Astronomy.Practice.Quiz3
... a. absolute magnitude and apparent magnitude b. temperature and absolute magnitude c. parallax and temperature d. apparent magnitude and parallax 11. The source of the Sun’s energy is ____. a. chemical burning b. nuclear fusion 12. What determines the final stages of a star’s life cycle? a. size b. ...
... a. absolute magnitude and apparent magnitude b. temperature and absolute magnitude c. parallax and temperature d. apparent magnitude and parallax 11. The source of the Sun’s energy is ____. a. chemical burning b. nuclear fusion 12. What determines the final stages of a star’s life cycle? a. size b. ...
Stars - PAMS-Doyle
... • Stars are assigned spectral types of O,B, A, F, G, K, and M which are based on their temperature • Each type is subdivided into the numbers 0-9 • Provide information about the stars composition and temperature ...
... • Stars are assigned spectral types of O,B, A, F, G, K, and M which are based on their temperature • Each type is subdivided into the numbers 0-9 • Provide information about the stars composition and temperature ...
Very Low Mass Stars as Optimum Sites of Habitable Planets
... weeks for E. coli - like generation time (~1 hr). UV and -rays from SNe and UV from novae qualify. Very uncertain! • Cosmic rays from supernovae could be most likely event for disruption of atmospheric chemistry (and development of radiation resistance in longer-lived organisms), because scattering ...
... weeks for E. coli - like generation time (~1 hr). UV and -rays from SNe and UV from novae qualify. Very uncertain! • Cosmic rays from supernovae could be most likely event for disruption of atmospheric chemistry (and development of radiation resistance in longer-lived organisms), because scattering ...
Final Exam: Chs 4-5, 12-17
... ____ 48. What is the relationship between the mass of a protostar and the time needed for it to reach the main sequence after it forms inside an interstellar cloud? a. The time needed is independent of the mass of the protostar. b. The time needed is least for a protostar of approximately 4 solar m ...
... ____ 48. What is the relationship between the mass of a protostar and the time needed for it to reach the main sequence after it forms inside an interstellar cloud? a. The time needed is independent of the mass of the protostar. b. The time needed is least for a protostar of approximately 4 solar m ...
Of Orbs and Orbits
... guess: the disks of the planets and stars have finite size. He attempted to measure them with the sighting instruments that were then available, and grossly overestimated them. His angular diameters were rather too large for the planets, but they were fantastically so for the stars! (Van Helden 1985 ...
... guess: the disks of the planets and stars have finite size. He attempted to measure them with the sighting instruments that were then available, and grossly overestimated them. His angular diameters were rather too large for the planets, but they were fantastically so for the stars! (Van Helden 1985 ...
History of astronomy
... of Roger Bacon (1267): “Greater things than these may be performed by refracted vision. For it is is easy to understand by the canons above mentioned that the greatest things may appear exceeding small, and the contrary. For we can give such figures to transparent bodies, and dispose them in such or ...
... of Roger Bacon (1267): “Greater things than these may be performed by refracted vision. For it is is easy to understand by the canons above mentioned that the greatest things may appear exceeding small, and the contrary. For we can give such figures to transparent bodies, and dispose them in such or ...
Stellar Luminosities
... • When we learn how to get distances beyond the limits of parallax and sample many more stars, we will find there are stars that are stars that are 106 times the luminosity of the Sun. • This is an enormous range in energy output from stars. This is an important clue in figuring out how they produce ...
... • When we learn how to get distances beyond the limits of parallax and sample many more stars, we will find there are stars that are stars that are 106 times the luminosity of the Sun. • This is an enormous range in energy output from stars. This is an important clue in figuring out how they produce ...
File
... - Heliocentric Model: proposed by Copernicus that explained that planetary motion revolved around the Sun. The Sun was the center. - Kepler discovered that the orbits of the planets were ellipses, and not circles. - Read p. 378. - Astronomical Unit (AU) is used for measuring “local” distances, those ...
... - Heliocentric Model: proposed by Copernicus that explained that planetary motion revolved around the Sun. The Sun was the center. - Kepler discovered that the orbits of the planets were ellipses, and not circles. - Read p. 378. - Astronomical Unit (AU) is used for measuring “local” distances, those ...
Physics 20 Lesson 23 Orbits and Satellites
... At low speeds, a horizontal projectile will fall toward and hit the ground in a short time. As the speed of the horizontal projectile is increased, it will land further and further away from the starting point. For a flat Earth the projectile would always hit the ground; no matter how fast the proje ...
... At low speeds, a horizontal projectile will fall toward and hit the ground in a short time. As the speed of the horizontal projectile is increased, it will land further and further away from the starting point. For a flat Earth the projectile would always hit the ground; no matter how fast the proje ...
Edexcel GCSE - physicsinfo.co.uk
... sounds have a short frequency so a metre rule is too long frequency can only be measured in millimetres metre rules can be used to measure both amplitude and wavelength frequency and wavelength are different ...
... sounds have a short frequency so a metre rule is too long frequency can only be measured in millimetres metre rules can be used to measure both amplitude and wavelength frequency and wavelength are different ...
Origin of Mountains and Primary Initiation of Submarine Canyons
... enstatite chondrites and, by inference, also the Earth’s interior condensed at high temperatures and high pressures from primordial Solar System gas under circumstances that isolated the condensate from further reaction with the gas at low temperatures [10, 14]. ...
... enstatite chondrites and, by inference, also the Earth’s interior condensed at high temperatures and high pressures from primordial Solar System gas under circumstances that isolated the condensate from further reaction with the gas at low temperatures [10, 14]. ...
Unit 2 Section 1
... Earth. But is the sky really moving above you? Centuries ago, before there were space shuttles or even telescopes, there was no easy way to find out. ...
... Earth. But is the sky really moving above you? Centuries ago, before there were space shuttles or even telescopes, there was no easy way to find out. ...
Test Bank for Life in the Universe, Third Edition Chapter 2: The
... Test Bank for Life in the Universe, Third Edition Chapter 2: The Science of Life in the Universe ...
... Test Bank for Life in the Universe, Third Edition Chapter 2: The Science of Life in the Universe ...
Section 1
... Earth. But is the sky really moving above you? Centuries ago, before there were space shuttles or even telescopes, there was no easy way to find out. ...
... Earth. But is the sky really moving above you? Centuries ago, before there were space shuttles or even telescopes, there was no easy way to find out. ...
Link again
... are relatively young. The Pleiades formed about 100 million years ago and the gas and dust from which they formed still surrounds them. Globular clusters contain thousands of stars and are usually around 10 billion years old. Stars begin as clouds of gas in space. They become stars once the matter i ...
... are relatively young. The Pleiades formed about 100 million years ago and the gas and dust from which they formed still surrounds them. Globular clusters contain thousands of stars and are usually around 10 billion years old. Stars begin as clouds of gas in space. They become stars once the matter i ...
Astronomy
... are relatively young. The Pleiades formed about 100 million years ago and the gas and dust from which they formed still surrounds them. Globular clusters contain thousands of stars and are usually around 10 billion years old. Stars begin as clouds of gas in space. They become stars once the matter i ...
... are relatively young. The Pleiades formed about 100 million years ago and the gas and dust from which they formed still surrounds them. Globular clusters contain thousands of stars and are usually around 10 billion years old. Stars begin as clouds of gas in space. They become stars once the matter i ...
Water ice lines around super-Jovian planets and Implications for
... alone. An example are the observational constraints coming from the M – R diagram on the extent of orbital migration. Efficient inward migration brings ice-dominated, low-density planets from the outer parts of the disk close to the star. These planets can be distinguished from planets consisting on ...
... alone. An example are the observational constraints coming from the M – R diagram on the extent of orbital migration. Efficient inward migration brings ice-dominated, low-density planets from the outer parts of the disk close to the star. These planets can be distinguished from planets consisting on ...
Stars Notes
... Characteristics used to classify stars include color, temperature, size, composition and brightness Color – red, red-orange, yellow, white, blue Temperature – ranges from 3,000 to 50,000 Size – super giant, giant, medium, dwarf, neutron Composition – what makes up the star (elements) Brightn ...
... Characteristics used to classify stars include color, temperature, size, composition and brightness Color – red, red-orange, yellow, white, blue Temperature – ranges from 3,000 to 50,000 Size – super giant, giant, medium, dwarf, neutron Composition – what makes up the star (elements) Brightn ...
Prep/Review Questions - Faculty Web Sites at the University
... To add visual interest, stage productions and movies often show a full Moon near the horizon, regardless of the ostensible time of night. At what times of night can this happen in real life? In a new Tom Hanks "Castaway" sequel, the hero finds the latitude of his lonely island by determining the max ...
... To add visual interest, stage productions and movies often show a full Moon near the horizon, regardless of the ostensible time of night. At what times of night can this happen in real life? In a new Tom Hanks "Castaway" sequel, the hero finds the latitude of his lonely island by determining the max ...
Earth Science 25.2A : Stellar Evolution
... Because the interior of a low-mass star never reaches high enough temperatures and pressures to fuse helium, it’s only energy source is hydrogen. So low-mass stars never evolve into red giants. Instead, they remain as stable main-sequence stars until they consume their hydrogen fuel and collap ...
... Because the interior of a low-mass star never reaches high enough temperatures and pressures to fuse helium, it’s only energy source is hydrogen. So low-mass stars never evolve into red giants. Instead, they remain as stable main-sequence stars until they consume their hydrogen fuel and collap ...
Slide 1
... suggested that the Earth was hundreds of millions of years old. Today we know the Earth is 4.5 Billion years old. ...
... suggested that the Earth was hundreds of millions of years old. Today we know the Earth is 4.5 Billion years old. ...
An Introduction to Astronomy and Cosmology
... • It was discovered that the brightest (first magnitude) were about 100 times brighter than the faintest (sixth magnitude) • This was made a definition. – 5 magnitudes = a factor of 100 in brightness – So a star of 1st magnitude is exactly 100 times brighter than one of 6th magnitude. ...
... • It was discovered that the brightest (first magnitude) were about 100 times brighter than the faintest (sixth magnitude) • This was made a definition. – 5 magnitudes = a factor of 100 in brightness – So a star of 1st magnitude is exactly 100 times brighter than one of 6th magnitude. ...
Chapter 16 - "The Universe"
... During the time of the Babylonians, the Sun rose with the constellation Taurus on the first day of spring. Today, however, the Sun rises with the constellation Pisces on the first day of spring. Earth's precession will continue to change the position of the Sun during a particular month, and 25,780 ...
... During the time of the Babylonians, the Sun rose with the constellation Taurus on the first day of spring. Today, however, the Sun rises with the constellation Pisces on the first day of spring. Earth's precession will continue to change the position of the Sun during a particular month, and 25,780 ...
Exoplanets Properties of the host stars Characterization of the
... • Primordial occurrence – According to this hypothesis, the high metallicity observed in certain hosts is a bulk property of the star, and represents the original composition out of which the protostellar and protoplanetary disk formed – In this picture, the higher the metallicity of the primordi ...
... • Primordial occurrence – According to this hypothesis, the high metallicity observed in certain hosts is a bulk property of the star, and represents the original composition out of which the protostellar and protoplanetary disk formed – In this picture, the higher the metallicity of the primordi ...
Planets orbiting stars more massive than the Sun
... must have detected all transiting giant planets with short orbital periods in these fields. To determine the frequency of close-in planets and BDs, all we have to do is to find out whether the transits are false-positives (FPs), eclipsing binaries, or not. After excluding binaries, and all types of ...
... must have detected all transiting giant planets with short orbital periods in these fields. To determine the frequency of close-in planets and BDs, all we have to do is to find out whether the transits are false-positives (FPs), eclipsing binaries, or not. After excluding binaries, and all types of ...
Planetary habitability
Planetary habitability is the measure of a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to develop and sustain life. Life may develop directly on a planet or satellite or be transferred to it from another body, a theoretical process known as panspermia. As the existence of life beyond Earth is unknown, planetary habitability is largely an extrapolation of conditions on Earth and the characteristics of the Sun and Solar System which appear favourable to life's flourishing—in particular those factors that have sustained complex, multicellular organisms and not just simpler, unicellular creatures. Research and theory in this regard is a component of planetary science and the emerging discipline of astrobiology.An absolute requirement for life is an energy source, and the notion of planetary habitability implies that many other geophysical, geochemical, and astrophysical criteria must be met before an astronomical body can support life. In its astrobiology roadmap, NASA has defined the principal habitability criteria as ""extended regions of liquid water, conditions favourable for the assembly of complex organic molecules, and energy sources to sustain metabolism.""In determining the habitability potential of a body, studies focus on its bulk composition, orbital properties, atmosphere, and potential chemical interactions. Stellar characteristics of importance include mass and luminosity, stable variability, and high metallicity. Rocky, terrestrial-type planets and moons with the potential for Earth-like chemistry are a primary focus of astrobiological research, although more speculative habitability theories occasionally examine alternative biochemistries and other types of astronomical bodies.The idea that planets beyond Earth might host life is an ancient one, though historically it was framed by philosophy as much as physical science. The late 20th century saw two breakthroughs in the field. The observation and robotic spacecraft exploration of other planets and moons within the Solar System has provided critical information on defining habitability criteria and allowed for substantial geophysical comparisons between the Earth and other bodies. The discovery of extrasolar planets, beginning in the early 1990s and accelerating thereafter, has provided further information for the study of possible extraterrestrial life. These findings confirm that the Sun is not unique among stars in hosting planets and expands the habitability research horizon beyond the Solar System.The chemistry of life may have begun shortly after the Big Bang, 13.8 billion years ago, during a habitable epoch when the Universe was only 10–17 million years old. According to the panspermia hypothesis, microscopic life—distributed by meteoroids, asteroids and other small Solar System bodies—may exist throughout the universe. Nonetheless, Earth is the only place in the universe known to harbor life. Estimates of habitable zones around other stars, along with the discovery of hundreds of extrasolar planets and new insights into the extreme habitats here on Earth, suggest that there may be many more habitable places in the universe than considered possible until very recently. On 4 November 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler space mission data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs within the Milky Way. 11 billion of these estimated planets may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 12 light-years away, according to the scientists.