C fibres (dull pain)
... The conclusion was drawn that the pain experienced by these men was blocked by emotional factors. The physical injuries that these men had received was an escape from the life-threatening environment of battle to the safety of a hospital, or even release form the war. This relationship suggests th ...
... The conclusion was drawn that the pain experienced by these men was blocked by emotional factors. The physical injuries that these men had received was an escape from the life-threatening environment of battle to the safety of a hospital, or even release form the war. This relationship suggests th ...
The History and Implications of Testing Thalidomide on
... upon a number of factors including the lipophilicity of the drug. All drugs do not, in fact, cross the placenta. For example, polar molecules such as muscle relaxants (like curare) do not cross.) Thiersch [42-44], in the 1950s, had shown repeatedly that some drugs could cross the placenta and cause ...
... upon a number of factors including the lipophilicity of the drug. All drugs do not, in fact, cross the placenta. For example, polar molecules such as muscle relaxants (like curare) do not cross.) Thiersch [42-44], in the 1950s, had shown repeatedly that some drugs could cross the placenta and cause ...
Can You Smell That? Anatomy and Physiology of Smell
... near the basement membrane from which the other cell types arise ...
... near the basement membrane from which the other cell types arise ...
the-senses-of-smell-and-taste
... • The cochlea is a bony tube that contains fluids as well as neurons that move in response to the vibrations of the fluids. • The movement generates neural impulses that are transmitted to the brain via the auditory nerve. • Within the brain, auditory input is projected onto the hearing areas of the ...
... • The cochlea is a bony tube that contains fluids as well as neurons that move in response to the vibrations of the fluids. • The movement generates neural impulses that are transmitted to the brain via the auditory nerve. • Within the brain, auditory input is projected onto the hearing areas of the ...
Review and Recommendations for Drug Testing in Substance Use
... its viscous nature. Other collecting methods include using an absorbent pad to collect oral fluid, which can then be added to a diluent; the diluent is used in the drug analysis. It takes approximately 1-3 minutes to collect saliva using an absorbent pad. Another method, Drug Wipe can be used to jus ...
... its viscous nature. Other collecting methods include using an absorbent pad to collect oral fluid, which can then be added to a diluent; the diluent is used in the drug analysis. It takes approximately 1-3 minutes to collect saliva using an absorbent pad. Another method, Drug Wipe can be used to jus ...
An Overview of the Biological Effects of Focused Ultrasound Abstract
... A significant amount of recent scientific work has been devoted to optimizing the various types of carrier vehicles such as microbubbles, liposomes, and nanoparticles. Release of drugs from microbubbles (i.e. ultrasound contrast agents) can be readily monitored in real time using ultrasound imaging. ...
... A significant amount of recent scientific work has been devoted to optimizing the various types of carrier vehicles such as microbubbles, liposomes, and nanoparticles. Release of drugs from microbubbles (i.e. ultrasound contrast agents) can be readily monitored in real time using ultrasound imaging. ...
CHAPTER 1 Introduction
... adults (Maubert et al., 1998, Ricke et al., 2000, Rogerson et al., 2007). During normal pregnancy the cytokine balance is shifted towards a Th2-type response to ensure a safe pregnancy, while in malaria infected pregnancies the balance is shifted towards Th1 as a result of the malarial infection. Ma ...
... adults (Maubert et al., 1998, Ricke et al., 2000, Rogerson et al., 2007). During normal pregnancy the cytokine balance is shifted towards a Th2-type response to ensure a safe pregnancy, while in malaria infected pregnancies the balance is shifted towards Th1 as a result of the malarial infection. Ma ...
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... auditory channel (cochlear place), and estimates are then combined across channels (Licklider, 1951; Meddis and O’Mard, 1997; de Cheveigné, 2010). Sound periodicity is indeed accurately reflected in the patterns of spikes produced by auditory nerve fibers (Cariani and Delgutte, 1996a, 1996b; Cedolin ...
... auditory channel (cochlear place), and estimates are then combined across channels (Licklider, 1951; Meddis and O’Mard, 1997; de Cheveigné, 2010). Sound periodicity is indeed accurately reflected in the patterns of spikes produced by auditory nerve fibers (Cariani and Delgutte, 1996a, 1996b; Cedolin ...
Vestibular System: The Many Facets of a
... explore and comprehend the enormous range of physical motions experienced in everyday life. The vestibular system differs from other senses in many respects. Most notably, central vestibular processing is highly convergent and strongly multimodal. For example, canal/otolith interactions take place i ...
... explore and comprehend the enormous range of physical motions experienced in everyday life. The vestibular system differs from other senses in many respects. Most notably, central vestibular processing is highly convergent and strongly multimodal. For example, canal/otolith interactions take place i ...
Free recall and recognition in a network model of the... simulating effects of scopolamine on human memory function
... simulations of neurons, synaptic connections, and the effects of acetylcholine. Simulations focus on modeling the effects of the acetylcholine receptor blocker scopolamine on human memory. Systemic administration of scopolamine is modeled by blockade of the cellular effects of acetylcholine in the m ...
... simulations of neurons, synaptic connections, and the effects of acetylcholine. Simulations focus on modeling the effects of the acetylcholine receptor blocker scopolamine on human memory. Systemic administration of scopolamine is modeled by blockade of the cellular effects of acetylcholine in the m ...
Convergent grey and white matter evidence of
... et al., 1998), but the differentiation from other dementias remains difficult with standard neuropsychological and imaging tools (Gregory et al., 1997; Torralva et al., 2009). This is particularly true for the behavioural subtype of FTD (behavioural variant FTD), in which patients present with chang ...
... et al., 1998), but the differentiation from other dementias remains difficult with standard neuropsychological and imaging tools (Gregory et al., 1997; Torralva et al., 2009). This is particularly true for the behavioural subtype of FTD (behavioural variant FTD), in which patients present with chang ...
Title: What is Pitch, and How is it Perceived in the Brain
... Another interesting fact to point out about pitch is that no animal can hear a pitch for every frequency that exists (Levitin, 2006, pp 24). A human, can on average, hear sounds from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. To put this into perspective, the lowest key on a piano’s keyboard sounds at 27.5 Hz, and one of ...
... Another interesting fact to point out about pitch is that no animal can hear a pitch for every frequency that exists (Levitin, 2006, pp 24). A human, can on average, hear sounds from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. To put this into perspective, the lowest key on a piano’s keyboard sounds at 27.5 Hz, and one of ...
ASHP Guidelines on Surgery and Anesthesi
... controlled-substance use has often been handled by personnel other than those administering the drugs. More important, without direct pharmacist involvement, patient-related issues that are best addressed by a pharmacist usually have been handled by other health care personnel out of necessity. ASHP ...
... controlled-substance use has often been handled by personnel other than those administering the drugs. More important, without direct pharmacist involvement, patient-related issues that are best addressed by a pharmacist usually have been handled by other health care personnel out of necessity. ASHP ...
ROLE OF EARLY ACOUSTIC EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPMENT OF THE RAT by
... termination of the sensory restriction (Cynader, Berman, & Hein, 1976; Wiesel & Hubel, 1965). 1.2 Critical Periods in Development Most experience-dependent neocortical changes occur during specific temporal periods when the functional and structural properties of neurons are particularly susceptible ...
... termination of the sensory restriction (Cynader, Berman, & Hein, 1976; Wiesel & Hubel, 1965). 1.2 Critical Periods in Development Most experience-dependent neocortical changes occur during specific temporal periods when the functional and structural properties of neurons are particularly susceptible ...
International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research
... In this type of patch the role of adhesive layer not only serves to adhere the various layers together but also serves as release vapour. The vapour patches are new to the market, commonly used for releasing of essential oils in decongestion. Various other types of vapor patches are also available i ...
... In this type of patch the role of adhesive layer not only serves to adhere the various layers together but also serves as release vapour. The vapour patches are new to the market, commonly used for releasing of essential oils in decongestion. Various other types of vapor patches are also available i ...
synta-madrigal-merger-announcement-press-release
... of Directors and will join Madrigal as an executive. Pursuant to the merger agreement, Dr. Friedman, the former Chief Executive Officer of Incyte Pharmaceuticals, will become Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the combined company. Dr. Taub will assume the newly created role of Ch ...
... of Directors and will join Madrigal as an executive. Pursuant to the merger agreement, Dr. Friedman, the former Chief Executive Officer of Incyte Pharmaceuticals, will become Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the combined company. Dr. Taub will assume the newly created role of Ch ...
Prefrontal cortex in humans and apes: A comparative study of area 10
... wide, its cells have a homogeneous distribution, and a slight size gradient is evident as one approaches layer IV. The pyramids are darkly stained. Layer IV is clearly evident, but thin, and includes small cells with medium staining. Its borders with layers III and V are easily seen. Layer Va includ ...
... wide, its cells have a homogeneous distribution, and a slight size gradient is evident as one approaches layer IV. The pyramids are darkly stained. Layer IV is clearly evident, but thin, and includes small cells with medium staining. Its borders with layers III and V are easily seen. Layer Va includ ...
the axon hillock and the initial segment
... ficial examination the plasmalemma seems to be reduplicated or thickened. But the undercoating is not really a part of the limiting membrane; instead, it is a thin layer of powdery densities, about 100 A thick, separated from the surface membrane by a clear interval of about 30 A (Figs. 3 and 5). As ...
... ficial examination the plasmalemma seems to be reduplicated or thickened. But the undercoating is not really a part of the limiting membrane; instead, it is a thin layer of powdery densities, about 100 A thick, separated from the surface membrane by a clear interval of about 30 A (Figs. 3 and 5). As ...
Axonal Localization of Integrins in the CNS Is Neuronal Type and
... The regenerative ability of CNS axons decreases with age, however, this ability remains largely intact in PNS axons throughout adulthood. These differences are likely to correspond with agerelated silencing of proteins necessary for axon growth and elongation. In previous studies, it has been shown ...
... The regenerative ability of CNS axons decreases with age, however, this ability remains largely intact in PNS axons throughout adulthood. These differences are likely to correspond with agerelated silencing of proteins necessary for axon growth and elongation. In previous studies, it has been shown ...
Research Report Series: MDMA (Ecstasy) Abuse
... MDMA can affect the brain by altering the activity of chemical messengers, or neurotransmitters, which enable nerve cells in many regions of the brain to communicate with one another. Research in animals has shown that MDMA in moderate to high doses can be toxic to nerve cells that contain serotonin ...
... MDMA can affect the brain by altering the activity of chemical messengers, or neurotransmitters, which enable nerve cells in many regions of the brain to communicate with one another. Research in animals has shown that MDMA in moderate to high doses can be toxic to nerve cells that contain serotonin ...
Peptidomimetic Therapeutic Agents Targeting the
... and computational studies have provided valuable insight in to the free-state preorganization of peptidomimetic ligands and their enzyme-bound conformation. Researchers have designed a variety of novel bioisosteric replacements of amino acids and short peptides that contain all of the required pharm ...
... and computational studies have provided valuable insight in to the free-state preorganization of peptidomimetic ligands and their enzyme-bound conformation. Researchers have designed a variety of novel bioisosteric replacements of amino acids and short peptides that contain all of the required pharm ...
New insights into enhancing morphine analgesia Tuomas
... glutamate transporters (Pasternak, 2007). Moreover, a counter-regulatory antiopioid system could be involved, including neuromodulators such as cholecystokinin or dynorphin (Xie et al., 2005). The formation of heterodimeric receptor complexes between mu-opioid and other receptors, such as the alpha- ...
... glutamate transporters (Pasternak, 2007). Moreover, a counter-regulatory antiopioid system could be involved, including neuromodulators such as cholecystokinin or dynorphin (Xie et al., 2005). The formation of heterodimeric receptor complexes between mu-opioid and other receptors, such as the alpha- ...
Predominance of Movement Speed Over Direction in Neuronal
... Stegun 1970) from the recorded position. All kinematic variables were normalized to their standard deviation (SD) and smoothed (eighth order Butterworth with 10-Hz cut-off frequency and zero-phase shift), with the exception of movement direction. The directional vector was derived by normalization t ...
... Stegun 1970) from the recorded position. All kinematic variables were normalized to their standard deviation (SD) and smoothed (eighth order Butterworth with 10-Hz cut-off frequency and zero-phase shift), with the exception of movement direction. The directional vector was derived by normalization t ...
Phasic Activation of Individual Neurons in the Locus Ceruleus
... Neurons in the brainstem nucleus locus ceruleus (LC) often exhibit phasic activation in the context of simple sensory-motor tasks. The functional role of this activation, which leads to the release of norepinephrine throughout the brain, is not yet understood in part because the conditions under whi ...
... Neurons in the brainstem nucleus locus ceruleus (LC) often exhibit phasic activation in the context of simple sensory-motor tasks. The functional role of this activation, which leads to the release of norepinephrine throughout the brain, is not yet understood in part because the conditions under whi ...
The Background and Chemistry ofMDMA
... treated rats (subcutaneous administrations twice daily for four days at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) led to extensive decrease of hippocampal serotonin levels as seen in post- ...
... treated rats (subcutaneous administrations twice daily for four days at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) led to extensive decrease of hippocampal serotonin levels as seen in post- ...