Chapter 8: Joints
... 12. Discuss the nature of synovial fluid and its function. 13. Discuss the structure and function of the bursae and tendon sheaths. 14. Describe the structural features for each of the types of synovial joints. 15. Describe all the types of movements at synovial joints and give examples. Know which ...
... 12. Discuss the nature of synovial fluid and its function. 13. Discuss the structure and function of the bursae and tendon sheaths. 14. Describe the structural features for each of the types of synovial joints. 15. Describe all the types of movements at synovial joints and give examples. Know which ...
Genetic Control of Fusion Pore Expansion in the Epidermis of
... et al., 1997; Abmayr et al., 2003; Chen et al., 2003). However, genes necessary and sufficient for the actual merger of two plasma membranes into one have not been reported in other developmental cell fusion reactions outside syncytin-mediated fusion between human trophoblasts (Mi et al., 2000) and ...
... et al., 1997; Abmayr et al., 2003; Chen et al., 2003). However, genes necessary and sufficient for the actual merger of two plasma membranes into one have not been reported in other developmental cell fusion reactions outside syncytin-mediated fusion between human trophoblasts (Mi et al., 2000) and ...
western blotting - New England Biolabs GmbH
... protein levels in a biological sample through antibody binding to a specific protein of interest. The precise binding that occurs between an antibody and its target protein epitope allows detection of highly specific amino acid sequences within a protein. Antibodies can also detect specific post-tra ...
... protein levels in a biological sample through antibody binding to a specific protein of interest. The precise binding that occurs between an antibody and its target protein epitope allows detection of highly specific amino acid sequences within a protein. Antibodies can also detect specific post-tra ...
The metabolite transporters of the plastid envelope
... transporters of the inner envelope membrane of plastids, in particular the electrochemical potential-driven class of transporters. Recent advances in elucidating the plastidial complement of metabolite transporters are provided, with an update on phylogenetic relationship of selected proteins. Keywo ...
... transporters of the inner envelope membrane of plastids, in particular the electrochemical potential-driven class of transporters. Recent advances in elucidating the plastidial complement of metabolite transporters are provided, with an update on phylogenetic relationship of selected proteins. Keywo ...
Syntaxin of Plant Proteins SYP123 and SYP132 Mediate Root Hair
... that syp123-1 is a null mutant. Expression of SYP123 was detected in a complementation line expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)–SYP123 under the control of the SYP123 promoter (Fig. 1B). The root hair length of syp123-1 was significantly shorter (377.2 ± 113.8 mm) than that of wild-type (WT) ...
... that syp123-1 is a null mutant. Expression of SYP123 was detected in a complementation line expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)–SYP123 under the control of the SYP123 promoter (Fig. 1B). The root hair length of syp123-1 was significantly shorter (377.2 ± 113.8 mm) than that of wild-type (WT) ...
Copyright Information of the Article Published Online
... peroxisomes and mitochondria are present, with the actual number depending on the metabolic needs of the cells. The shape and the interconnection among and between these organelles also change depending on the metabolic environment[25]. ...
... peroxisomes and mitochondria are present, with the actual number depending on the metabolic needs of the cells. The shape and the interconnection among and between these organelles also change depending on the metabolic environment[25]. ...
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... random and phasic models require RPCs to possess multiple competence states simultaneously, whereas the stepwise model suggests that an RPC adopts a single competence state at a given time to allow the production of a specific cell type. Besides ordered cell genesis, these models make different pred ...
... random and phasic models require RPCs to possess multiple competence states simultaneously, whereas the stepwise model suggests that an RPC adopts a single competence state at a given time to allow the production of a specific cell type. Besides ordered cell genesis, these models make different pred ...
Defining retinal progenitor cell competence in
... random and phasic models require RPCs to possess multiple competence states simultaneously, whereas the stepwise model suggests that an RPC adopts a single competence state at a given time to allow the production of a specific cell type. Besides ordered cell genesis, these models make different pred ...
... random and phasic models require RPCs to possess multiple competence states simultaneously, whereas the stepwise model suggests that an RPC adopts a single competence state at a given time to allow the production of a specific cell type. Besides ordered cell genesis, these models make different pred ...
Detection, Characterization, and Bioavailability of Membrane
... In providing a permeability barrier for cell membranes, nature has used phospholipids that are partially unsaturated and has concomitantly employed a variety of protective mechanisms to limit the access of iron to lipid. Examples include the high affinity association of iron with various chelators, ...
... In providing a permeability barrier for cell membranes, nature has used phospholipids that are partially unsaturated and has concomitantly employed a variety of protective mechanisms to limit the access of iron to lipid. Examples include the high affinity association of iron with various chelators, ...
Signaling tip growth in plants Zhenbiao Yang
... tubes into bulbous tubes (H Li and Z Yang, unpublished data). These results indicate that Rop controls not only the establishment of cell polarity but also tip growth, as does CDC42 in tip-growing fission yeast [8]. The bulbous phenotype is analogous to tip swelling accompanied by non-localized intr ...
... tubes into bulbous tubes (H Li and Z Yang, unpublished data). These results indicate that Rop controls not only the establishment of cell polarity but also tip growth, as does CDC42 in tip-growing fission yeast [8]. The bulbous phenotype is analogous to tip swelling accompanied by non-localized intr ...
Antibacterial activity of Nicolaia speciosa fruit extract
... phase of silica gel GF254 and as a developer solution is n-hexane and ethyl acetate (96: 4 v / v). The aims of this research is to determine the part of N. speciosa fruit that used as antibacterial through diffusion test and to determine MIC, fractionation using TLC and observe the leakages of micro ...
... phase of silica gel GF254 and as a developer solution is n-hexane and ethyl acetate (96: 4 v / v). The aims of this research is to determine the part of N. speciosa fruit that used as antibacterial through diffusion test and to determine MIC, fractionation using TLC and observe the leakages of micro ...
Characterization of chloroplasts in pavement cells of Arabidopsis
... Identifying the PCC and creating resources for their characterization The presence of PCC in Arabidopsis was best appreciated when the pavement cells were viewed from a lateral perspective. As shown in Fig. 1 this view was easily achieved for pavement cells lying at the edges of cotyledons and leave ...
... Identifying the PCC and creating resources for their characterization The presence of PCC in Arabidopsis was best appreciated when the pavement cells were viewed from a lateral perspective. As shown in Fig. 1 this view was easily achieved for pavement cells lying at the edges of cotyledons and leave ...
growth of the plant cell wall - Personal.psu.edu
... CESA proteins are embedded in the plasma membrane in hexameric arrays called particle rosettes6 (FIG. 3a). The smallest subunits that are visible by electron microscopy are thought to consist of six CESA proteins that are encoded by three genes (FIG. 3b,c). The assembly of CESA subunits into hexamer ...
... CESA proteins are embedded in the plasma membrane in hexameric arrays called particle rosettes6 (FIG. 3a). The smallest subunits that are visible by electron microscopy are thought to consist of six CESA proteins that are encoded by three genes (FIG. 3b,c). The assembly of CESA subunits into hexamer ...
Determination of the Correlation between Conductance and Architecture of Disordered ß-amyloid Channels
... two important regions that dictate conductance through a charged pore: 1) A hemisphere with the same diameter as the pore directly above the conducting region, 2) The bulk fluid and surface surrounding the pore. When the surface is uncharged, the hemisphere dominates the conductance – for a large po ...
... two important regions that dictate conductance through a charged pore: 1) A hemisphere with the same diameter as the pore directly above the conducting region, 2) The bulk fluid and surface surrounding the pore. When the surface is uncharged, the hemisphere dominates the conductance – for a large po ...
C3 receptors on macrophages - Journal of Cell Science
... C4. CR1 has 30 SCR units accounting for its entire extracellular structure. It has a transmembrane segment and a small cytoplasmic domain. CR3 is a heterodimer containing an a and fl subunit held together by non-covalent forces. The fi subunit is also found in the two leukocyte antigens, LFA-1 and p ...
... C4. CR1 has 30 SCR units accounting for its entire extracellular structure. It has a transmembrane segment and a small cytoplasmic domain. CR3 is a heterodimer containing an a and fl subunit held together by non-covalent forces. The fi subunit is also found in the two leukocyte antigens, LFA-1 and p ...
Dynamics of interactions of photosensitizers with lipoproteins and
... In a first step, our aim was to fulfill the set of steady state and dynamic data available on the interactions of the photosensitizers with membranes and LDL, i.e. the major structures involved in the cellular transport of these molecules. The interaction of deuteroporphyrin with membrane-models has ...
... In a first step, our aim was to fulfill the set of steady state and dynamic data available on the interactions of the photosensitizers with membranes and LDL, i.e. the major structures involved in the cellular transport of these molecules. The interaction of deuteroporphyrin with membrane-models has ...
CELL MOTILITY: Spatial and Temporal Regulation of
... specific protein interactions and their regulation within subcellular modules of cellular motility, such as the protrusion of lamellipodia and filopodia, adhesion to the substrate, and retraction of the rear. Now that classification and characterization of small subcellular modules of cell motility ...
... specific protein interactions and their regulation within subcellular modules of cellular motility, such as the protrusion of lamellipodia and filopodia, adhesion to the substrate, and retraction of the rear. Now that classification and characterization of small subcellular modules of cell motility ...
the diversity of plastid - University of Wisconsin Oshkosh
... Found in phloem sieve tubes, relevant in systematics of many plant taxa Found in phloem sieve tubes; systematically relevant; rupture upon damage to sieve tube cell Stolen from algal cells by sea slugs; functionally active for lifetime of slug (up to nine months) Found in parasitic worms that cause ...
... Found in phloem sieve tubes, relevant in systematics of many plant taxa Found in phloem sieve tubes; systematically relevant; rupture upon damage to sieve tube cell Stolen from algal cells by sea slugs; functionally active for lifetime of slug (up to nine months) Found in parasitic worms that cause ...
Actin behavior in bulk cytoplasm is cell cycle regulated in early
... similar for successive waves in the same squash. Waves of organelle-rich gel piled up around the contracted core, where they were visible as a series of bright concentric circles by dark-field microscopy (Fig. 1D, inset in the third panel). To obtain more detailed information on gel movement kinetic ...
... similar for successive waves in the same squash. Waves of organelle-rich gel piled up around the contracted core, where they were visible as a series of bright concentric circles by dark-field microscopy (Fig. 1D, inset in the third panel). To obtain more detailed information on gel movement kinetic ...
Growth Control and Cell Wall Signaling in Plants
... owing to two essential attributes: a large central vacuole, allowing the accumulation of water and solutes, and a strong cell wall. The wall is made primarily of carbohydrates (an abundant building material for a photosynthetic organism) with only a small amount of protein. Cell walls are highly het ...
... owing to two essential attributes: a large central vacuole, allowing the accumulation of water and solutes, and a strong cell wall. The wall is made primarily of carbohydrates (an abundant building material for a photosynthetic organism) with only a small amount of protein. Cell walls are highly het ...
The Arabidopsis Rab GTPase family: another
... would comprise little more than the six basic Rab functions that are common to all eukaryotic kingdoms. ...
... would comprise little more than the six basic Rab functions that are common to all eukaryotic kingdoms. ...
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... Lophotrichous = tuft at one or both ends Peritrichous = spread evenly over the entire surface Arrangement can be useful in identification ...
... Lophotrichous = tuft at one or both ends Peritrichous = spread evenly over the entire surface Arrangement can be useful in identification ...
Research Paper Role of Particle Size in Phagocytosis of Polymeric
... particle concentration; therefore K is independent of unbound particle concentration. This assumption was experimentally verified by measuring K at various particle/cell ratios (from 3 to 1500) for selected particles. K values were indeed independent of unbound particle concentration over a wide ran ...
... particle concentration; therefore K is independent of unbound particle concentration. This assumption was experimentally verified by measuring K at various particle/cell ratios (from 3 to 1500) for selected particles. K values were indeed independent of unbound particle concentration over a wide ran ...
Pavement cell chloroplast behaviour and interactions with other
... Identifying the PCC and creating resources for their characterization The presence of PCC in Arabidopsis was best appreciated when the pavement cells were viewed from a lateral perspective. As shown in Fig. 1 this view was easily achieved for pavement cells lying at the edges of cotyledons and leave ...
... Identifying the PCC and creating resources for their characterization The presence of PCC in Arabidopsis was best appreciated when the pavement cells were viewed from a lateral perspective. As shown in Fig. 1 this view was easily achieved for pavement cells lying at the edges of cotyledons and leave ...
MONODEHYROASCORBATE REDUCTASE4 Is Required for Seed
... that contains an insertion in exon 6 (Figure 2B) was also obtained from the SALK collection (Alonso et al., 2003). This line exhibits the same phenotype as the ethyl methanesulfonate alleles (Figure 1A). To confirm that the phenotype of sdp2-4 is caused by a defect in MDAR4, the mutant was complemen ...
... that contains an insertion in exon 6 (Figure 2B) was also obtained from the SALK collection (Alonso et al., 2003). This line exhibits the same phenotype as the ethyl methanesulfonate alleles (Figure 1A). To confirm that the phenotype of sdp2-4 is caused by a defect in MDAR4, the mutant was complemen ...
Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. It consists of the phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Cell membranes are involved in a variety of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, ion conductivity and cell signalling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures, including the cell wall, glycocalyx, and intracellular cytoskeleton. Cell membranes can be artificially reassembled.