The Endogenous Citric Acid-Cycle Intermediates and Amino Acids
... indicator paper, British Drug Houses Ltd.). The mitochondrial suspension became translucent and particles of mitochondrial size (0-5-3,u) could no longer be seen with the light-microscope. After incubation the pH was between 7 and 8, indicating that most of the free NH3 had been evolved. The mixture ...
... indicator paper, British Drug Houses Ltd.). The mitochondrial suspension became translucent and particles of mitochondrial size (0-5-3,u) could no longer be seen with the light-microscope. After incubation the pH was between 7 and 8, indicating that most of the free NH3 had been evolved. The mixture ...
Sequence Note Complete 59 Long Terminal Repeat, nef,
... TV004, TV010, and TV014 have a putative serine residue instead of the prevalently conserved cysteine. Similarly to Tat, Rev shows well-conserved amino acid sequences with some variation in the C-terminal region and intact reading frames in all isolates (Fig. 3C). The truncation in exon 2 of Rev at p ...
... TV004, TV010, and TV014 have a putative serine residue instead of the prevalently conserved cysteine. Similarly to Tat, Rev shows well-conserved amino acid sequences with some variation in the C-terminal region and intact reading frames in all isolates (Fig. 3C). The truncation in exon 2 of Rev at p ...
NITROGEN METABOLISM
... In legumes, nitrogen fixation occurs in specialized bodies called root nodules. The nodules develop due to interaction between the bacteria Rhizobium and the legume roots (see diagram 6.4c). The biochemical steps for nitrogen fixation are same. Notes However, legume nodules possess special protein c ...
... In legumes, nitrogen fixation occurs in specialized bodies called root nodules. The nodules develop due to interaction between the bacteria Rhizobium and the legume roots (see diagram 6.4c). The biochemical steps for nitrogen fixation are same. Notes However, legume nodules possess special protein c ...
Evolution of hard proteins in the sauropsid integument in relation to
... layer of flat cells that are incorporated into a variably thick corneous layer (depending on the type of scales) (Fig. 1I). In archosaurians (crocodilians and birds), the process of shedding of epidermal layers is not specifically known. However, the presence of a scission layer in avian scales (Can ...
... layer of flat cells that are incorporated into a variably thick corneous layer (depending on the type of scales) (Fig. 1I). In archosaurians (crocodilians and birds), the process of shedding of epidermal layers is not specifically known. However, the presence of a scission layer in avian scales (Can ...
Nutrition, Anabolism, and the Wound Healing Process: An Overview
... Protein pathway Protein when consumed is metabolized into amino acids and peptides. With normal anabolic hormone activity, nearly all of the protein by-products are used for protein synthesis, not for energy. Only 5% is typically used for energy. However, energy is required for the protein synthesis ...
... Protein pathway Protein when consumed is metabolized into amino acids and peptides. With normal anabolic hormone activity, nearly all of the protein by-products are used for protein synthesis, not for energy. Only 5% is typically used for energy. However, energy is required for the protein synthesis ...
TITLE : BLAST
... Megablast is one types of nucleotide BLAST algorithm. This algorithm specifies to identify an unknown query/sequence that has been inserted by user whether the query/sequence already exists in other public database. Furthermore, megablast used to compare two large sets of sequences swiftly. Besides ...
... Megablast is one types of nucleotide BLAST algorithm. This algorithm specifies to identify an unknown query/sequence that has been inserted by user whether the query/sequence already exists in other public database. Furthermore, megablast used to compare two large sets of sequences swiftly. Besides ...
Chapter 1 - Research Explorer
... Organic acidemias are an important group of inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs), which mainly involve defects in the catabolism and related intermediary pathways of carbohydrates, amino acids and fatty acids. Some organic acidemias can be treated with a relatively high success rate, but this may depe ...
... Organic acidemias are an important group of inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs), which mainly involve defects in the catabolism and related intermediary pathways of carbohydrates, amino acids and fatty acids. Some organic acidemias can be treated with a relatively high success rate, but this may depe ...
Whey Products - New Zealand Institute of Chemistry
... Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) is produced using ultrafiltration. This is also a membrane separation, but it selects on the basis of molecular size and is driven by pressure rather than by applied electric field as in the case of electrodialysis. Ultrafiltration retains (in the liquid product termed ...
... Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) is produced using ultrafiltration. This is also a membrane separation, but it selects on the basis of molecular size and is driven by pressure rather than by applied electric field as in the case of electrodialysis. Ultrafiltration retains (in the liquid product termed ...
Adaptation to hypoxia alters energy metabolism in rat - AJP
... nine volumes of cold medium consisting of 50 mM KH2PO4, 2 mM MgCl2, 1 mM EDTA, and 0.5 mM dithiothreitol, pH 7.4. After preparation, homogenates were kept on ice; they were used within 4 h. Reaction rates were monitored spectrophotometrically (model Lambda 18, Perkin-Elmer, Norwalk, CT) at 340 nm at ...
... nine volumes of cold medium consisting of 50 mM KH2PO4, 2 mM MgCl2, 1 mM EDTA, and 0.5 mM dithiothreitol, pH 7.4. After preparation, homogenates were kept on ice; they were used within 4 h. Reaction rates were monitored spectrophotometrically (model Lambda 18, Perkin-Elmer, Norwalk, CT) at 340 nm at ...
Cloning and analysis of the mobile element gypsy from D. virilis
... D. virilis are presented in Fig. 1A. This element consists of 7156 bp and contains two 411 bp long LTRs. In the central part of the element we have found three ORFs whose sizes, sequences and locations correspond to those of the D. melanogaster element (Fig. IB). The very high homology between amino ...
... D. virilis are presented in Fig. 1A. This element consists of 7156 bp and contains two 411 bp long LTRs. In the central part of the element we have found three ORFs whose sizes, sequences and locations correspond to those of the D. melanogaster element (Fig. IB). The very high homology between amino ...
PROPERTIES OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
... cyanate, NH4CNO, he changed the definition of organic chemistry. Today, the term organic chemistry refers to the chemistry of millions of carbon compounds. Theory of chemical structure of organic compounds was formulated by Butlerov A.M. in 1861. The importance of this theory for organic chemistry i ...
... cyanate, NH4CNO, he changed the definition of organic chemistry. Today, the term organic chemistry refers to the chemistry of millions of carbon compounds. Theory of chemical structure of organic compounds was formulated by Butlerov A.M. in 1861. The importance of this theory for organic chemistry i ...
Generation Means Analysis of the Twin
... Estimation of genetic effects that control a plant trait can be accomplished with a generation means analysis. Generation means analysis is a very useful tool because genetic information is lacking regarding the twin-ear trait in maize. Our objective was to evaluate the genetic effects for twin-ear ...
... Estimation of genetic effects that control a plant trait can be accomplished with a generation means analysis. Generation means analysis is a very useful tool because genetic information is lacking regarding the twin-ear trait in maize. Our objective was to evaluate the genetic effects for twin-ear ...
Metabolic fate and effects of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in
... has substrate specificity for fatty acids, with higher activity for ot-linolenate than for oleate or palmitate (4,5). Hence, in rat liver the substrate specificity of CPT I regulates the rate of oxidation of individual fatty acids within the mitochondrion. Fao rat hepatoma cells have been reported t ...
... has substrate specificity for fatty acids, with higher activity for ot-linolenate than for oleate or palmitate (4,5). Hence, in rat liver the substrate specificity of CPT I regulates the rate of oxidation of individual fatty acids within the mitochondrion. Fao rat hepatoma cells have been reported t ...
Interactions between lactic and propionic acid bacteria
... Changes in amino acid composition of whey during fermentation The free amino acid composition of control and RR wheys are shown in figure 3. Arginine and phenylalanine were not detected in either whey. Some amino acids (eg alanine, methionine, isoleucine, tyrosine, histidine and proline), which were ...
... Changes in amino acid composition of whey during fermentation The free amino acid composition of control and RR wheys are shown in figure 3. Arginine and phenylalanine were not detected in either whey. Some amino acids (eg alanine, methionine, isoleucine, tyrosine, histidine and proline), which were ...
Amino Acid Catabolism: C
... by hydrolysis catalyzed by Asparaginase. This yields aspartate, which can be converted to oxaloacetate, e.g., by transamination. ...
... by hydrolysis catalyzed by Asparaginase. This yields aspartate, which can be converted to oxaloacetate, e.g., by transamination. ...
Escherichia coli rpoB Mutants Have Increased
... for allowed values of b and m. However, note that equation (2) is only valid for m 2 because we allow a maximum of three mutations. Given this setup, the simulations proceed very much like the actual experiments. The parameters that must be set are the selective benefit of mutations s and the rate ...
... for allowed values of b and m. However, note that equation (2) is only valid for m 2 because we allow a maximum of three mutations. Given this setup, the simulations proceed very much like the actual experiments. The parameters that must be set are the selective benefit of mutations s and the rate ...
Amino Acid Catabolism: C
... by hydrolysis catalyzed by Asparaginase. This yields aspartate, which can be converted to oxaloacetate, e.g., by transamination. ...
... by hydrolysis catalyzed by Asparaginase. This yields aspartate, which can be converted to oxaloacetate, e.g., by transamination. ...
Identification of two amino acid residues which - Wiley-VCH
... labeled when Hex B is incubated with the photo-affinity suicide substrate [3H]-1-ATB-N-acetylgalactosamine [14]. Similarly, replacement of R211, the β-subunit homologue of αR178, by a lysine residue leads to loss of activity in the mutant Hex B. The residue at position α278, the β-subunit homologue ...
... labeled when Hex B is incubated with the photo-affinity suicide substrate [3H]-1-ATB-N-acetylgalactosamine [14]. Similarly, replacement of R211, the β-subunit homologue of αR178, by a lysine residue leads to loss of activity in the mutant Hex B. The residue at position α278, the β-subunit homologue ...
The deleterious effect of missense mutations on pre
... (b) affect an invariant splice junction consensus sequence, or (c) were previously reported as pathogenic in the literature based on supporting functional data (Cotton and Scriver 1999). These criteria are not fulfilled if a missense mutation is detected. It is possible that the predicted amino acid ...
... (b) affect an invariant splice junction consensus sequence, or (c) were previously reported as pathogenic in the literature based on supporting functional data (Cotton and Scriver 1999). These criteria are not fulfilled if a missense mutation is detected. It is possible that the predicted amino acid ...
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Additives and Products or
... The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) received a request from the European Commission to issue an opinion on the safety and the efficacy of a product containing Larginine produced by fermentation from Corynebacterium glutamicum (ATCC-13870) modified by conventional methods. It contains a minimum ...
... The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) received a request from the European Commission to issue an opinion on the safety and the efficacy of a product containing Larginine produced by fermentation from Corynebacterium glutamicum (ATCC-13870) modified by conventional methods. It contains a minimum ...
Ribozyme catalysis: not different, just worse
... contributions to catalysis44–46 support a direct role of C75 in proton transfer during catalysis. However, the pKa of the active site C is not substantially shifted in the ground state47, and its precise catalytic role remains elusive. More recently, structures of the precursor form of the HDV riboz ...
... contributions to catalysis44–46 support a direct role of C75 in proton transfer during catalysis. However, the pKa of the active site C is not substantially shifted in the ground state47, and its precise catalytic role remains elusive. More recently, structures of the precursor form of the HDV riboz ...
Transcriptome analysis reveals unique C4
... oil, animal tissues and fungi [8]. Interest in ArA and other long-chain PUFAs inspired the search for new PUFA sources. Myrmecia incisa Reisigl H4301, a coccoid green microalga species of Trebouxiophyceae [9], has recently been reported to accumulate an unprecedentedly high amount of ArA-rich triacy ...
... oil, animal tissues and fungi [8]. Interest in ArA and other long-chain PUFAs inspired the search for new PUFA sources. Myrmecia incisa Reisigl H4301, a coccoid green microalga species of Trebouxiophyceae [9], has recently been reported to accumulate an unprecedentedly high amount of ArA-rich triacy ...
proteins: three-dimensional structure
... protein pepsin yielded a discrete diffraction pattern when placed in an X-ray beam. This result provided the first evidence that pepsin was not a random colloid but an ordered array of atoms organized into a large yet uniquely structured molecule. Even relatively small proteins contain thousands of ...
... protein pepsin yielded a discrete diffraction pattern when placed in an X-ray beam. This result provided the first evidence that pepsin was not a random colloid but an ordered array of atoms organized into a large yet uniquely structured molecule. Even relatively small proteins contain thousands of ...
Genetic code
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins by living cells. Biological decoding is accomplished by the ribosome, which links amino acids in an order specified by mRNA, using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.The code defines how sequences of these nucleotide triplets, called codons, specify which amino acid will be added next during protein synthesis. With some exceptions, a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid. Because the vast majority of genes are encoded with exactly the same code (see the RNA codon table), this particular code is often referred to as the canonical or standard genetic code, or simply the genetic code, though in fact some variant codes have evolved. For example, protein synthesis in human mitochondria relies on a genetic code that differs from the standard genetic code.While the genetic code determines the protein sequence for a given coding region, other genomic regions can influence when and where these proteins are produced.