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Puzzle - UBC Blogs
Puzzle - UBC Blogs

... formerly referred to as dark reactions of photosynthesis produced during light reactions loss of water by plant parts (usually through stomata) ...
AminoAcidMetabolismFIN2011
AminoAcidMetabolismFIN2011

... • The flow of compounds through the urea cycle also depends on the concentrations of cycle intermediates. • Several reactions convert amino acids into urea cycle ...
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome

... excessive uric acid accumulation and, worse, severe malfunctions in the nervous system that lead to mental retardation, spasticity, aggressive behavior, and selfmutilation. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome results from a complete deficiency in HGPRT activity. The structural gene for HGPRT is located on the X ch ...
CHEM 470 - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
CHEM 470 - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry

... Make-up exams: No individual make-up exams will be offered. Your final grade, however, will be based only on the three highest scores; that is, if you miss one exam or score poorly in one of the four hourly exams, this grade will be dropped. Grades: Letter grades will be based on the total points ob ...
Types of Organic compounds
Types of Organic compounds

... enzyme at the regulatory site, the shape of the active site changes so that it can no longer bind its substrate or catalyze the production of product. The enzyme will remain inhibited until the non-competitive inhibitor leaves the regulatory site. Allosteric Activation ...
Chem 3.5 #10 Polymers
Chem 3.5 #10 Polymers

... The most common polyester produced in industry is called PET or Terylene. It is used to make cloth, textiles, ropes and even soft-drink bottles. The monomers used to make PET are shown below. HOOC-C6H4-COOH ...
Enzymes
Enzymes

... Enzymes aren’t used up • Enzymes are not changed by the reaction – used only temporarily – re-used again for the same reaction with other molecules – very little enzyme needed to help in many reactions substrate active site ...
Enzymes
Enzymes

... Enzymes aren’t used up • Enzymes are not changed by the reaction – used only temporarily – re-used again for the same reaction with other molecules – very little enzyme needed to help in many reactions substrate active site ...
Enzymes - Chautauqua Lake Central SD
Enzymes - Chautauqua Lake Central SD

... Enzymes aren’t used up • Enzymes are not changed by the reaction – used only temporarily – re-used again for the same reaction with other molecules – very little enzyme needed to help in many reactions substrate active site ...
Amino Acids - UniMAP Portal
Amino Acids - UniMAP Portal

... Chirality has had a profound effect on the structural and functional properties of biomolecules For eg: the right-handed helices result from the presence of L-amino acids. In addition, because enzymes are chiral molecules, they only bind substrate molecules in one enantiomeric form. Proteases, enzym ...
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... 8/19/08 Fundamentals I Lecture- 11-12:00 *After Break* Questions during the break:  Sulfhydryl groups which can be oxidized to form disulfide bonds between cysteine and cysteine are formed only after the tertiary structure is produced. The two cysteines can be hundreds of amino acids away from each ...
essential amino acids
essential amino acids

... sulfonate). The amino acid mixture, in weakly acidic solution, is added to the column. According to structure, the amino acids are more or less protonated and so will be retained more or less strongly on the column. The pH of the eluant is gradually increased which results in deprotonation and the s ...
Regulation 1. Short term control
Regulation 1. Short term control

Carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism in the A10 vascular
Carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism in the A10 vascular

... glucose transported into the cell is converted into lactate. The data also suggest that glutamine may be oxidized to COz rather than partially oxidized to lactate, citrate or aspartate. The maximum catalytic rates of phosphorylase, hcxokinase, phosphofructokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate de ...
1_Notes_Biochemistry
1_Notes_Biochemistry

The Chemical & Physical Basis of Life
The Chemical & Physical Basis of Life

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Amino Acid Requirements for Formation of the
Amino Acid Requirements for Formation of the

... an inhibitory action in the formation of the reductive amination system in broth media (Sewell, 1954). Supplementary amino acids were added to the basal medium as required equivalent to 0 . 0 2 ~ of o the L-isomer. This concentration was chosen for the following reasons. (1) 0.1 yo (w/v) of casein h ...
An Overview of Protein Synthesis
An Overview of Protein Synthesis

... 1) mRNA = messenger RNA – carries the code for the protein to the ribosome. Made from the DNA template. 2) tRNA = transfer RNA – transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome for polypeptide synthesis. 3) rRNA = ribosomal RNA – structural component of ribosomes. Provides the site where po ...
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LECT35 trans1

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... 2)About 90 % of the digestion and absorption of food takes place in the small intestine. 3)Glucose & fructose are absorbed by secondary active transport 4) Glycolysis is the major pathway for utilizing of glucose and is found in all 5)In ETC, Q (Co Q) serves to shuffle electrons from complexes I, II ...
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What Do I already know about Prehistoric Cultures?

... amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid residues” • the sequence of amino acids in a protein is defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in the genetic code Wikipedia ...
Section 2.3 - Father Michael McGivney Catholic Academy
Section 2.3 - Father Michael McGivney Catholic Academy

... • Catabolic pathways feed into the respiratory pathways. Polysaccharides are broken down into glucose, which enters glycolysis. Glycerol from fats also enters glycolysis, and acetyl CoA from fatty acid degradation enters the citric acid cycle. Proteins enter glycolysis and the citric acid cycle via ...
Pathways of Pyrimidine and Purine Metabolism in E.coli
Pathways of Pyrimidine and Purine Metabolism in E.coli

... genes for these hydrolases, one of which, rihC, is capable of hydrolyzing both purines and pyrimidines ribonucleosides. Because mammals lack these enzymes, a better understanding of these molecules may make them attractive targets for drug therapy. This study attempted to characterize the active sit ...
BIo Exam Trashketball Review Questions
BIo Exam Trashketball Review Questions

... Lactic acid and yields carbon dioxide Glucose and yields 32 ATPs Acetyl CoA and yields lactic acid or alcohol Acetyl CoA and yields carbon dioixde ...
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Amino acid synthesis

Amino acid synthesis is the set of biochemical processes (metabolic pathways) by which the various amino acids are produced from other compounds. The substrates for these processes are various compounds in the organism's diet or growth media. Not all organisms are able to synthesise all amino acids. Humans are excellent example of this, since humans can only synthesise 11 of the 20 standard amino acids (aka non-essential amino acid), and in time of accelerated growth, arginine, can be considered an essential amino acid.A fundamental problem for biological systems is to obtain nitrogen in an easily usable form. This problem is solved by certain microorganisms capable of reducing the inert N≡N molecule (nitrogen gas) to two molecules of ammonia in one of the most remarkable reactions in biochemistry. Ammonia is the source of nitrogen for all the amino acids. The carbon backbones come from the glycolytic pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, or the citric acid cycle.In amino acid production, one encounters an important problem in biosynthesis, namely stereochemical control. Because all amino acids except glycine are chiral, biosynthetic pathways must generate the correct isomer with high fidelity. In each of the 19 pathways for the generation of chiral amino acids, the stereochemistry at the α-carbon atom is established by a transamination reaction that involves pyridoxal phosphate. Almost all the transaminases that catalyze these reactions descend from a common ancestor, illustrating once again that effective solutions to biochemical problems are retained throughout evolution.Biosynthetic pathways are often highly regulated such that building-blocks are synthesized only when supplies are low. Very often, a high concentration of the final product of a pathway inhibits the activity of enzymes that function early in the pathway. Often present are allosteric enzymes capable of sensing and responding to concentrations of regulatory species. These enzymes are similar in functional properties to aspartate transcarbamoylase and its regulators. Feedback and allosteric mechanisms ensure that all twenty amino acids are maintained in sufficient amounts for protein synthesis and other processes.
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