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... sequence, for about a billion years, only 10 per cent of its lifetime on the main sequence. Red giants are so luminous that we can see them at quite a distance, and a few are among the brightest stars in the sky. ...
Unit 8 Chapter 28 Notes
Unit 8 Chapter 28 Notes

... range in size from particles the size of dust to chunks the size of a house. Each piece follows its own orbit around Saturn. The ring system of Saturn is very thin. The other gas giants have rings as well. These rings are relatively narrow. Jupiter’s were not discovered until the Voyager 1 spacecraf ...
Earth Science Curriculum Guide - Lunenburg County Public Schools
Earth Science Curriculum Guide - Lunenburg County Public Schools

... ● The processes by which rocks are formed define the three major groups of rocks. ● The rock cycle is the process by which all rocks are formed and how basic Earth materials are recycled through time. ● Igneous rock forms from molten rock that cools and hardens either below or on Earth’s surface. Ex ...
Yr 9 2008 FINAL PAPER
Yr 9 2008 FINAL PAPER

... excretion and nutrition (the mnemonic MRS GREN can be used to remember them). (a) ...
Educator`s Guide for Dark Star Adventure
Educator`s Guide for Dark Star Adventure

... Ask children what objects they see in the night sky and list them. Things to Do: 1. From either a classroom window or an outside play or recess area, help students identify different parts of the sky. a. Horizon – distant horizontal line where the sky meets the ground; b. Zenith – point at the top o ...
Quiz 3
Quiz 3

Star Classification and its Connection to Exoplanets.
Star Classification and its Connection to Exoplanets.

... method similar to radial velocity, measures the position of a star precisely. Then, any wobbling can be detected directly (ESA). Based on the data from exoplanet.eu, 433 planets, 371 planetary systems, and 41 multiple planet systems were discovered using both radial velocity and ...
Glossary Topics - Home - DMNS Galaxy Guide Portal
Glossary Topics - Home - DMNS Galaxy Guide Portal

... is larger than five solar masses, collapse continues until it becomes a black hole. If the core is less than five solar masses, the collapse is stopped when electrons and protons are squeezed together by the extreme pressure to form an ocean of neutrons. These Neutron stars have giant magnetic field ...
The synchronisation of cosmic cycles: a hypothesis
The synchronisation of cosmic cycles: a hypothesis

... cycles". The cycles described above are the ones I have in mind when I use the term "cosmic cycle" while referring to the solar system example. So what does the concept of "synchronisation" entail? Let us imagine that at a particular point in time we see the specific positions of the bodies under di ...
View Diary of Astronomical Events - Astronomical Society of Singapore
View Diary of Astronomical Events - Astronomical Society of Singapore

chapter 26 instructor notes
chapter 26 instructor notes

... The “G-dwarf problem” is the apparent conflict between the observed very small proportion of low-metallicity G dwarfs in the Galactic disk and model predictions for a sizable fraction (~½), given that the original population of low-metallicity stars from the Galaxy’s formation has not had time to e ...
Planet Formation
Planet Formation

ASTRONOMY
ASTRONOMY

... The Allen Telescope Array located about 290 miles northeast of San Francisco will be helping in the search for extra-terrestrial intelligence, other alien life forms, and astronomy in general. Professor Glenn White of Open University has noted that a European Space Agency mission called Darwin, will ...
kepler`s laws and newton`s discovery of universal
kepler`s laws and newton`s discovery of universal

Life Cycle of Stars
Life Cycle of Stars

... orbital period of 3.3 days ...
Here - ScienceA2Z.com
Here - ScienceA2Z.com

... diameter; then collided to form larger bodies (planetesimals) of roughly 5 km in size; then gradually increased by further collisions at roughly 15 cm per year over the course of the next few million years. The inner Solar System was too warm for volatile molecules like water and methane to condense ...
The Essential Cosmic Perspective, 6e
The Essential Cosmic Perspective, 6e

... percent of this material into heavier elements, including all the elements of which we and Earth are made. Stars expel this material through winds and explosions, and the galaxy recycles it into new generations of stars. When a new star system forms, it therefore contains the ingredients needed to m ...
Apparent Magnitude
Apparent Magnitude

... A black hole is a region of space in which the gravitational field is so powerful that nothing can escape after having fallen past the event horizon. The name comes from the fact that even electromagnetic radiation is unable to escape, rendering the interior invisible. However, black holes can be de ...
How do stars appear to move to an observer on the
How do stars appear to move to an observer on the

... the giant stage of a medium size star. The outer gas layers are lost and the core revealed, it will heat and illuminate the expanding gases. It takes billions of years for a white dwarf to cool into a black or brown dwarf, the universe is too young to have any in it yet. ...
W > 1 - The Open University
W > 1 - The Open University

... Test your eyesight from a dark site by counting the number of naked eye stars that are visible. Seven should readily be seen. Keen vision will lead you into double figures. A test for moderate apertures is the nebulosity around some of the other brighter stars of the group, especially Merope. Nebula ...
Our Place In Space
Our Place In Space

Chapter10- Other Planetary Systems -pptx
Chapter10- Other Planetary Systems -pptx

Slide 1
Slide 1

Star Powerpoint notes
Star Powerpoint notes

... miles) away. It takes light about 4 years to reach the Earth from there. How luminous is the Sun compared with other stars? The most luminous stars are about a million times brighter and the least luminous stars are about a hundred thousand times dimmer than the Sun. What colors are stars? Stars are ...
Venus - TeacherWeb
Venus - TeacherWeb

... There are over 1600 we are unable to see Venus in major volcanoes, the surface from Real mountains, large earth. Color. highland terrains, and vast lava plains. ...
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Rare Earth hypothesis



In planetary astronomy and astrobiology, the Rare Earth Hypothesis argues that the origin of life and the evolution of biological complexity such as sexually reproducing, multicellular organisms on Earth (and, subsequently, human intelligence) required an improbable combination of astrophysical and geological events and circumstances. The hypothesis argues that complex extraterrestrial life is a very improbable phenomenon and likely to be extremely rare. The term ""Rare Earth"" originates from Rare Earth: Why Complex Life Is Uncommon in the Universe (2000), a book by Peter Ward, a geologist and paleontologist, and Donald E. Brownlee, an astronomer and astrobiologist, both faculty members at the University of Washington.An alternative view point was argued by Carl Sagan and Frank Drake, among others. It holds that Earth is a typical rocky planet in a typical planetary system, located in a non-exceptional region of a common barred-spiral galaxy. Given the principle of mediocrity (also called the Copernican principle), it is probable that the universe teems with complex life. Ward and Brownlee argue to the contrary: that planets, planetary systems, and galactic regions that are as friendly to complex life as are the Earth, the Solar System, and our region of the Milky Way are very rare.
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