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Figueira, Pont, Mordasini, Alibert, Georgy, Benz
Figueira, Pont, Mordasini, Alibert, Georgy, Benz

... and model-input uncertainties than, for instance, predictions about the thermal history or atmospheric spectrum of exoplanets. Sasselov et al. (2007) discussed the effects of the different sources of uncertainties on the radius predictions, and found that the most significant effect – the equation o ...
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PDF format

... How is Earth moving through space? •  Earth orbits the Sun (revolves) once every year: –  at an average distance of 1 AU ≈ 150 million kilometers. –  with Earth's axis tilted by 23.5º (pointing to Polaris) •  It rotates in the same direction it orbits, counterclockwise as viewed from above the Nort ...
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class slides for Chapter 7

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The Star Finder Book - Starpath School of Navigation

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Small Bodies of the Solar System Transcript

... We can determine the size of an asteroid by the time taken for it to eclipse the light of a background star if it moves in front, in what is known as an occultation. If its orbital parameters are known – how far away it is, how fast it’s moving – then the duration of the eclipse can allow you to est ...
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Rare Earth hypothesis



In planetary astronomy and astrobiology, the Rare Earth Hypothesis argues that the origin of life and the evolution of biological complexity such as sexually reproducing, multicellular organisms on Earth (and, subsequently, human intelligence) required an improbable combination of astrophysical and geological events and circumstances. The hypothesis argues that complex extraterrestrial life is a very improbable phenomenon and likely to be extremely rare. The term ""Rare Earth"" originates from Rare Earth: Why Complex Life Is Uncommon in the Universe (2000), a book by Peter Ward, a geologist and paleontologist, and Donald E. Brownlee, an astronomer and astrobiologist, both faculty members at the University of Washington.An alternative view point was argued by Carl Sagan and Frank Drake, among others. It holds that Earth is a typical rocky planet in a typical planetary system, located in a non-exceptional region of a common barred-spiral galaxy. Given the principle of mediocrity (also called the Copernican principle), it is probable that the universe teems with complex life. Ward and Brownlee argue to the contrary: that planets, planetary systems, and galactic regions that are as friendly to complex life as are the Earth, the Solar System, and our region of the Milky Way are very rare.
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