagus and glycine was so named because of its sweet taste (Greek:'glykos' meaning sweet). All the 20 amino acids, except proline, ...
... trivial or common names based on the source from which they were first isolated or based on their properties. For eg. Asparagine was named so, as it was isolated from asparagus and glycine was so named because of its sweet taste (Greek:'glykos' meaning sweet). All the 20 amino acids, except proline, ...
... (Met(( and Met"'& ; data not shown). The translation profiles derived from (i) pTG393 (encoding the CAT gene, almost the entire FMDV capsid protein 1D, FMDV 2A, the N-terminal proline of FMDV protein 2B and GUS) and (ii) pTG394 (encoding CAT, the C-terminal 39 aa of 1D, 2A, the N-terminal proline of ...
北京聚合美生物科技有限公司 Mei5 Biotechnology, Co., Ltd M5 GFP
... localization in vivo. Several GFP mutants have been developed, including EGFP, which fluoresce more intensely than the wildtype GFP and have shifted excitation maxima, making them useful for FACS and fluorescence microscopy as well as double-labeling applications. GFP is widely used in expression ve ...
... localization in vivo. Several GFP mutants have been developed, including EGFP, which fluoresce more intensely than the wildtype GFP and have shifted excitation maxima, making them useful for FACS and fluorescence microscopy as well as double-labeling applications. GFP is widely used in expression ve ...
Cyclol
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cyclol_reaction.png?width=300)
The cyclol hypothesis is the first structural model of a folded, globular protein. It was developed by Dorothy Wrinch in the late 1930s, and was based on three assumptions. Firstly, the hypothesis assumes that two peptide groups can be crosslinked by a cyclol reaction (Figure 1); these crosslinks are covalent analogs of non-covalent hydrogen bonds between peptide groups. These reactions have been observed in the ergopeptides and other compounds. Secondly, it assumes that, under some conditions, amino acids will naturally make the maximum possible number of cyclol crosslinks, resulting in cyclol molecules (Figure 2) and cyclol fabrics (Figure 3). These cyclol molecules and fabrics have never been observed. Finally, the hypothesis assumes that globular proteins have a tertiary structure corresponding to Platonic solids and semiregular polyhedra formed of cyclol fabrics with no free edges. Such ""closed cyclol"" molecules have not been observed either.Although later data demonstrated that this original model for the structure of globular proteins needed to be amended, several elements of the cyclol model were verified, such as the cyclol reaction itself and the hypothesis that hydrophobic interactions are chiefly responsible for protein folding. The cyclol hypothesis stimulated many scientists to research questions in protein structure and chemistry, and was a precursor of the more accurate models hypothesized for the DNA double helix and protein secondary structure. The proposal and testing of the cyclol model also provides an excellent illustration of empirical falsifiability acting as part of the scientific method.