Characterization of the unconventional myosin VIII in plant cells and
... which, in association with actin, are involved in intracellular motile processes. In addition to the conventional myosins involved in muscle contractility, there is, in animal cells, a wide range of unconventional myosins implicated in membrane-associated processes, such as vesicle transport and mem ...
... which, in association with actin, are involved in intracellular motile processes. In addition to the conventional myosins involved in muscle contractility, there is, in animal cells, a wide range of unconventional myosins implicated in membrane-associated processes, such as vesicle transport and mem ...
Amniotic membrane modulates innate immune response inhibiting
... b, and by the other hand activate the nuclear factor-kB (NFkB) favoring the production of proinflammatory cytokines (Kawai et al., 2005; Hirata et al., 2007; Kanneganti, 2010). In this context, it has been described that NFkB is an important molecule in cell activation process throughout maintaining ...
... b, and by the other hand activate the nuclear factor-kB (NFkB) favoring the production of proinflammatory cytokines (Kawai et al., 2005; Hirata et al., 2007; Kanneganti, 2010). In this context, it has been described that NFkB is an important molecule in cell activation process throughout maintaining ...
POM-POM2/CELLULOSE SYNTHASE
... et al., 2006). Mutations in any of these genes result in epidermal cell swelling, restricted root and hypocotyl elongation, and reduced cellulose content. While it is unlikely that all of these proteins partake in the CESA complex, their functions appear crucial for production of the microfibrils. H ...
... et al., 2006). Mutations in any of these genes result in epidermal cell swelling, restricted root and hypocotyl elongation, and reduced cellulose content. While it is unlikely that all of these proteins partake in the CESA complex, their functions appear crucial for production of the microfibrils. H ...
35-2 The Nervous System
... At the end of the neuron, the impulse reaches an axon terminal. Usually the neuron makes contact with another cell at this site. The neuron may pass the impulse along to the second cell. The location at which a neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell is called a synapse. Slide 23 of 38 Copyri ...
... At the end of the neuron, the impulse reaches an axon terminal. Usually the neuron makes contact with another cell at this site. The neuron may pass the impulse along to the second cell. The location at which a neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell is called a synapse. Slide 23 of 38 Copyri ...
Mitochondrial GFA2 Is Required for Synergid Cell
... Little is known about the molecular processes that govern female gametophyte (FG) development and function, and few FG-expressed genes have been identified. We report the identification and phenotypic analysis of 31 new FG mutants in Arabidopsis. These mutants have defects throughout development, in ...
... Little is known about the molecular processes that govern female gametophyte (FG) development and function, and few FG-expressed genes have been identified. We report the identification and phenotypic analysis of 31 new FG mutants in Arabidopsis. These mutants have defects throughout development, in ...
PDF
... among the older botanists, mainly because it would have drastic physiological consequences including the loss of plasmodesmatamediated symplastic continuity in growing tissues which, in fact, was never observed. A series of in-depth analyzes in the early twentieth century (Priestley, 1930; Sinnott a ...
... among the older botanists, mainly because it would have drastic physiological consequences including the loss of plasmodesmatamediated symplastic continuity in growing tissues which, in fact, was never observed. A series of in-depth analyzes in the early twentieth century (Priestley, 1930; Sinnott a ...
Dynamics of Phragmoplastin in Living Cells during
... The cell plate is formed by the fusion of Golgi apparatus-derived vesicles in the center of the phragmoplast during cytokinesis in plant cells. A dynamin-like protein, phragmoplastin, has been isolated and shown t o be associated with cell plate formation in soybean by using immunocytochemistry. In ...
... The cell plate is formed by the fusion of Golgi apparatus-derived vesicles in the center of the phragmoplast during cytokinesis in plant cells. A dynamin-like protein, phragmoplastin, has been isolated and shown t o be associated with cell plate formation in soybean by using immunocytochemistry. In ...
Transmitter Release
... amount of Ca2+ that flows into the terminal. H the action potential is prolonged, more Ca2+ flows into the cell and therefore more transmitter is released,causing a greater postsynaptic potential. Calcium channelsare found in all nerve cells as well as in cells outside the nervous system, such as sk ...
... amount of Ca2+ that flows into the terminal. H the action potential is prolonged, more Ca2+ flows into the cell and therefore more transmitter is released,causing a greater postsynaptic potential. Calcium channelsare found in all nerve cells as well as in cells outside the nervous system, such as sk ...
1 1 2 3 4 5 Wnt proteins can direct planar cell polarity in
... To find out whether the observed effect on PCP is specific to Wnt5a or can be mediated by other ...
... To find out whether the observed effect on PCP is specific to Wnt5a or can be mediated by other ...
Cytoskeletal control of plant cell shape: getting the fine points
... and vascular elements are vitally important to their functions. Even subtle features of cell shape can have a signi®cant impact on function. For example, the lobed shapes of mesophyll cells are thought to enhance their capacity for gas exchange during photosynthesis, and the conical shapes of petal ...
... and vascular elements are vitally important to their functions. Even subtle features of cell shape can have a signi®cant impact on function. For example, the lobed shapes of mesophyll cells are thought to enhance their capacity for gas exchange during photosynthesis, and the conical shapes of petal ...
Lysenin: A sphingomyelin specific pore
... in the plasma membrane, especially the outer leaflet. Sphingomyelin metabolites play important roles as second messengers in signal transduction events during development and differentiation [4]. Sphingomyelin is also a major component of sphingolipid/ cholesterol-rich membrane domains, called lipid ...
... in the plasma membrane, especially the outer leaflet. Sphingomyelin metabolites play important roles as second messengers in signal transduction events during development and differentiation [4]. Sphingomyelin is also a major component of sphingolipid/ cholesterol-rich membrane domains, called lipid ...
Phospholipase D Activation Correlates with Microtubule
... In some cases, evidence for PA stimulating the downstream responses also was provided (Munnik, 2001). In general, PA is thought to work by binding target proteins downstream in the signaling cascade. Binding may activate these components directly or indirectly by concentrating them at membrane loci ...
... In some cases, evidence for PA stimulating the downstream responses also was provided (Munnik, 2001). In general, PA is thought to work by binding target proteins downstream in the signaling cascade. Binding may activate these components directly or indirectly by concentrating them at membrane loci ...
Targeting of Active Sialyltransferase to the Plant Golgi Apparatus
... The Golgi apparatus is a central organelle in the secretory pathway of plant cells. Proteins initially inserted into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are sorted here into a range of vesicles for transport onward to the vacuole, plasma membrane, and cell wall. Moreover, the enzymes that synthesize a wi ...
... The Golgi apparatus is a central organelle in the secretory pathway of plant cells. Proteins initially inserted into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are sorted here into a range of vesicles for transport onward to the vacuole, plasma membrane, and cell wall. Moreover, the enzymes that synthesize a wi ...
Studies on Cell Adhesion and Recognition I. Extent and Specificity
... The adhesion surfaces were prepared by adsorbing different proteins on microtiter wells (see above). Unless otherwise indicated, fibronectin and different lectins were adsorbed at 10 pg/ml. The enzyme concentrations were 0.2 U/ml of Clostridium perfringens sialidase and 0.9 U/ml of 6-galactosidase ( ...
... The adhesion surfaces were prepared by adsorbing different proteins on microtiter wells (see above). Unless otherwise indicated, fibronectin and different lectins were adsorbed at 10 pg/ml. The enzyme concentrations were 0.2 U/ml of Clostridium perfringens sialidase and 0.9 U/ml of 6-galactosidase ( ...
Caveolae as potential macromolecule trafficking
... Fig. 2. (a) A gallery of 19 optical images taken at steps of 0.46 m through a paraffin section of rat lung tissue using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The rat lung tissue was immunostained with anti-caveolin-1 antibody and immunocolloidal gold. The colloidal gold was visually enhanced by ...
... Fig. 2. (a) A gallery of 19 optical images taken at steps of 0.46 m through a paraffin section of rat lung tissue using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The rat lung tissue was immunostained with anti-caveolin-1 antibody and immunocolloidal gold. The colloidal gold was visually enhanced by ...
The trans-Golgi network GRIP-domain proteins form α
... On the basis of the above, GCC88 probably forms a coiled-coil homodimer. Coiled-coil dimers may be orientated in a parallel (head-to-head) or anti-parallel (head-to-tail) fashion [27]. To distinguish between these possibilities, we utilized the yeast twohybrid assay to analyse interactions between f ...
... On the basis of the above, GCC88 probably forms a coiled-coil homodimer. Coiled-coil dimers may be orientated in a parallel (head-to-head) or anti-parallel (head-to-tail) fashion [27]. To distinguish between these possibilities, we utilized the yeast twohybrid assay to analyse interactions between f ...
Immunity Cells Programmed by Mediators of Type 1 Nanotube
... histamines or PGE2 (3, 10), drive Th2-biased responses, display a diminished capacity to produce IL-12p70 upon CD40 ligation, and are less effective at driving cell-mediated immunity. DC migration and transportation of Ag to draining lymph nodes are critical for the initiation of CTL responses (1). ...
... histamines or PGE2 (3, 10), drive Th2-biased responses, display a diminished capacity to produce IL-12p70 upon CD40 ligation, and are less effective at driving cell-mediated immunity. DC migration and transportation of Ag to draining lymph nodes are critical for the initiation of CTL responses (1). ...
Corresponding author: Dr. A. Lacey Samuels
... judge because there was strong variability in label density between sections, even within one treatment. Therefore, the label density was quantified by measuring grey levels and these levels were corrected to the mean white of the background, to get average density values in defined cell types (seco ...
... judge because there was strong variability in label density between sections, even within one treatment. Therefore, the label density was quantified by measuring grey levels and these levels were corrected to the mean white of the background, to get average density values in defined cell types (seco ...
Phagosome maturation in unicellular eukaryote Paramecium: the
... DEEIFFP186), exist in Paramecium genome (Surmacz et al. 2006). We report here the presence of gene/mRNA encoding RILP-related proteins in Paramecium exhibiting a high homology to the regions involved in regulating of lysosomal morphology (Wang et al. 2004) and dynein-dynactin recruitment (Marsman et ...
... DEEIFFP186), exist in Paramecium genome (Surmacz et al. 2006). We report here the presence of gene/mRNA encoding RILP-related proteins in Paramecium exhibiting a high homology to the regions involved in regulating of lysosomal morphology (Wang et al. 2004) and dynein-dynactin recruitment (Marsman et ...
Plant Cytokinesis Is Orchestrated by the Sequential Action of the
... The TRAPPII complex is required for cell plate biogenesis, and the exocyst is required for cell plate maturation. The TRAPPII complex sorts plasma membrane proteins, including exocyst subunits, at the cell plate throughout cytokinesis. We show that the two tethering complexes physically interact and ...
... The TRAPPII complex is required for cell plate biogenesis, and the exocyst is required for cell plate maturation. The TRAPPII complex sorts plasma membrane proteins, including exocyst subunits, at the cell plate throughout cytokinesis. We show that the two tethering complexes physically interact and ...
Localization of growth and secretion of proteins in
... measured with isolated cell wall fractions (Trevithick & Metzenberg, 1966)or determined by the solute-exclusion technique using living hyphae (Money, 1990). Measurements of wall porosity with isolated wall preparations relate to the bulk of wall material and not to the tiny fraction covering the gro ...
... measured with isolated cell wall fractions (Trevithick & Metzenberg, 1966)or determined by the solute-exclusion technique using living hyphae (Money, 1990). Measurements of wall porosity with isolated wall preparations relate to the bulk of wall material and not to the tiny fraction covering the gro ...
Escherichia coli Karl Skoog
... The membranes Membranes act as barriers for the passage of polar molecules and ions. These are formed by lipids, which hinder the passage of polar and other compounds such as ions, water and nutrients. The membranes are semipermeable to uncharged, non-polar molecules such as CO2 and O2, which diffus ...
... The membranes Membranes act as barriers for the passage of polar molecules and ions. These are formed by lipids, which hinder the passage of polar and other compounds such as ions, water and nutrients. The membranes are semipermeable to uncharged, non-polar molecules such as CO2 and O2, which diffus ...
The pollen wall and tapetum are altered in the
... may be solid or contain internal foramina and comprises tectum (tegillum), columella (bacula), and foot layers. The intine, secreted by the microspore, is the innermost layer, is located between plasma membrane and the nexine (Heslop-Harrison, 1971), and contains cellulose, pectin, and various prote ...
... may be solid or contain internal foramina and comprises tectum (tegillum), columella (bacula), and foot layers. The intine, secreted by the microspore, is the innermost layer, is located between plasma membrane and the nexine (Heslop-Harrison, 1971), and contains cellulose, pectin, and various prote ...
A secondary structure motif predictive of protein localization to the
... Normann et al., 1998). Although the diseases caused by chlamydiae are quite diverse, the four chlamydial species share many common features. All chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria that develop within a membranebound vacuole called an inclusion. Infection of host cells is mediated by the ...
... Normann et al., 1998). Although the diseases caused by chlamydiae are quite diverse, the four chlamydial species share many common features. All chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria that develop within a membranebound vacuole called an inclusion. Infection of host cells is mediated by the ...
Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. It consists of the phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Cell membranes are involved in a variety of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, ion conductivity and cell signalling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures, including the cell wall, glycocalyx, and intracellular cytoskeleton. Cell membranes can be artificially reassembled.