Introduction to the HR Diagram
... Important features of the HR diagram: The Y-axis is the total energy output of the star, called the Luminosity. The luminosity of stars is measured in units of the luminosity of the Sun or one solar luminosity. Thus a star that has a luminosity of 10 solar luminosities outputs 10 times more energ ...
... Important features of the HR diagram: The Y-axis is the total energy output of the star, called the Luminosity. The luminosity of stars is measured in units of the luminosity of the Sun or one solar luminosity. Thus a star that has a luminosity of 10 solar luminosities outputs 10 times more energ ...
58KB - NZQA
... collision occurred because the smaller planetary body was travelling faster than Earth. This collision caused both planets to melt and the outer layers of both planets to be ejected into space. A disk of orbiting material was formed and this matter eventually stuck together and formed the moon that ...
... collision occurred because the smaller planetary body was travelling faster than Earth. This collision caused both planets to melt and the outer layers of both planets to be ejected into space. A disk of orbiting material was formed and this matter eventually stuck together and formed the moon that ...
Gravity Basics The Power of Attraction
... Since the Sun is such a massive object, Earth and all the other planets in the solar system are attracted to it. You may be wondering why the planets don’t fall into the Sun directly. The only factor preventing this from happening is the speed at which the planets are traveling. ...
... Since the Sun is such a massive object, Earth and all the other planets in the solar system are attracted to it. You may be wondering why the planets don’t fall into the Sun directly. The only factor preventing this from happening is the speed at which the planets are traveling. ...
138KB - NZQA
... collision occurred because the smaller planetary body was travelling faster than Earth. This collision caused both planets to melt and the outer layers of both planets to be ejected into space. A disk of orbiting material was formed and this matter eventually stuck together and formed the moon that ...
... collision occurred because the smaller planetary body was travelling faster than Earth. This collision caused both planets to melt and the outer layers of both planets to be ejected into space. A disk of orbiting material was formed and this matter eventually stuck together and formed the moon that ...
Astronomy Syllabus - Jefferson Forest High School
... touch anything that is not yours or until instructed (including computers and equipment). Students will complete all work individually and on time. All homework is due when the tardy bell rings. If it is not turned in at that time, it is considered to be late. Work for other classes may NOT be compl ...
... touch anything that is not yours or until instructed (including computers and equipment). Students will complete all work individually and on time. All homework is due when the tardy bell rings. If it is not turned in at that time, it is considered to be late. Work for other classes may NOT be compl ...
File - Mr. Gray`s Class
... – Sometimes planets appear to begin moving “backward” or eastward across the night sky. This is called Retrograde motion. Please not that if you look these words up, the directions will be backwards because Astronomers pretend like you are living on the planet looking out. For our purposes we defi ...
... – Sometimes planets appear to begin moving “backward” or eastward across the night sky. This is called Retrograde motion. Please not that if you look these words up, the directions will be backwards because Astronomers pretend like you are living on the planet looking out. For our purposes we defi ...
The King Of The Planets
... is obviously the King of the planets and is only fit for a king”. o Jupiter is the biggest planet so you’ll have the whole planet to your self if you buy it! o Jupiter is pretty hot at temperatures of 284 degrees Fahrenheit! To us earthlings that’s pretty hot! Make sure you buy lots of tank tops and ...
... is obviously the King of the planets and is only fit for a king”. o Jupiter is the biggest planet so you’ll have the whole planet to your self if you buy it! o Jupiter is pretty hot at temperatures of 284 degrees Fahrenheit! To us earthlings that’s pretty hot! Make sure you buy lots of tank tops and ...
Stars & Constellations
... the North Star (which always points North). Once navigators had found North, they could observe its height in the sky and hence work out their latitude (how far North / South they are). Now they know how far North they are + the direction they’re traveling ...
... the North Star (which always points North). Once navigators had found North, they could observe its height in the sky and hence work out their latitude (how far North / South they are). Now they know how far North they are + the direction they’re traveling ...
Chapter19
... the cycle begins anew. AGB stars have thick, cool dust shells around them that absorb their visible light and re-emit it in the infrared. The gas in the planetary nebula was shed from the star while it was an AGB star. The star must be hot in order to produce ultraviolet radiation, which can ionize ...
... the cycle begins anew. AGB stars have thick, cool dust shells around them that absorb their visible light and re-emit it in the infrared. The gas in the planetary nebula was shed from the star while it was an AGB star. The star must be hot in order to produce ultraviolet radiation, which can ionize ...
AST 301 Introduction to Astronomy - University of Texas Astronomy
... to about ½ AU, and it will become more than 100 times more luminous than it is now. Life will not be pleasant on Earth. The core of the Sun will be mostly helium, and will continue to contract and heat up. When the temperature in the core reaches about 108 K (about 1 million years after the Sun leav ...
... to about ½ AU, and it will become more than 100 times more luminous than it is now. Life will not be pleasant on Earth. The core of the Sun will be mostly helium, and will continue to contract and heat up. When the temperature in the core reaches about 108 K (about 1 million years after the Sun leav ...
Pluto evidence
... Pluto is not a planet because it has not cleared out its local neighborhood. When a planet has cleared its local neighborhood, there are no other objects flying where it orbits. Any object that passes near the planet either gets pulled into the planet or gets flung away by the planet. Because the pl ...
... Pluto is not a planet because it has not cleared out its local neighborhood. When a planet has cleared its local neighborhood, there are no other objects flying where it orbits. Any object that passes near the planet either gets pulled into the planet or gets flung away by the planet. Because the pl ...
ELIZABETH KLARER: UFO Contactee and Space
... components of Alpha Centauri. These are the two larger stars, and these rotate about each other. Selo is closer to them in that vicinity, therefore Selo would receive greater intensity of radiation from these double stars. Proxima Centauri is very much farther away, but it still makes up a triplet s ...
... components of Alpha Centauri. These are the two larger stars, and these rotate about each other. Selo is closer to them in that vicinity, therefore Selo would receive greater intensity of radiation from these double stars. Proxima Centauri is very much farther away, but it still makes up a triplet s ...
(a) Because the core of heavy-mass star never reaches high enough
... (d) The mass of a star on the main sequence has nothing to do with its position in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. (e) Heavier main sequence stars have lower temperature than the lighter ones. Answer (a) 8. What do we need to measure in order to determine a star’s luminosity? (a) apparent brightnes ...
... (d) The mass of a star on the main sequence has nothing to do with its position in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. (e) Heavier main sequence stars have lower temperature than the lighter ones. Answer (a) 8. What do we need to measure in order to determine a star’s luminosity? (a) apparent brightnes ...
Communication with Extraterrestrial Intelligence (CETI)
... greater and easier to observe if the star mass is small. What we haven’t found thus far is a planet like the Earth orbiting its star at just the right distance so that its surface temperature might be conducive to permitting liquid water. This just-so region around any star is called the habitable z ...
... greater and easier to observe if the star mass is small. What we haven’t found thus far is a planet like the Earth orbiting its star at just the right distance so that its surface temperature might be conducive to permitting liquid water. This just-so region around any star is called the habitable z ...
Stars
... Clouds… this is where stars form • Usually gets an assist from a shock wave; from supernovae or from spiral density waves ...
... Clouds… this is where stars form • Usually gets an assist from a shock wave; from supernovae or from spiral density waves ...
August 2014 - Hermanus Astronomy
... come from Vesta. “But these cataclysms were not strong enough to pierce through the crust and reach the asteroid’s mantle,” Clenet said. The meteorites originating from Vesta and found on Earth confirm this since they generally lack olivine or contain only minute amounts compared to the amount obser ...
... come from Vesta. “But these cataclysms were not strong enough to pierce through the crust and reach the asteroid’s mantle,” Clenet said. The meteorites originating from Vesta and found on Earth confirm this since they generally lack olivine or contain only minute amounts compared to the amount obser ...
Construct an Ellipse Lab
... nearest What is the thousandth) approximate eccentricity of this elliptical orbit? ...
... nearest What is the thousandth) approximate eccentricity of this elliptical orbit? ...
chapter01 - California State University, Long Beach
... ly. We can find its true size by using the angular diameter formula L = 2DA/360, where D = distance, A = angle subtended, and L = linear diameter. Thus, L = 2 x 2.2x106 ly x 5 degrees / 360 degrees = 1.92x105 ly 6. A shell of gas has an angular diameter A = 0.1 degrees and a linear diameter L = 1 ...
... ly. We can find its true size by using the angular diameter formula L = 2DA/360, where D = distance, A = angle subtended, and L = linear diameter. Thus, L = 2 x 2.2x106 ly x 5 degrees / 360 degrees = 1.92x105 ly 6. A shell of gas has an angular diameter A = 0.1 degrees and a linear diameter L = 1 ...
Earth - Mrs. Christov`s Physical Geography Class
... There are twenty-four standard time zones, each with a central meridian of every 15° longitude. Twelve time zones to the west of the Prime Meridian receive a plus [+] sign. Twelve time zones to the east of the Prime Meridian receive a negative [-] sign. Within each time zone, the time is the same. ...
... There are twenty-four standard time zones, each with a central meridian of every 15° longitude. Twelve time zones to the west of the Prime Meridian receive a plus [+] sign. Twelve time zones to the east of the Prime Meridian receive a negative [-] sign. Within each time zone, the time is the same. ...
Chapter 18 Notes - Valdosta State University
... As the material in the nebula begins to accrete, the temperature begins to increase and a protostar is formed. This process continues until fusion begins and at this point the star is born and takes its place on the main sequence depending on its temperature and brightness. When the hydrogen is use ...
... As the material in the nebula begins to accrete, the temperature begins to increase and a protostar is formed. This process continues until fusion begins and at this point the star is born and takes its place on the main sequence depending on its temperature and brightness. When the hydrogen is use ...
PLANETS
... planetary system. The disk does not start at the star. Rather, its inner edge begins around 25 AU away, farther than the average orbital distance of Uranus in the Solar System. Its outer edge appears to extend as far out as 550 AUs away from the star. Analysis of Hubble Space Telescope data indicate ...
... planetary system. The disk does not start at the star. Rather, its inner edge begins around 25 AU away, farther than the average orbital distance of Uranus in the Solar System. Its outer edge appears to extend as far out as 550 AUs away from the star. Analysis of Hubble Space Telescope data indicate ...
1) The following questions refer to the HR diagram
... D) they are the end-products of small, low-mass stars. E) they are the opposite of black holes. 22) What happens to the surface temperature and luminosity when a protostar radiatively contracts? A) Its surface temperature remains the same and its luminosity decreases. B) Its surface temperature and ...
... D) they are the end-products of small, low-mass stars. E) they are the opposite of black holes. 22) What happens to the surface temperature and luminosity when a protostar radiatively contracts? A) Its surface temperature remains the same and its luminosity decreases. B) Its surface temperature and ...
ESSR_HOS_Panspermia_V01
... moderately powerful star. The alien microbe survives, emerges from its protective shell and spreads like the dickens. Thus began life on Earth, 3.8 billion years ago. Or so goes one aspect of a theory called panspermia, which holds that the stuff of life is everywhere and that we humans owe our gene ...
... moderately powerful star. The alien microbe survives, emerges from its protective shell and spreads like the dickens. Thus began life on Earth, 3.8 billion years ago. Or so goes one aspect of a theory called panspermia, which holds that the stuff of life is everywhere and that we humans owe our gene ...
Planetary habitability
Planetary habitability is the measure of a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to develop and sustain life. Life may develop directly on a planet or satellite or be transferred to it from another body, a theoretical process known as panspermia. As the existence of life beyond Earth is unknown, planetary habitability is largely an extrapolation of conditions on Earth and the characteristics of the Sun and Solar System which appear favourable to life's flourishing—in particular those factors that have sustained complex, multicellular organisms and not just simpler, unicellular creatures. Research and theory in this regard is a component of planetary science and the emerging discipline of astrobiology.An absolute requirement for life is an energy source, and the notion of planetary habitability implies that many other geophysical, geochemical, and astrophysical criteria must be met before an astronomical body can support life. In its astrobiology roadmap, NASA has defined the principal habitability criteria as ""extended regions of liquid water, conditions favourable for the assembly of complex organic molecules, and energy sources to sustain metabolism.""In determining the habitability potential of a body, studies focus on its bulk composition, orbital properties, atmosphere, and potential chemical interactions. Stellar characteristics of importance include mass and luminosity, stable variability, and high metallicity. Rocky, terrestrial-type planets and moons with the potential for Earth-like chemistry are a primary focus of astrobiological research, although more speculative habitability theories occasionally examine alternative biochemistries and other types of astronomical bodies.The idea that planets beyond Earth might host life is an ancient one, though historically it was framed by philosophy as much as physical science. The late 20th century saw two breakthroughs in the field. The observation and robotic spacecraft exploration of other planets and moons within the Solar System has provided critical information on defining habitability criteria and allowed for substantial geophysical comparisons between the Earth and other bodies. The discovery of extrasolar planets, beginning in the early 1990s and accelerating thereafter, has provided further information for the study of possible extraterrestrial life. These findings confirm that the Sun is not unique among stars in hosting planets and expands the habitability research horizon beyond the Solar System.The chemistry of life may have begun shortly after the Big Bang, 13.8 billion years ago, during a habitable epoch when the Universe was only 10–17 million years old. According to the panspermia hypothesis, microscopic life—distributed by meteoroids, asteroids and other small Solar System bodies—may exist throughout the universe. Nonetheless, Earth is the only place in the universe known to harbor life. Estimates of habitable zones around other stars, along with the discovery of hundreds of extrasolar planets and new insights into the extreme habitats here on Earth, suggest that there may be many more habitable places in the universe than considered possible until very recently. On 4 November 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler space mission data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs within the Milky Way. 11 billion of these estimated planets may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 12 light-years away, according to the scientists.