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Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery Systems
Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery Systems

... • Bioadhesion is the state in which two materials, (at least one of which is biological in nature), are held together for a extended period of time by interfacial forces. ...
Temporal modulation of the dynamics of neuronal networks with
Temporal modulation of the dynamics of neuronal networks with

... dynamics. We used an adapting single neuron model that mimics the response of cortical neurons to realistic dynamic synaptic-like currents. We approximated the time-dependent population rate for recurrent networks in an asynchronous irregular state. This constitutes an important step towards a theor ...
Drug-Induced Lupus Erythematosus
Drug-Induced Lupus Erythematosus

... are a form of a Type B reaction. The distinction between Type A and Type B reactions is not always absolutely clear because even in type A reactions the expected adverse effect is not necessarily universal, and in type B reactions the frequency for adverse effects can be widely variable. The purpose ...
Metronidazole
Metronidazole

... They are diploid, a single mutation does not render them resistant. They lack alternative metabolic pathways to PFOR. P-glycoprotein pumps hydrophobic drugs from their cells, but metronidazole is hydrophilic. Pharmacokinetics Metronidazole enters cells by passive diffusion. It is well absorbed after ...
Erroneous Sonographic Identification of Fetal Lateral
Erroneous Sonographic Identification of Fetal Lateral

... "lateral coronal " plane clearly shows that the echogenic lines suspected of repre senting lateral ventricular margins are actually more planar in configuration and lie superior to the uppermost position of the ventricular body (Fig . 1C). In all instances where the three-parallel-line configuration ...
Cox-2-Selective Inhibitors: The New Super Aspirins
Cox-2-Selective Inhibitors: The New Super Aspirins

... price; about 1% of chronic users per year develop ulcers or other serious gastrointestinal complications (Chase, 1998). Because of the widespread use of NSAIDs, these toxicities are one of the most prevalent drug-associated health risks. In December 1998, the first in a new family of cyclooxygenase- ...
formulation and evaluation of meloxicam gels
formulation and evaluation of meloxicam gels

... factors; first, ethanol is a vehicle known to increase the permeation of drugs through the skin either by attacking the dense barrier structure of the skin (24) or by augment the solubility and partitioning of the drug in stratum corneum (25 ). Second, ethanol decreases the viscosity of carpobol gel ...


... The designs of the four relevant M100240 phase I/II studies with available PK data are summarized in Table I. Biomarkers (i.e., quantifiable surrogate markers measuring in vivo drug effect) for ACE and NEP activity were measured in study A only. In this study, subjects were on a fixed-sodium diet (7 ...
hypoglycemics2009-06-17 13:292.4 MB
hypoglycemics2009-06-17 13:292.4 MB

... ● The hypoglycemic effects of pancreatic extract were first published by Kleinerin 1919 ● The isolation of insulin in 1921 by Frederick Grant Banting and Charles H. Best ( in collaboration with JJR Macleod and James B. Collip) led to a revolution in the management of diabetes ...
concentration-dependent effects of neostigmine on the endplate
concentration-dependent effects of neostigmine on the endplate

... The fast and slow time constants obtained from current fluctuation spectra decreased and increased, respectively, with either increases in the concentration of neostigmine or membrane hyperpolarization when analyzed in the same fiber. The effects of neostigmine on channel lifetime were reversible wi ...
Pain Anticoagulation Guidelines
Pain Anticoagulation Guidelines

... surrounding tissue. Previous epidural entry may result in inflammatory changes that cause proliferation of connective tissue, adhesions between the dura mater and the ligamentum flavum, and granulation changes in the ligamentum flavum.31 In addition, it has been suggested that previous surgical inte ...
Phar 722 Pharmacy Practice III
Phar 722 Pharmacy Practice III

... • NOTE: There are reports now appearing that adults who do not go outdoors may need as much as 3000 to 5000 IU per day. However, the number of people in these studies were small and some conclusions are based on retrospective studies. ...
In Vivo Criteria To Differentiate Monoamine Reuptake Inhibitors from
In Vivo Criteria To Differentiate Monoamine Reuptake Inhibitors from

... al., 1995). It is unlikely that this would be a property of releasing agents, assuming that they produce depolarizationindependent release of 5-HT. 4) Because both reuptake inhibitors and releasing agents such as fenfluramine bind to the 5-HT carrier, pretreatment with reuptake inhibitors can attenu ...
Effects of Phenobarbital on Seizure Activity in the Gerbil
Effects of Phenobarbital on Seizure Activity in the Gerbil

... Phenobarbital has been shown to function as both a convulsant the normal handling procedures involved in weighing the animals and an anticonvulsant agent when administered under differing and administering the drug. Such seizures were termed "spontaconditions to seizure-sensitive Mongolian gerbils. ...
Down - 서울대 : Biointelligence lab
Down - 서울대 : Biointelligence lab

... all presynaptic spike trains) in simulation of an IF-neuron with 1000 input channels. The spike trains that lead to the results shown by stars were generated with each weight value fixed to value 0.015. The cross-correlations are consistent with zero when considered within the variance indicated by ...
Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, Second Edition
Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, Second Edition

... – A preganglionic neuron cell body is located within the CNS (brain stem or spinal cord). – Preganglionic fibers (efferent fibers) synapse with a ganglionic neuron located in the PNS – A postganglionic fiber terminates on the effector ...
optical multistage interconnection networks
optical multistage interconnection networks

... So, our entire brain is composed of these interconnected electro-chemical transmitting neurons. From a very large number of extremely simple processing units, each performing a weighted sum of its inputs, and then firing a binary signal if the total input exceeds a certain level, the brain manages ...
ASP2151, a novel helicase–primase inhibitor
ASP2151, a novel helicase–primase inhibitor

... 179 BS, and the thiazole urea derivative, BAY 57-1293, have been reported as helicase–primase inhibitors (HPIs) with anti-HSV activity.13,14 BILS 179 BS has been shown to have 10-fold more potent activity against HSV than aciclovir in vitro, while its in vivo efficacy was comparable to that of acicl ...
Chapter 5.pmd - New Age International
Chapter 5.pmd - New Age International

... acetylcholine is released from the synaptic vesicle into the synaptic cleft and stimulates acetylcholine receptors in the next neuron; electrical changes occur which initiate a further electrical impulse in the next neuron. Each time synaptic contact is made in this way, the neurotransmitter is used ...
TABLE OF CONTENTS - Epilepsy Foundation of Florida
TABLE OF CONTENTS - Epilepsy Foundation of Florida

... in others the cause remains unknown. The most common causes of epilepsy vary at different stages of the life span. 1) In childhood: insults that may occur during birth such as lack of oxygen and an intracranial bleed, inborn errors such as brain malformations and genetic mutations, and infections of ...
NIH Public Access
NIH Public Access

... even occur non-consciously in humans (Bechara and others 1995; Ohman and Soares 1998), PTSD is a uniquely human disorder that involves explicit re-experience of the traumatic event, subjective distress, and complex emotions such as guilt and social detachment. Thus, it is fair to say that fear condi ...
The intentionally unseen: exploring the illicit drug use of non
The intentionally unseen: exploring the illicit drug use of non

... again such populist views and interprets drug use as one of any number of normal activities that people engage. This qualitative research utilising a bricoleur ethnographic methodology focuses on the drug taking of non-treatment seeking illegal drug users. The data reveals that they manage several s ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... made by the experimenter or another monkey. F5 is endowed with an observation/execution matching system [The non-mirror grasp neurons of F5 are called F5 canonical neurons.] Arbib and Itti: CS 664 (University of Southern California, Spring 2002) Integrating Vision, Action and Language ...
BRAIN - ESPN.com
BRAIN - ESPN.com

... Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury can trigger the development of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a progressive neurodegeneration characterized by the widespread deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) as neurofibrillary tangles (Corsellis and Brierley, 1959; Corsellis et al., 1973 ...
Cognitive Deficiencies
Cognitive Deficiencies

... suffering from cognitive deficit. Though an attempt can be made to remove the underlying cause, the damage already done to the brain can rarely be undone. A new drug, Piracetam (2-pyrrolidone acetamide) is claimed to have activation, protection, and function restoring effects on nerve cells in distr ...
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Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
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