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The GAIA astrometric survey of extra
The GAIA astrometric survey of extra

... range 0.1 ≤ MJ ≤ 5, orbiting 1-M⊙ stars with periods up to twice the mission duration, and placing the systems at increasing distances from our Sun. We parameterized our results in terms of the astrometric signal-to-noise ratio α/σψ between the astrometric signature α and the single measurement erro ...
A105 Stars and Galaxies
A105 Stars and Galaxies

Space Science - Madison County Schools
Space Science - Madison County Schools

... outward exploding as a supernova. Its core becoming a neutron star that is so dense that one teaspoon would weigh more than 600 million metric tons on Earth. If a star is so massive that the remaining core from a supernova is more than three solar masses, the gravity near this mass is so strong it c ...
Teacher Checklist - Troup County Schools
Teacher Checklist - Troup County Schools

... Prior Learning: In 2nd grade students described the size, brightness, and patterns of stars. New learning is to describe the number and color.  Identify that there are more stars in the sky than a person can count oneat-a-time during an entire lifetime.  Explain that stars are like the sun, some b ...
Galaxies
Galaxies

... • Spiral structure has been determined through radio observations – Radio observations have shown how the spiral arms move around the center of the galaxy ...
Pre-Final Quiz Answers
Pre-Final Quiz Answers

... to 40Ca (calcium-40) through emission of a β particle. The decay half-life is approximately 1.26 billion years. The oldest rocks on Earth show ages of about 4 billion years. If a zircon crystal in these rocks formed 4 billion years ago with 1000 atoms of 40K and no 40Ar or 40Ca, what would we expect ...
Cycles: Earth, Sun, Moon by MTDavis
Cycles: Earth, Sun, Moon by MTDavis

... ONE ROTATION of the earth on it’s axis = ONE DAY ONE MOON CYCLE =about 29.5 DAYS, which should be ONE MONTH. 12 X 29.5 = 354 days, 11 days short of the real SOLAR CALENDAR, so Julius Caesar, with the help of Greek science, changed our months to 30 or 31 day months which no longer match the moon cyc ...
astronomy 31 - UNC Physics
astronomy 31 - UNC Physics

... B. When solar eclipses occur, the moon is directly between the sun and Earth and consequently its phase must be new. However, solar eclipses do not occur every time the moon is new because the Earth-Moon plane is tipped, by about 5 degrees, with respect to the Sun-Earth plane, meaning that the moon, ...
Student Text, pp. 278-284
Student Text, pp. 278-284

... Although Copernicus was at the forefront of the scientific revolution, his explanation of the orbits of the planets did not account for slight irregularities observed over long periods. The orbits were not exactly circles. More analysis was needed to find the true shapes of the orbits. The next infl ...
Exoplanets - An ESO/OPTICON/IAU summer school on modern
Exoplanets - An ESO/OPTICON/IAU summer school on modern

... (a) is in orbit around the Sun (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape, and (c) has cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit." IAU, Resolution B5 "Extrasolar planet is: an object that has a mass be ...
Mercury is the first planet from the sun. Named by
Mercury is the first planet from the sun. Named by

... the third largest planet in the solar system by diameter. Uranus is named after the Greek god Ouranos, god of the sky. It takes Uranus approximately 30,707 days to complete its orbit around the sun. Uranus has an average surface temperature of 68 Kelvins. The equatorial diameter of Uranus is 51,118 ...
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Ch. 2

... • Still used circles & uniform circular motion ...
Jupiter is 90000 miles in diameter. It is 10 times the size of the earth
Jupiter is 90000 miles in diameter. It is 10 times the size of the earth

PDF version (two pages, including the full text)
PDF version (two pages, including the full text)

... brighter one is about half again as bright as our sun, the fainter about half as bright as the sun. Separated by about 23 times the distance from the Earth to the sun, they take 80 years to orbit each other. For many years it was believed that these were the two nearest stars to our own sun. But a t ...
Earth`s Internal Structure I
Earth`s Internal Structure I

... M = 6x1027 gm = 6,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 gm ...
Jupiter-Sized Star Smallest Ever Detected
Jupiter-Sized Star Smallest Ever Detected

... from a future space probe approaching such an object at close range, it wouldn't be easy to discern whether it is a star or a planet?" As all stars, OGLE-TR-122b produces indeed energy in its interior by means of nuclear reactions. However, because of its low mass, this internal energy production is ...
HOLIDAYS HOME WORK
HOLIDAYS HOME WORK

... Q5. A cubic millimeter of blood sample on microscopic examination is found to have 5 x 106 corpuscles. If an adult person contains 2.5 litres of blood, find the order of total number of red corpuscles in it. Q6. The diameter of a sphere is 2.34 cm. Calculate its surface area and the volume with due ...
celestial clock - the sun, the moon, and the stars
celestial clock - the sun, the moon, and the stars

... adding the extra month, there are still 4.24 days lost. So, every twenty one years, another month is added. By this method the difference every twenty one years is only 0.08 day. It would take 7,434 years before such a lunar calendar would be one whole day off true. That is a very accurate clock! TH ...
There are numerous other ways in which human civilization could
There are numerous other ways in which human civilization could

... Though no bacteria have yet been found which simultaneously tolerate the extremes of temperature, dessication and temperature which they would encounter in an interstellar journey on an asteroid, it seems possible that some may exist. ...
CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY
CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY

... Overview of the solar system: content, motions, origin of the solar system, unanswered questions ...
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level 1

... Challenge - This is designed to require critical thinking skills and stretch students to reason with math and data to come to conclusions. They are matched up with one of the Common Core Standards for Mathematical Practice. These activities work well with students in pairs or small groups where they ...
Chapter 2
Chapter 2

... If Earth rotated faster, hurricanes would be more common and more severe. ...
Why do we weigh more on Earth than on the moon?
Why do we weigh more on Earth than on the moon?

Cycles and Patterns Related to the Earth, Sun
Cycles and Patterns Related to the Earth, Sun

Document
Document

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Rare Earth hypothesis



In planetary astronomy and astrobiology, the Rare Earth Hypothesis argues that the origin of life and the evolution of biological complexity such as sexually reproducing, multicellular organisms on Earth (and, subsequently, human intelligence) required an improbable combination of astrophysical and geological events and circumstances. The hypothesis argues that complex extraterrestrial life is a very improbable phenomenon and likely to be extremely rare. The term ""Rare Earth"" originates from Rare Earth: Why Complex Life Is Uncommon in the Universe (2000), a book by Peter Ward, a geologist and paleontologist, and Donald E. Brownlee, an astronomer and astrobiologist, both faculty members at the University of Washington.An alternative view point was argued by Carl Sagan and Frank Drake, among others. It holds that Earth is a typical rocky planet in a typical planetary system, located in a non-exceptional region of a common barred-spiral galaxy. Given the principle of mediocrity (also called the Copernican principle), it is probable that the universe teems with complex life. Ward and Brownlee argue to the contrary: that planets, planetary systems, and galactic regions that are as friendly to complex life as are the Earth, the Solar System, and our region of the Milky Way are very rare.
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