• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Handbook of Anti-Tuberculosis Agents
Handbook of Anti-Tuberculosis Agents

... rather than an in-depth comprehensive review of all aspects of TB treatment. For further information on any specific compound or any specific aspect of these compounds, we suggest the reader use this database as a starting point for further literature exploration. This database is divided into section ...
Study protocol
Study protocol

... with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril in patients with essential hypertension Ilkka Tikkanen, Per Omvik* and Henrik Æ. Jensen† for the Scandinavian Study Group‡ Objective: To evaluate the blood pressure lowering efficacy as well as tolerability and safety of the angiotensin II a ...
an-update-of-taste-m.. - Scholars Research Library
an-update-of-taste-m.. - Scholars Research Library

... This techniques is simplest approach for taste masking. But this approach is not very successful for highly bitter drugs. Artificial sweeteners and flavors are generally being used alone with other taste-masking techniques to improve the efficiency of these techniques[10,11]. Eucalyptus oil is a maj ...
Impact of Ignoring Extraction Ratio When Predicting Drug
Impact of Ignoring Extraction Ratio When Predicting Drug

... (the combined effect of inactivation, induction, and inhibition or net change int in intrinsic clearance), EH (hepatic extraction ratio of the victim drug), and other nonhepatic clearance mechanisms such as renal clearance denoted by (1 ⫺ fhep). The contribution of some of these parameters such as f ...
Local Anesthesia in Dentistry
Local Anesthesia in Dentistry

... and post marketing reports conducted by Toma et al11and published in 2015 seems to support the theory that procedural trauma could be the principal underlying cause of paresthesia. Use in Special Populations (Pediatric and ...
drug interactions with calcium channel blockers: possible
drug interactions with calcium channel blockers: possible

... 1⬘-hydroxymidazolam, bufuralol, and 1⬘-hydroxybufuralol were obtained from Ultrafine Chemicals (Manchester, England). Felodipine and amlodipine were obtained in house (Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ). Human liver microsomes pooled from 10 or 15 subjects were obtained from the International ...
A Novel Model for the Prediction of Drug
A Novel Model for the Prediction of Drug

... studying clinical pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions (DDIs) of drugs that are primarily metabolized by CYP3A4/5. However, ketoconazole at therapeutic, high concentrations also inhibits cytochromes P450 (P450) other than CYP3A4/5, which has made the predictions of DDIs less accurate. Determining ...
GLOBAL SMART UPDATE - Descentraliza Drogas
GLOBAL SMART UPDATE - Descentraliza Drogas

... ‘Yucatan Fire’. These products generally do not contain cannabis but rather synthetic cannabinoids which produce cannabis-like effects. Labelled ‘not for human consumption’, these products typically contain dried shredded plant material – which by itself, has no psychoactive properties – that is soa ...
Central projections of the glossopharyngeal and
Central projections of the glossopharyngeal and

... The fish were anesthetized with tricaine methane sulfonate WS-222; 1:7,000) and clamped horizontally in a Plexiglas fish holder. Water containing MS-222 was perfused over the gills. The IX or X nerve branch was dissected free of the surrounding tissue in the gill region and transected, and the centr ...
In Vitro Metabolism of Quinidine: The (3S)-3
In Vitro Metabolism of Quinidine: The (3S)-3

... tion studies and have previously been shown to reduce erythromycinN-demethylase activity by between 60 and 95% (Belloc et al., 1996). Yeast-Expressing Human P-450s. Single-stranded cDNAs were obtained by reverse transcription of human liver mRNAs from CYP1A1, -1A2, -2C8, -2C18, -2C19, -2D6, -2E1, -3 ...
Modafinil decreases anxiety-like behaviour in zebrafish
Modafinil decreases anxiety-like behaviour in zebrafish

... fearful and threatening stimuli through the amygdala (controlling anxiety). However, in other studies, repeated doses of modafinil given to sleep apnea patients (200–400 mg/day, four weeks; Schwartz, Hirshkowitz & Erman, 2003), and narcoleptic patients (400 mg/day, two weeks; Broughton et al., 1997) ...
Pharmacological Effects
Pharmacological Effects

... that xanthones scavenge free radicals and inhibit oxidative stress in post-ischemic myocardium. Addition of xanthine/xanthine oxidase or Fe2+/H2O2 to the reperfusion solution has been found to increase the production of oxygen free radicals and to aggravate injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion. Ma ...
Salvia divinorum and Salvinorin A: An Update on Pharmacology and
Salvia divinorum and Salvinorin A: An Update on Pharmacology and

... Lee at al. [22] evaluated the binding affinities for several compounds isolated from S. divinorum leaves using a hexane, acetone, and methanol extraction procedure. The acetone fraction showed the highest affinity toward the human KOR receptor by competitively inhibiting [23] the diprenorphine bindi ...
Dextromethorphan abuse: Clinical effects
Dextromethorphan abuse: Clinical effects

... oblongata to raise the cough threshold.1 Its specific actions are modulated by central sigma receptor binding.1,3,6 Unlike most opioids, the drug is devoid of activity at mu and delta receptors. When used as an antitussive, typical adult and pediatric doses (>12 years of age) of DM range from 60 to 1 ...
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE SECTION I: COCAINE
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE SECTION I: COCAINE

... Many of its therapeutic applications are obsolete due to the development of safer drugs (Avois, et al., 2006). In the late 1880s and 1890s, cocaine use became popular and many reports of addiction began to emerge, leading to the recognition of its potentially dangerous effects. The Harrison Narcotic ...
View Presentation Document
View Presentation Document

... [Posted 11/17/2009] FDA notified healthcare professionals of new safety information concerning an interaction between  clopidogrel (Plavix), an anti‐clotting medication, and omeprazole (Prilosec/Prilosec OTC), a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used to  reduce stomach acid. New data show that when clopid ...
DRUG ELIMINATION THE KIDNEY Anatomic Considerations
DRUG ELIMINATION THE KIDNEY Anatomic Considerations

Piracetam - Rebound Health
Piracetam - Rebound Health

... Piracetam's mechanism of action, as with racetams in general, is not fully understood. The drug influences neuronal and vascular functions and influences cognitive function without acting as a sedative or stimulant.[4] Piracetam is a positive allosteric modulator of the AMPA receptor.[14] It is hypo ...
Role for epithelial Na channels and putative Na /H
Role for epithelial Na channels and putative Na /H

... Na1/H1 exchange antagonists on chorda tympani nerve responses to NaCl in gerbils; the antagonists were found to be relatively ineffective agents (24). Peripheral nerve recordings provide an indirect assessment of transcellular events occurring on the plasma membrane of taste receptor cells that can ...
Liposomal drug delivery systems: From concept to clinical applications
Liposomal drug delivery systems: From concept to clinical applications

... substantially reduced their distribution to other tissues of the body, and were also implicated in toxicities to the MPS organs [65–67]. Initially, attempts were made to increase the circulation half-life of ‘classical’ liposomes by MPS blockade using large pre-doses of liposomes that contained no d ...
Developing an Animal Model of Polysubstance Abuse in Adolescence
Developing an Animal Model of Polysubstance Abuse in Adolescence

... Figure 15: Acute Pretreatment MK-801 Into the NAcc Did Not Block Cocaine CPP Across Development .........................................................................................................68 Figure 16: Schematic Representation of Cannula Placement within the Nucleus Accumbens....69 ...
Archive 2014
Archive 2014

... our students also participated and won in individual events at Rx 2014. We congratulate all the students who actively participated and won in various events. The M.Pharm.Sc. students also came up with few research publications under the guidance of their research guide. We had a Blood Donation Camp ...
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex: A Bottom-Up View
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex: A Bottom-Up View

... in layer V. This view, if true, would invalidate a great deal of dACC neurophysiology. By Vogt’s schema, then, the dorsal CMA is misnamed; it is not a cingulate motor area but, instead, is part of area 6. However, one problem with this classification is that the CMAs have seemingly clear human homol ...
Skin Barrier and Transdermal Drug Delivery
Skin Barrier and Transdermal Drug Delivery

... lipids in normal stratum corneum are sequestered within the extracellular spaces, where this lipid-enriched matrix is organized into lamellar membranes that surround the corneocytes3. Hence, rather than stratum corneum thickness, variations in number of lamellar membranes (= lipid weight %), membran ...
Treatment Emergent SE - Oregon Psychiatric Association
Treatment Emergent SE - Oregon Psychiatric Association

... of behavioral symptoms. The intervention (chronotherapy combined with a behavior modification program) resulted in an increase of sleep from 7.2 to 9.2 hours per night. Pre/postintervention behavioral measures indicated significant improvement in positive interactions with peers, increased productiv ...
< 1 ... 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 ... 1329 >

Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report