Theme 3.1 Astronomy of the Ancients Stonehenge Most people
... of the outer planets at least. We noted the very simple assumptions that Ptolemy had made about the motion of the planets and the shapes of their orbits, but this leads to immediate problems. For instance, he insisted that the planets had to be moving in circular motion centred on the earth at unifo ...
... of the outer planets at least. We noted the very simple assumptions that Ptolemy had made about the motion of the planets and the shapes of their orbits, but this leads to immediate problems. For instance, he insisted that the planets had to be moving in circular motion centred on the earth at unifo ...
Powerpoint for today
... billion years ago. As Milky Way ages, the abundances of elements compared to H in gas and new stars are increasing due to fusion and supernovae. Elements up to iron (56Fe, 26 p + 30 n in nucleus) produced by steady fusion (less abundant elements we didn’t discuss, like Cl, Na, made in reactions that ...
... billion years ago. As Milky Way ages, the abundances of elements compared to H in gas and new stars are increasing due to fusion and supernovae. Elements up to iron (56Fe, 26 p + 30 n in nucleus) produced by steady fusion (less abundant elements we didn’t discuss, like Cl, Na, made in reactions that ...
Parallax, Event Horizon, HR diagrams equation
... Physics : distance to the stars and counting the stars "1 Light Year is the distance traveled by light in one year." 1 light year (ly) is equivalent to: 63,270 AU Closer stars could appear larger. More distant stars could be very large, but seem small. How can we tell which stars are farther away? ...
... Physics : distance to the stars and counting the stars "1 Light Year is the distance traveled by light in one year." 1 light year (ly) is equivalent to: 63,270 AU Closer stars could appear larger. More distant stars could be very large, but seem small. How can we tell which stars are farther away? ...
A rocky planet transiting a nearby low-mass star
... than one-eighth of the escape velocity, suggesting an atmosphere could be stable against thermal escape. This is not the case for the other rocky exoplanets for which precise densities are known, all of which are considerably hotter. The rocky planet Kepler-78b (refs 8, 9), which is comparable in si ...
... than one-eighth of the escape velocity, suggesting an atmosphere could be stable against thermal escape. This is not the case for the other rocky exoplanets for which precise densities are known, all of which are considerably hotter. The rocky planet Kepler-78b (refs 8, 9), which is comparable in si ...
Calculating_Main_Sequence_Lifetimes_StudentGuide
... begin new fusion reactions involving the burning of Helium, Carbon, Oxygen, Magnesium and Neon. A star with a mass greater than 10 solar masses can develop thermonuclear reactions until it creates Iron. This will cause an ending to its life in a supernova type II. The luminosity (L) of a star is the ...
... begin new fusion reactions involving the burning of Helium, Carbon, Oxygen, Magnesium and Neon. A star with a mass greater than 10 solar masses can develop thermonuclear reactions until it creates Iron. This will cause an ending to its life in a supernova type II. The luminosity (L) of a star is the ...
Our Place in Universe
... We should probably be able to tell how far away something is based upon a known geometry. 1,000 kilometers 1,000,000 kilometers 1,000,000,000 kilometers This would be inconvenient, so we will be using scientific notation in many cases. Just move the decimal point to the right (or left) to make the n ...
... We should probably be able to tell how far away something is based upon a known geometry. 1,000 kilometers 1,000,000 kilometers 1,000,000,000 kilometers This would be inconvenient, so we will be using scientific notation in many cases. Just move the decimal point to the right (or left) to make the n ...
Homework # 1
... number (just like regular logarithms are associated with 10), but this one is called the natural logarithm. It is usually denoted on calculators by an Ln key, which is often the same as the ex key. Now you’ll finally get to use those keys! First of all Ln works very much like Log does, so if you pun ...
... number (just like regular logarithms are associated with 10), but this one is called the natural logarithm. It is usually denoted on calculators by an Ln key, which is often the same as the ex key. Now you’ll finally get to use those keys! First of all Ln works very much like Log does, so if you pun ...
Physics 201 Examples
... a journey to the moon. At what point, as measured from the center of the earth, does the gravitational force exerted on the spacecraft by the earth balance that exerted by the moon? This point lies on a line between the centers of the earth and the moon. The distance between the earth and the moon i ...
... a journey to the moon. At what point, as measured from the center of the earth, does the gravitational force exerted on the spacecraft by the earth balance that exerted by the moon? This point lies on a line between the centers of the earth and the moon. The distance between the earth and the moon i ...
Document
... 3. The model should be as simple as possible. The principle that the best explanation is the one that requires the fewest unverifiable assumptions is called Occam’s razor. ...
... 3. The model should be as simple as possible. The principle that the best explanation is the one that requires the fewest unverifiable assumptions is called Occam’s razor. ...
EVOLUION OF SUN LIKE STAR
... high and there starts a fight between pressure forces and gravity .And when this forces are out of balance it stared to collapse and become smaller and smaller parts . The smallest part becomes a protostar .Contraction make the temperature to increase .The source of increase of temperature the gravi ...
... high and there starts a fight between pressure forces and gravity .And when this forces are out of balance it stared to collapse and become smaller and smaller parts . The smallest part becomes a protostar .Contraction make the temperature to increase .The source of increase of temperature the gravi ...
Slide 1
... b) Space dust freezes upon entering our atmosphere c) Cloud temperatures reach freezing point allowing ice crystals to form around dust particles. d) The wind blows sea salt into the upper atmosphere ...
... b) Space dust freezes upon entering our atmosphere c) Cloud temperatures reach freezing point allowing ice crystals to form around dust particles. d) The wind blows sea salt into the upper atmosphere ...
AP Physics Multiple Choice Practice – Gravitation 1. Each of five
... 36. A ball thrown upward near the surface of the Earth with a velocity of 50 m/s will come to rest about 5 seconds later. If the ball were thrown up with the same velocity on Planet X, after 5 seconds it would be still moving upwards at nearly 31 m/s. The magnitude of the gravitational field near t ...
... 36. A ball thrown upward near the surface of the Earth with a velocity of 50 m/s will come to rest about 5 seconds later. If the ball were thrown up with the same velocity on Planet X, after 5 seconds it would be still moving upwards at nearly 31 m/s. The magnitude of the gravitational field near t ...
test - Scioly.org
... C) as a planetary nebula. D) as a red giant or supergiant. E) as a T Tauri variable star. 14) Higher mass protostars enter the main seque.lrce: A) faster and at a higher luminosity and temperature. B) faster and at a lower luminosity and temperature. C) slower and at a higher luminosity and temperat ...
... C) as a planetary nebula. D) as a red giant or supergiant. E) as a T Tauri variable star. 14) Higher mass protostars enter the main seque.lrce: A) faster and at a higher luminosity and temperature. B) faster and at a lower luminosity and temperature. C) slower and at a higher luminosity and temperat ...
The Big Picture: A hypothesis
... and are associated with natural, periodic events which the Earth has suffered through a number of times previously. What makes this particular time completely unique for our planet is that there is a convergence of serious factors – such as carbon emissions 13 , overpopulation, and our propensity fo ...
... and are associated with natural, periodic events which the Earth has suffered through a number of times previously. What makes this particular time completely unique for our planet is that there is a convergence of serious factors – such as carbon emissions 13 , overpopulation, and our propensity fo ...
28. Planet Earth - Brigham Young University
... five kilometers thick, and over 400,000 kilometers from inner to outer edge. (Put another way, if Saturn’s rings were only as wide as this page, they would be less than three one-hundredths as thick!) Like Jupiter, Saturn is composed mostly of hydrogen, liquid not far below the surface and probably ...
... five kilometers thick, and over 400,000 kilometers from inner to outer edge. (Put another way, if Saturn’s rings were only as wide as this page, they would be less than three one-hundredths as thick!) Like Jupiter, Saturn is composed mostly of hydrogen, liquid not far below the surface and probably ...
Characteristics of Stars ppt.
... Magnitude is the brightness of a star, expressed as either absolute (how bright the star actually is) or apparent (how bright it seems to be from Earth). ...
... Magnitude is the brightness of a star, expressed as either absolute (how bright the star actually is) or apparent (how bright it seems to be from Earth). ...
Triple Conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn
... conjunctions at the Foundation a year ago. However, I was not sure if these computer programs calculate the dates using Julian calendar or Gregorian calendar. The above discrepancies may have to do with the difference in Julian and Gregorian calendars or some glitches in the computer program Parpola ...
... conjunctions at the Foundation a year ago. However, I was not sure if these computer programs calculate the dates using Julian calendar or Gregorian calendar. The above discrepancies may have to do with the difference in Julian and Gregorian calendars or some glitches in the computer program Parpola ...
Unit 1 Ch. 4 - Observational Astronomy
... Students should also be able to explain how an asteroid might become a meteor and then a meteorite. Students should discuss the composition of meteorites and how they are similar to other rocks seen in this exhibit and how they are different. Students should see the effects of certain meteorite impa ...
... Students should also be able to explain how an asteroid might become a meteor and then a meteorite. Students should discuss the composition of meteorites and how they are similar to other rocks seen in this exhibit and how they are different. Students should see the effects of certain meteorite impa ...
Activity: Star Classification - d
... Part 1: Exploring with Classification Each group will receive 1 set of 27 stars. Every star has: a color, name, temperature, size, & luminosity value o The luminosity is compared to the sun's luminosity. If a star has a luminosity value of 5, then it is 5 times brighter than our sun. If a star h ...
... Part 1: Exploring with Classification Each group will receive 1 set of 27 stars. Every star has: a color, name, temperature, size, & luminosity value o The luminosity is compared to the sun's luminosity. If a star has a luminosity value of 5, then it is 5 times brighter than our sun. If a star h ...
Physics-Y11-LP2 - All Saints` Catholic High School
... Learning Programme 1 (LP1) light to a focus LP2/7 • explain how parallax makes closer stars seem to move relative to more distant ones over the course of a year so; a smaller parallax angle means that the star is further away • calculate distances in parsecs for simple parallax angles expressed as f ...
... Learning Programme 1 (LP1) light to a focus LP2/7 • explain how parallax makes closer stars seem to move relative to more distant ones over the course of a year so; a smaller parallax angle means that the star is further away • calculate distances in parsecs for simple parallax angles expressed as f ...
Introduction to the HR Diagram
... main sequence is also a function of its mass and luminosity and is defined as: T(years) = 1010M. L The Giant Branch: Red giants are luminous, cool giant stars in spectral classes F, G, K, and M located in the upper right-hand corner of the H-R diagram. As the central core of a main sequence star wit ...
... main sequence is also a function of its mass and luminosity and is defined as: T(years) = 1010M. L The Giant Branch: Red giants are luminous, cool giant stars in spectral classes F, G, K, and M located in the upper right-hand corner of the H-R diagram. As the central core of a main sequence star wit ...
Planets
... This created solid planets in a temperate region of the stable Sun Venus Earth Mars ...
... This created solid planets in a temperate region of the stable Sun Venus Earth Mars ...
Main Sequence Stars
... given mass and chemical composition – if we start with a just formed protostar of a given mass and chemical composition, we can calculate how that star will evolve over its entire life. • This is extremely useful because it greatly simplifies the study of stars and is the basic reason why the HR dia ...
... given mass and chemical composition – if we start with a just formed protostar of a given mass and chemical composition, we can calculate how that star will evolve over its entire life. • This is extremely useful because it greatly simplifies the study of stars and is the basic reason why the HR dia ...
10. Exoplanets
... • Close gravitational encounters between two massive planets can eject one planet while flinging the other into a highly elliptical orbit. • Multiple close encounters with smaller planetesimals can also cause inward migration. ...
... • Close gravitational encounters between two massive planets can eject one planet while flinging the other into a highly elliptical orbit. • Multiple close encounters with smaller planetesimals can also cause inward migration. ...
five minute episode script
... STAR GAZERS SG 1650 - 5M DECEMBER 12-18, 2016 "TOURING THE ROCKY PLANETS" JAMES: HEY THERE STAR GAZERS. IM JAMES ALBURY, DIRECTOR OF THE KIKA SILVA PLA PLANETARIUM IN GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA. DEAN: AND I'M DEAN REGAS, ASTRONOMER FOR THE CINCINNATI OBSERVATORY AND WE'RE HERE TO HELP YOU FIND YOUR WAY AR ...
... STAR GAZERS SG 1650 - 5M DECEMBER 12-18, 2016 "TOURING THE ROCKY PLANETS" JAMES: HEY THERE STAR GAZERS. IM JAMES ALBURY, DIRECTOR OF THE KIKA SILVA PLA PLANETARIUM IN GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA. DEAN: AND I'M DEAN REGAS, ASTRONOMER FOR THE CINCINNATI OBSERVATORY AND WE'RE HERE TO HELP YOU FIND YOUR WAY AR ...
Planetary habitability
Planetary habitability is the measure of a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to develop and sustain life. Life may develop directly on a planet or satellite or be transferred to it from another body, a theoretical process known as panspermia. As the existence of life beyond Earth is unknown, planetary habitability is largely an extrapolation of conditions on Earth and the characteristics of the Sun and Solar System which appear favourable to life's flourishing—in particular those factors that have sustained complex, multicellular organisms and not just simpler, unicellular creatures. Research and theory in this regard is a component of planetary science and the emerging discipline of astrobiology.An absolute requirement for life is an energy source, and the notion of planetary habitability implies that many other geophysical, geochemical, and astrophysical criteria must be met before an astronomical body can support life. In its astrobiology roadmap, NASA has defined the principal habitability criteria as ""extended regions of liquid water, conditions favourable for the assembly of complex organic molecules, and energy sources to sustain metabolism.""In determining the habitability potential of a body, studies focus on its bulk composition, orbital properties, atmosphere, and potential chemical interactions. Stellar characteristics of importance include mass and luminosity, stable variability, and high metallicity. Rocky, terrestrial-type planets and moons with the potential for Earth-like chemistry are a primary focus of astrobiological research, although more speculative habitability theories occasionally examine alternative biochemistries and other types of astronomical bodies.The idea that planets beyond Earth might host life is an ancient one, though historically it was framed by philosophy as much as physical science. The late 20th century saw two breakthroughs in the field. The observation and robotic spacecraft exploration of other planets and moons within the Solar System has provided critical information on defining habitability criteria and allowed for substantial geophysical comparisons between the Earth and other bodies. The discovery of extrasolar planets, beginning in the early 1990s and accelerating thereafter, has provided further information for the study of possible extraterrestrial life. These findings confirm that the Sun is not unique among stars in hosting planets and expands the habitability research horizon beyond the Solar System.The chemistry of life may have begun shortly after the Big Bang, 13.8 billion years ago, during a habitable epoch when the Universe was only 10–17 million years old. According to the panspermia hypothesis, microscopic life—distributed by meteoroids, asteroids and other small Solar System bodies—may exist throughout the universe. Nonetheless, Earth is the only place in the universe known to harbor life. Estimates of habitable zones around other stars, along with the discovery of hundreds of extrasolar planets and new insights into the extreme habitats here on Earth, suggest that there may be many more habitable places in the universe than considered possible until very recently. On 4 November 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler space mission data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs within the Milky Way. 11 billion of these estimated planets may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 12 light-years away, according to the scientists.