• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
UNITED `STATES` PATENT
UNITED `STATES` PATENT

... at a slower rate than the simple sugars, while the 35 tion or mixing of the base in or with the dry more complex starches react so slowly with most noodles is also satisfactory. and in- such case the amino acids and the like as to render the pig plastic mix of other ingredients may be isolated menta ...
PDF - Bentham Open
PDF - Bentham Open

... salt water and sediments containing hydrogen sulfide [2]. A. vinosum has a role in recycling elemental sulfur from environments as it possesses the catalytic machinery to carry out the sulfur oxidation process . A. vinosum has not only been used in waste remediation and removal of toxic compounds, e ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism

... • Anabolism = biosynthesis: “constructive metabolism” – Synthesis of new biomolecules: end product is more complex than the starting product – Anabolic pathways use energy and precursor metabolites to synthesize subunits of macromolecules ...
Lecture: 27 Fatty acid and triacyl glycerol biosynthesis Biosynthesis
Lecture: 27 Fatty acid and triacyl glycerol biosynthesis Biosynthesis

... i. Synthesis takes place in the cytosol, in contrast with degradation or oxidation, which occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. ii. Intermediates in fatty acid synthesis are covalently linked to the sulfhydryl group of an acyl carrier protein (ACP) whereas intermediates in fatty acid breakdown are bon ...
17_Learning_Objectives
17_Learning_Objectives

... initiation, elongation, and termination. 16. Explain how RNA is modified after transcription in eukaryotic cells. 17. Describe the functional and evolutionary significance of introns. 18. Explain why, due to alternative RNA splicing, the number of different protein products an organism can produce i ...
Slayt 1 - Prof.Dr.Orhan CANBOLAT
Slayt 1 - Prof.Dr.Orhan CANBOLAT

... • Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is an X-linked disorder arising from deficiency of HGPRT, which results in failure to salvage hypoxanthine and guanine to the corresponding nucleotides IMP and GMP. • Inability to utilize PRPP in the salvage pathway leads to PRPP accumulation, which, in conjunction with low le ...
enzyme - Clayton State University
enzyme - Clayton State University

... • Binding interactions must be strong enough to hold the substrate sufficiently long for the reaction to occur • Interactions must be weak enough to allow the product to depart • Implies a fine balance • Designing molecules with stronger binding interactions results in enzyme inhibitors which block ...
video slide
video slide

... • Hydrocarbons are molecules consisting of only carbon and hydrogen • Hydrocarbons Are found in many of a cell’s organic molecules ...
copyrighted material
copyrighted material

... in water (they dissolve) because the poles of the polar water molecules pull them apart, forming ions. Polar covalent substances are also water-soluble because they share the same hydrogen bonding as water shares with itself. For this reason, polar covalent substances are called hydrophilic (water l ...
Metabolic Disorders
Metabolic Disorders

... • An essential nutrient found in highest concentration in red meat. • Primary function : Transport long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for oxidation. • Carnitine supplementation in fatty acid oxidation disorders and organic acidosis may augment excretion of accumulated metabolites , but may not ...
INDIGO-BINDING DOMAINS IN CELLULASE MOLECULES
INDIGO-BINDING DOMAINS IN CELLULASE MOLECULES

Enzymes - A Level Notes
Enzymes - A Level Notes

Protein enzyme
Protein enzyme

Definitions
Definitions

... a small chain of amino acids - a small part of a protein Symbol (P). It is an element which is needed to make bones, ATP and DNA is a chain of many peptides is a long chain of amino acids folded up to form 3-D shapes. Each protein has a different job. this is a food molecule where large numbers of s ...
Tools in Biocatalysis
Tools in Biocatalysis

NUCLEOTIDE metabolism class of 2016
NUCLEOTIDE metabolism class of 2016

... finger biting. • Since high urate levels are present in the blood, individuals with this condition are also prone to gout and kidney stones ...
Slides
Slides

... each P in U:   If current organism is outside taxonomic range of P AND at least one reaction in P lacks an enzyme, delete P from U   If all reactions of P designated as key reactions have no enzyme, delete P from U ...
Exam 3
Exam 3

amino acid
amino acid

Rooting the Ribosomal Tree of Life Research article
Rooting the Ribosomal Tree of Life Research article

The Feedbag - Hoober Feeds
The Feedbag - Hoober Feeds

... This is the last item on the list because it is the most expensive. We always want to try to meet the amino acid needs of the cow in the most economical way which means saving this step until last. However, in most programs for high producing cows, we cannot get enough Lysine and Methionine from the ...
Archaea
Archaea

Preparation for Exam 1
Preparation for Exam 1

... breakdown) fell in the cracks between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Study these pathways by structure and know the intermediates that lead into or otherwise connect the pathways. Know their structures, not just the names. Know also the major events in pathway regulation. Know why a cell can surviv ...
A2 2, Analytical, Transition Metals, Electrochemistry and
A2 2, Analytical, Transition Metals, Electrochemistry and

... (iii) Explain how the purified product formed between putrescine and excess ethanoyl chloride could be used to identify putrescine. ...
File
File

... Benchmark:  SC.912L.18.1 Describe the basic molecular structures and primary functions of the four major categories of biological macromolecules. AA ...
< 1 ... 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 ... 622 >

Amino acid synthesis

Amino acid synthesis is the set of biochemical processes (metabolic pathways) by which the various amino acids are produced from other compounds. The substrates for these processes are various compounds in the organism's diet or growth media. Not all organisms are able to synthesise all amino acids. Humans are excellent example of this, since humans can only synthesise 11 of the 20 standard amino acids (aka non-essential amino acid), and in time of accelerated growth, arginine, can be considered an essential amino acid.A fundamental problem for biological systems is to obtain nitrogen in an easily usable form. This problem is solved by certain microorganisms capable of reducing the inert N≡N molecule (nitrogen gas) to two molecules of ammonia in one of the most remarkable reactions in biochemistry. Ammonia is the source of nitrogen for all the amino acids. The carbon backbones come from the glycolytic pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, or the citric acid cycle.In amino acid production, one encounters an important problem in biosynthesis, namely stereochemical control. Because all amino acids except glycine are chiral, biosynthetic pathways must generate the correct isomer with high fidelity. In each of the 19 pathways for the generation of chiral amino acids, the stereochemistry at the α-carbon atom is established by a transamination reaction that involves pyridoxal phosphate. Almost all the transaminases that catalyze these reactions descend from a common ancestor, illustrating once again that effective solutions to biochemical problems are retained throughout evolution.Biosynthetic pathways are often highly regulated such that building-blocks are synthesized only when supplies are low. Very often, a high concentration of the final product of a pathway inhibits the activity of enzymes that function early in the pathway. Often present are allosteric enzymes capable of sensing and responding to concentrations of regulatory species. These enzymes are similar in functional properties to aspartate transcarbamoylase and its regulators. Feedback and allosteric mechanisms ensure that all twenty amino acids are maintained in sufficient amounts for protein synthesis and other processes.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report