Reductions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives - IDC
... The use of lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as reagents for the reduction of aldehydes and ketones to 1º and 2º-alcohols respectively has been noted. Of these, lithium aluminum hydride, often abbreviated LAH, is the most useful for reducing carboxylic acid derivatives ...
... The use of lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as reagents for the reduction of aldehydes and ketones to 1º and 2º-alcohols respectively has been noted. Of these, lithium aluminum hydride, often abbreviated LAH, is the most useful for reducing carboxylic acid derivatives ...
Recent Advances in the Measurement of Enantiomeric Excesses
... by zinc-diol complexes ZnL*A* which produces chiral 1-phenylpropanol (13). First, it was confirmed that the g factor is proportional to the enantiomeric excess of (S)13 and that there is no concentration effect. Thus, on the basis of this system, the authors screened alkylation reactions with a seri ...
... by zinc-diol complexes ZnL*A* which produces chiral 1-phenylpropanol (13). First, it was confirmed that the g factor is proportional to the enantiomeric excess of (S)13 and that there is no concentration effect. Thus, on the basis of this system, the authors screened alkylation reactions with a seri ...
![Synthesis of [RuCl2(NO)2(THF)] and its Double CN BondForming](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/001773792_1-763ad0089529123821e01ed17077bbf2-300x300.png)
Synthesis of [RuCl2(NO)2(THF)] and its Double CN BondForming
... investigation, methods for controlling the reactivity of nitric oxide at transition-metal centers have received considerably less attention.[1–3] For example, the migratory insertion of NO into metal–alkyl or metal–aryl bonds has been observed in only a handful of metal complexes,[3] despite the ana ...
... investigation, methods for controlling the reactivity of nitric oxide at transition-metal centers have received considerably less attention.[1–3] For example, the migratory insertion of NO into metal–alkyl or metal–aryl bonds has been observed in only a handful of metal complexes,[3] despite the ana ...
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
... Alcohols and Phenols :Alcohols and phenols are formed when a hydrogen atom in hydrocarbon, aliphatic and aromatic respectively, is replaced by hydroxyl group (-OHgroup). Classification of Alcohols and Phenols In alcohols, -OH group is attached to Sp3 hybridised carbon. These alcohols are usually cla ...
... Alcohols and Phenols :Alcohols and phenols are formed when a hydrogen atom in hydrocarbon, aliphatic and aromatic respectively, is replaced by hydroxyl group (-OHgroup). Classification of Alcohols and Phenols In alcohols, -OH group is attached to Sp3 hybridised carbon. These alcohols are usually cla ...
Organic Synthesis - National Open University of Nigeria
... the bottle with a small beaker as a protection against dust. If manganese dioxide precipitates on standing, refilter before use. ...
... the bottle with a small beaker as a protection against dust. If manganese dioxide precipitates on standing, refilter before use. ...
Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation by Reductive Coupling with
... Oxidative Addition, Carbonyl and Benzylic Halide Substrates Titanium(II) bis(tetrahydrofuran) 1, generated by the treatm ent of TiCl4 in TH F with two equivalents of n-butyllithium at -7 8 °C, has been found to form carbon-carbon bonds with a variety of organic substrates by reductive coupling. Diph ...
... Oxidative Addition, Carbonyl and Benzylic Halide Substrates Titanium(II) bis(tetrahydrofuran) 1, generated by the treatm ent of TiCl4 in TH F with two equivalents of n-butyllithium at -7 8 °C, has been found to form carbon-carbon bonds with a variety of organic substrates by reductive coupling. Diph ...
ALKANE ALKYL HALIDE Halogenation of Alkanes
... alkoxides are formed by reacting alcohols with NaH, Na (methyl, 1o) or K (2o) 3o alcohols cannot be used as they are too bulky to react in ...
... alkoxides are formed by reacting alcohols with NaH, Na (methyl, 1o) or K (2o) 3o alcohols cannot be used as they are too bulky to react in ...
Montmorillonite: An efficient, heterogeneous and
... An extensive study has been made of a wide range of organic reactions catalyzed by clay minerals (see, e.g., Fripiat and Cruz-Cumplido, 1974; Theng, 1974; Thomas et al., 1977; Bittles et al., 1964a, 1964b, 1964c). Recently, renewed interest has been shown in the use of natural and synthetic smectiti ...
... An extensive study has been made of a wide range of organic reactions catalyzed by clay minerals (see, e.g., Fripiat and Cruz-Cumplido, 1974; Theng, 1974; Thomas et al., 1977; Bittles et al., 1964a, 1964b, 1964c). Recently, renewed interest has been shown in the use of natural and synthetic smectiti ...
Liquid-gas phase-boundary catalytic system
... simulation theory. The use of TiO2 as inorganic precursor and organic surfactant, however, has not been reported. In our recent report [5 ], well-aligned titanium dioxide was successfully synthesized by sol-gel method by using tetra-n-butyl orthotitanate (TBOT) as titanium dioxide precursor. Wellali ...
... simulation theory. The use of TiO2 as inorganic precursor and organic surfactant, however, has not been reported. In our recent report [5 ], well-aligned titanium dioxide was successfully synthesized by sol-gel method by using tetra-n-butyl orthotitanate (TBOT) as titanium dioxide precursor. Wellali ...
Asymmetric Synthesis: Substrate and Auxiliary Control
... ▪ New synthetic methods mean that some other chiral molecules are now extremely cheap, and are now considered as a new chiral pool. ...
... ▪ New synthetic methods mean that some other chiral molecules are now extremely cheap, and are now considered as a new chiral pool. ...
Catalytic, Enantioselective Alkylations of N,O- and
... Mechanism. To our surprise, the use of one equiv enol silane 4a with N,O-acetal l a did not lead to product 5a with 5 mol% 2; however, when two equiv were used, product 5a was formed in good yield. Although silyl ketene acetals can be quenched through silyl transfer reactions with alcohols, enol sil ...
... Mechanism. To our surprise, the use of one equiv enol silane 4a with N,O-acetal l a did not lead to product 5a with 5 mol% 2; however, when two equiv were used, product 5a was formed in good yield. Although silyl ketene acetals can be quenched through silyl transfer reactions with alcohols, enol sil ...
Addition Reactions of Carbonyls Part 1
... Because lithium is even less electronegative than magnesium, alkyllithium reagents are even more nucleophilic and even more basic than Grignard reagents. n-Butyllithium and t-butyllithium are often used to remove hydrogen atoms you really wouldn’t consider to be particularly acidic – such as the hyd ...
... Because lithium is even less electronegative than magnesium, alkyllithium reagents are even more nucleophilic and even more basic than Grignard reagents. n-Butyllithium and t-butyllithium are often used to remove hydrogen atoms you really wouldn’t consider to be particularly acidic – such as the hyd ...
Catalysts 1
... Abstract: A variety of primary alcohols and phenols were reacted with acetic anhydride at room temperature in the presence of sodium bicarbonate to produce corresponding esters in good to excellent yields. The acetylation of 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol was also carried out using other bicarbonates and car ...
... Abstract: A variety of primary alcohols and phenols were reacted with acetic anhydride at room temperature in the presence of sodium bicarbonate to produce corresponding esters in good to excellent yields. The acetylation of 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol was also carried out using other bicarbonates and car ...
Mannich Reaction - SUST Repository
... mainly able to give stable Mannich products5.C-,N-,O- and SMannich bases are known. C- Mannich bases such as : R-(C=O)-C-CH2N ,Z-C (Z= carboxy ,Nitro,N-hetroaryl,etc),Z=C (Z=R2C,RN) , R-C=C-, phOH , Z-C-(hetrocycle ) (Z=N,O,etc) N- Mannich bases such as : R2N-CH2-N , R-(C=Z)-N (Z=S,O) O-,S- Mannich ...
... mainly able to give stable Mannich products5.C-,N-,O- and SMannich bases are known. C- Mannich bases such as : R-(C=O)-C-CH2N ,Z-C (Z= carboxy ,Nitro,N-hetroaryl,etc),Z=C (Z=R2C,RN) , R-C=C-, phOH , Z-C-(hetrocycle ) (Z=N,O,etc) N- Mannich bases such as : R2N-CH2-N , R-(C=Z)-N (Z=S,O) O-,S- Mannich ...
Organic compounds containing Nitrogen
... Very Short Answer Questions 1. Aniline does not undergo Friedal-Craft’s reaction. Justify? Ans. Aniline forms salt with Friedal-Craft’s catalyst AlCl3. In this salt ‘N’ atom acquires positive charge and acts as strong deactivating group. Hence, the reactivity is decreased. ...
... Very Short Answer Questions 1. Aniline does not undergo Friedal-Craft’s reaction. Justify? Ans. Aniline forms salt with Friedal-Craft’s catalyst AlCl3. In this salt ‘N’ atom acquires positive charge and acts as strong deactivating group. Hence, the reactivity is decreased. ...
3.2 Synthesis Part 1 Notes - Chemistry Teaching Resources
... Also covered in Higher Chemistry, the production of an alkylhalide can be a significan step in Synthesis as it opens up the route to a variety of other molecules - ethers, alcohols, amines, acids etc. Alkynes will have a similar addition reaction but will be able to react with 2 moles of halogen. ...
... Also covered in Higher Chemistry, the production of an alkylhalide can be a significan step in Synthesis as it opens up the route to a variety of other molecules - ethers, alcohols, amines, acids etc. Alkynes will have a similar addition reaction but will be able to react with 2 moles of halogen. ...
Chlorotrimethylsilane/Sodium Iodide, a
... a reagent with a weak Si-X bond and react it with an appropriate oxygen-containing organic molecule to form a siliconoxygen bonded intermediate, which then can be transformed to another product in a subsequent step. One such reagent developed in our l a b o r a t o r i e ~ , as ...
... a reagent with a weak Si-X bond and react it with an appropriate oxygen-containing organic molecule to form a siliconoxygen bonded intermediate, which then can be transformed to another product in a subsequent step. One such reagent developed in our l a b o r a t o r i e ~ , as ...
Şenol, O.İ., Viljava, T.-R., Krause, AOI
... the deesterification reaction yields carboxylic acids and methanol. The water required for the reaction may be supplied by the dehydration of the alcohols in path I. The formed carboxylic acids are either reduced to alcohol releasing a mole of water or decarboxylated to alkenes followed by hydrogena ...
... the deesterification reaction yields carboxylic acids and methanol. The water required for the reaction may be supplied by the dehydration of the alcohols in path I. The formed carboxylic acids are either reduced to alcohol releasing a mole of water or decarboxylated to alkenes followed by hydrogena ...
Chapter 19 - people.vcu.edu
... o The acid chloride is more reactive than ketones and aldehydes, and amines are not nucleophilic enough to add to the amide formed in the substitution. o Acylating aniline is a way to maintain the ortho-, para-directingness of the –NH2 and the acyl group is easily removed by acid hydrolysis. ...
... o The acid chloride is more reactive than ketones and aldehydes, and amines are not nucleophilic enough to add to the amide formed in the substitution. o Acylating aniline is a way to maintain the ortho-, para-directingness of the –NH2 and the acyl group is easily removed by acid hydrolysis. ...
Carbonyl compounds
... so that the two homologous series are more conveniently considered together. However, the attachment of a hydrogen to the carbonyl group of an aldehyde does give it certain properties which ketones do not share, and which enables the two families of organic compounds to be distinguished from one ano ...
... so that the two homologous series are more conveniently considered together. However, the attachment of a hydrogen to the carbonyl group of an aldehyde does give it certain properties which ketones do not share, and which enables the two families of organic compounds to be distinguished from one ano ...
Baylis–Hillman reaction
The Baylis–Hillman reaction is a carbon-carbon bond forming reaction between the α-position of an activated alkene and an aldehyde, or generally a carbon electrophile. Employing a nucleophilic catalyst, such as tertiary amine and phosphine, this reaction provides a densely functionalized product (e.g. functionalized allyl alcohol in the case of aldehyde as the electrophile). This reaction is also known as the Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction or MBH reaction. It is named for the Japanese chemist Ken-ichi Morita, the British chemist Anthony B. Baylis and the German chemist Melville E. D. Hillman.DABCO is one of the most frequently used tertiary amine catalysts for this reaction. In addition, nucleophilic amines such as DMAP and DBU as well as phosphines have been found to successfully catalyze this reaction.MBH reaction has several advantages as a useful synthetic method: 1) It is an atom-economic coupling of easily prepared starting materials. 2) Reaction of a pro-chiral electrophile generates a chiral center, therefore an asymmetric synthesis is possible. 3) Reaction products usually contain multiple functionalities in a proximity so that a variety of further transformations are possible. 4) It can employ a nucleophilic organo-catalytic system without the use of heavy metal under mild conditions.Several reviews have been written.