video slide
... NADH, forming lactate as an end product, with no release of CO2 Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt Human muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce ...
... NADH, forming lactate as an end product, with no release of CO2 Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt Human muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce ...
Chapter 16
... Glycogen synthase In this step, the glucosyl unit of UDP-glucose (UDPG) is transferred to the C4-OH group of one of glycogen’s nonreducing ends to form an (1,4) glycosidic bond. Involves an oxonium ion intermediate (half-chair intermediate) Each molecule of G1P added to glycogen regenerated needs ...
... Glycogen synthase In this step, the glucosyl unit of UDP-glucose (UDPG) is transferred to the C4-OH group of one of glycogen’s nonreducing ends to form an (1,4) glycosidic bond. Involves an oxonium ion intermediate (half-chair intermediate) Each molecule of G1P added to glycogen regenerated needs ...
Jesse Rabinowitz - National Academy of Sciences
... Many important one-carbon transfer reactions are mediated by the tetrahydrofolate (THF) coenzyme form of folic acid. THF is required for the biosynthesis of purines, ...
... Many important one-carbon transfer reactions are mediated by the tetrahydrofolate (THF) coenzyme form of folic acid. THF is required for the biosynthesis of purines, ...
porphyrine, heme and..
... 2) Its globin consists of 2 α - chains and 2 delta chains (δ) : α2 δ2 c- Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) : 1) This is hemoglobin present in the fetus during intrautrine fetal life. 2) It consists of 2 α - chains and 2 gamma chains (α2 γ2) 3 Hemoglobin F accounts about 1% of adult human hemoglobin. d- Hemoglo ...
... 2) Its globin consists of 2 α - chains and 2 delta chains (δ) : α2 δ2 c- Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) : 1) This is hemoglobin present in the fetus during intrautrine fetal life. 2) It consists of 2 α - chains and 2 gamma chains (α2 γ2) 3 Hemoglobin F accounts about 1% of adult human hemoglobin. d- Hemoglo ...
Ch. 9
... • In alcohol fermentation, pyruvate is converted to ethanol in two steps, with the first releasing CO2 • Alcohol fermentation by yeast is used in brewing, winemaking, and baking ...
... • In alcohol fermentation, pyruvate is converted to ethanol in two steps, with the first releasing CO2 • Alcohol fermentation by yeast is used in brewing, winemaking, and baking ...
The role of the C8 proton of ATP in the catalysis of shikimate kinase
... phosphoryl transfer within a range of kinase and synthetase enzymes [1,2]. The role of the ATP C8-H in the binding and/or phosphoryl transfer activity of a number of kinase and synthetase enzymes was elucidated in comparative enzyme activity assays using ATP and ATP deuterated at the C8 position. Th ...
... phosphoryl transfer within a range of kinase and synthetase enzymes [1,2]. The role of the ATP C8-H in the binding and/or phosphoryl transfer activity of a number of kinase and synthetase enzymes was elucidated in comparative enzyme activity assays using ATP and ATP deuterated at the C8 position. Th ...
Protein metabolism in exercising human with special reference to
... consumption of large amounts of protein and energy suggest that additional research is necessary before the question of protein need in those attempting to increase lean mass is settled. Despite recommended protein requirements, special protein supplementation is unnecessary for most who consume a v ...
... consumption of large amounts of protein and energy suggest that additional research is necessary before the question of protein need in those attempting to increase lean mass is settled. Despite recommended protein requirements, special protein supplementation is unnecessary for most who consume a v ...
Couchioplanes caeruleus - International Journal of Systematic and
... Actinoplanes caeruleus I F 0 13939T(T = type strain) and “Actinoplanesazureus” I F 0 13993Tare known to have the same characteristics. Therefore, the taxonomic position of these three strains was studied. Aerial mycelia of these strains fragmented during the growth cycle and produced motile spores a ...
... Actinoplanes caeruleus I F 0 13939T(T = type strain) and “Actinoplanesazureus” I F 0 13993Tare known to have the same characteristics. Therefore, the taxonomic position of these three strains was studied. Aerial mycelia of these strains fragmented during the growth cycle and produced motile spores a ...
The phosphopantetheinyl transferases
... through a reactive thioester linkage. PPant is thought of as a “prosthetic arm” on which all substrates and intermediates of these pathways are covalently yet transiently held during the orderly progression of enzymatic modications to the extending chain. PPTases mediate the transfer and covalent a ...
... through a reactive thioester linkage. PPant is thought of as a “prosthetic arm” on which all substrates and intermediates of these pathways are covalently yet transiently held during the orderly progression of enzymatic modications to the extending chain. PPTases mediate the transfer and covalent a ...
Chapter 4 - University of Amsterdam
... In animal species, carnitine uptake by food is thought to be an important contributor to total carnitine levels but is dependent on diet, as meat and dairy products contain high levels of carnitine, while food sources derived from plants contribute very little (26). Although carnitine can be obtaine ...
... In animal species, carnitine uptake by food is thought to be an important contributor to total carnitine levels but is dependent on diet, as meat and dairy products contain high levels of carnitine, while food sources derived from plants contribute very little (26). Although carnitine can be obtaine ...
Metabolic modeling of muscle metabolism identifies key reactions
... feature of aging, cardiovascular disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), lipid disorders, some cancers, and other components of the metabolic syndrome. IR contributes to the pathophysiology of each of these increasingly prevalent disorders, being present years before disease onset and predicting di ...
... feature of aging, cardiovascular disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), lipid disorders, some cancers, and other components of the metabolic syndrome. IR contributes to the pathophysiology of each of these increasingly prevalent disorders, being present years before disease onset and predicting di ...
exon junctions of Euglena gene(s) - DigitalCommons@University of
... multigene family comprising approximately 3-20 members depending upon the organism studied (1). LHCPIIs have been classified into three types based on the amino acids found at 14 positions and the presence or absence of introns within their genes (2). Type I LHCPIIs are encoded by intronless genes w ...
... multigene family comprising approximately 3-20 members depending upon the organism studied (1). LHCPIIs have been classified into three types based on the amino acids found at 14 positions and the presence or absence of introns within their genes (2). Type I LHCPIIs are encoded by intronless genes w ...
The Enzyme as a Catalyst
... Urease is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide. Certain bacteria that convert urea to ammonia as part of the nitrogen cycle contain this enzyme. ...
... Urease is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide. Certain bacteria that convert urea to ammonia as part of the nitrogen cycle contain this enzyme. ...
NPTEL-Module-1: Introduction to Bioorganic Chemistry Dr. S. S. Bag
... Enediynes are a class of bacterial natural products characterized by either nine- and tenmembered rings containing two triple bonds separated by a double bond. In the mid to late 1980s, it became clear that an emerging series of naturally occurring antitumor antibiotics such as calicheamicin, espera ...
... Enediynes are a class of bacterial natural products characterized by either nine- and tenmembered rings containing two triple bonds separated by a double bond. In the mid to late 1980s, it became clear that an emerging series of naturally occurring antitumor antibiotics such as calicheamicin, espera ...
Lactic Acid Bacteria
... group, the heterofermentative bacteria produce not only lactic acid but ethanol/acetic acid, and carbon-dioxide. In practice, a test for gas production from glucose will distinguish between the two groups. Differences were observed also in rate of growth at different temperatures, pH of media, and s ...
... group, the heterofermentative bacteria produce not only lactic acid but ethanol/acetic acid, and carbon-dioxide. In practice, a test for gas production from glucose will distinguish between the two groups. Differences were observed also in rate of growth at different temperatures, pH of media, and s ...
Variability of Wax Ester Fermentation in Natural and Bleached
... metabolism in Euglena differs from that in Chlamydomonas in that it employs some enzymes shared with hydrogenosomes, but generates very different end products. Several Euglena species can grow at very low oxygen concentrations (Buetow 1989a): Euglena gracilis can survive up to 6 mo of hypoxia when g ...
... metabolism in Euglena differs from that in Chlamydomonas in that it employs some enzymes shared with hydrogenosomes, but generates very different end products. Several Euglena species can grow at very low oxygen concentrations (Buetow 1989a): Euglena gracilis can survive up to 6 mo of hypoxia when g ...
Flavonoids in Biological System
... Flavonoids are "the most common group of polyphenolic compounds in the human diet and are found ubiquitously in plants. ...
... Flavonoids are "the most common group of polyphenolic compounds in the human diet and are found ubiquitously in plants. ...
Cytochrome P450 Inhibition
... Drug-drug interactions can occur when two drugs are coadministered and compete for the same enzyme. ...
... Drug-drug interactions can occur when two drugs are coadministered and compete for the same enzyme. ...
Molecular cloning, characterization and gene expression of an
... organisms from eubacteria to eukaryotes [9,20e26], they are essential, strongly expressed, and tightly regulated [27]. Catalase comprises four ferriphotophorphyrin groups per molecule, and its enzymatic activity in tissues varies greatly [28,29]. Each monomer harbors a single heme and nicotinamide a ...
... organisms from eubacteria to eukaryotes [9,20e26], they are essential, strongly expressed, and tightly regulated [27]. Catalase comprises four ferriphotophorphyrin groups per molecule, and its enzymatic activity in tissues varies greatly [28,29]. Each monomer harbors a single heme and nicotinamide a ...
THE ISOLATION OF WHEAT GERM NUCLEI AND SOME ASPECTS
... when necessary the total volume brought to 10 ml. with additional buffer. All incubations were performed at 37.5°C. 1 cc. samples were removed at 5 minute intervals and treated with dinitrosalicylic acid as described by Meyer et al. (6). The values listed in Table I I were derived under these condit ...
... when necessary the total volume brought to 10 ml. with additional buffer. All incubations were performed at 37.5°C. 1 cc. samples were removed at 5 minute intervals and treated with dinitrosalicylic acid as described by Meyer et al. (6). The values listed in Table I I were derived under these condit ...
Multiple Sequence Motifs in the Rubisco Small
... Figure 1. Protein import of RbcS-tp:GFP and E1a-tp:GFP in wild-type and ppi2 mutant protoplasts. A, Sequences of RbcS-tp and E1a-tp. TP cleavage sites were predicted by TargetP (Emanuelsson et al., 2000) and indicated by arrowheads. B, Images of RbcStp:GFP and E1a-tp:GFP. Protoplasts from wild-type ...
... Figure 1. Protein import of RbcS-tp:GFP and E1a-tp:GFP in wild-type and ppi2 mutant protoplasts. A, Sequences of RbcS-tp and E1a-tp. TP cleavage sites were predicted by TargetP (Emanuelsson et al., 2000) and indicated by arrowheads. B, Images of RbcStp:GFP and E1a-tp:GFP. Protoplasts from wild-type ...
REDESIGN OF CARNITINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE SPECIFICITY BY PROTEIN ENGINEERING UNIVERSIDAD DE BARCELONA
... Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) catalyzes a similar reaction to CrAT, with the difference that in ChAT the acetyl group from acetyl-CoA is transferred to choline instead of carnitine. Cronin (1998) successfully redesigned ChAT to use carnitine instead of its natural substrate choline. In the presen ...
... Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) catalyzes a similar reaction to CrAT, with the difference that in ChAT the acetyl group from acetyl-CoA is transferred to choline instead of carnitine. Cronin (1998) successfully redesigned ChAT to use carnitine instead of its natural substrate choline. In the presen ...