![Planets and Exoplanets 2011: Exercises to Atmospheres](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017510414_1-8a70de5f2c6131fdbc4778f47a6ba407-300x300.png)
Planets and Exoplanets 2011: Exercises to Atmospheres
... with σ the constant of Stefan-Boltzmann (5.670 × 10−8 W m−2 K−4 ), a the (wavelength independent and dimensionless) albedo of the planet, L the luminosity of the star (in W), and d the distance between the star and the planet (in m). In the following, we will derive Eq. 4. a. Write down the expressi ...
... with σ the constant of Stefan-Boltzmann (5.670 × 10−8 W m−2 K−4 ), a the (wavelength independent and dimensionless) albedo of the planet, L the luminosity of the star (in W), and d the distance between the star and the planet (in m). In the following, we will derive Eq. 4. a. Write down the expressi ...
Orbital Geometry Notes
... The Solar System • Looking at the Solar System Data table, most of the planets have fairly circular orbits (low eccentricities) with the exception of Mercury. ...
... The Solar System • Looking at the Solar System Data table, most of the planets have fairly circular orbits (low eccentricities) with the exception of Mercury. ...
Conjunctions an Oppositions
... Planets without a telescope look just like stars Except, they move relative to the stars ...
... Planets without a telescope look just like stars Except, they move relative to the stars ...
Conjunctions an Oppositions
... Planets without a telescope look just like stars Except, they move relative to the stars ...
... Planets without a telescope look just like stars Except, they move relative to the stars ...
Unit E Space Exploration Section 1 Notnd Space has changed over
... while cooler stars look red. ...
... while cooler stars look red. ...
Planets With Detectable Life - International Space Science Institute
... and we have defined the constraints that a life-bearing planet must satisfy. In our solar system, we have found only one planet that has life on it, Earth, and another that is at least in the habitable zone of our star, but may (or may not!) be too small to sustain a viable ecosystem. What about all ...
... and we have defined the constraints that a life-bearing planet must satisfy. In our solar system, we have found only one planet that has life on it, Earth, and another that is at least in the habitable zone of our star, but may (or may not!) be too small to sustain a viable ecosystem. What about all ...
Chapter 28 Notes
... causes super greenhouse effect • Surface temperature of 464C!! • Can be seen as a bright morning or evening “star” ...
... causes super greenhouse effect • Surface temperature of 464C!! • Can be seen as a bright morning or evening “star” ...
Class 2 Solar System Characteristics Formation Exosolar Planets
... dust can be detected because it absorbs ordinary starlight and re-emits it as infrared radiation. Features in dust disks may suggest the presence of planets. * Eclipsing binary: In an eclipsing double star system, the planet can be detected by finding variability in minima as it goes back and forth. ...
... dust can be detected because it absorbs ordinary starlight and re-emits it as infrared radiation. Features in dust disks may suggest the presence of planets. * Eclipsing binary: In an eclipsing double star system, the planet can be detected by finding variability in minima as it goes back and forth. ...
24exoplanets8s
... The best theory holds that large planets form in the outer protoplanetary disk and then move inward due to friction in the disk The magnetic field of the star may produce a “hole” in the inner disk, stopping the motion before the planet hits the star ...
... The best theory holds that large planets form in the outer protoplanetary disk and then move inward due to friction in the disk The magnetic field of the star may produce a “hole” in the inner disk, stopping the motion before the planet hits the star ...
Kuiper Belt - Shades of Blue
... Best Habitable World Candidate so far… Same average energy as Earth from the Sun Earth-like temperatures Earth-like terrestrial atmosphere but… 5 times mass of Earth ...
... Best Habitable World Candidate so far… Same average energy as Earth from the Sun Earth-like temperatures Earth-like terrestrial atmosphere but… 5 times mass of Earth ...
Level :3ASS3-4 School Year: 2009/2010 English
... Our solar system consists of an average star we call the Sun, the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. It includes also the satellites of the planets; numerous comets, asteroids, and meteoroids. The moon is the satellite rotating around the Erath and the ...
... Our solar system consists of an average star we call the Sun, the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. It includes also the satellites of the planets; numerous comets, asteroids, and meteoroids. The moon is the satellite rotating around the Erath and the ...
Questions to answer - high school teachers at CERN
... the star from that distance? 4.If there are stars like our sun is it possible to have planets like our planet? Are We Alone? ...
... the star from that distance? 4.If there are stars like our sun is it possible to have planets like our planet? Are We Alone? ...
Lesson 1- Space
... • Formed around the sun roughly 4.6 billion years ago • 8 planets (Pluto’s not a planet) – Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, ...
... • Formed around the sun roughly 4.6 billion years ago • 8 planets (Pluto’s not a planet) – Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, ...
The Night Sky
... A star is a massive luminous sphere of plasma, held together by its own gravity. Hot enough to sustain nuclear fusions and thus produce radiant energy. Other Stars: Betelgeuse-A star 600 times our sun. A dying star likely to go super nova. The Sun- The star at the center of our Solar System. Sustain ...
... A star is a massive luminous sphere of plasma, held together by its own gravity. Hot enough to sustain nuclear fusions and thus produce radiant energy. Other Stars: Betelgeuse-A star 600 times our sun. A dying star likely to go super nova. The Sun- The star at the center of our Solar System. Sustain ...
Chapter 13 Lesson 3 Notes
... ___________________ is best known for its rings, made of ice, dust, boulders, and frozen ___________________. Uranus also has many rings and moons. This planet rotates on a tilted axis that is tilted more than other planets. The fastest winds in our solar system occur on ___________________. As far ...
... ___________________ is best known for its rings, made of ice, dust, boulders, and frozen ___________________. Uranus also has many rings and moons. This planet rotates on a tilted axis that is tilted more than other planets. The fastest winds in our solar system occur on ___________________. As far ...
Lecture 1 Review Sheet
... Explain the significance of the cosmic microwave background radiation. What wavelength did it start out as? What does it record? Explain the nebular theory of planet formation Why is the Earth a sphere? List all the planets and dwarf planets from closest to farthest from the sun What does it mean wh ...
... Explain the significance of the cosmic microwave background radiation. What wavelength did it start out as? What does it record? Explain the nebular theory of planet formation Why is the Earth a sphere? List all the planets and dwarf planets from closest to farthest from the sun What does it mean wh ...
Our Solar System
... Discovered through math 7 known moons Triton largest moon Great Dark Spot thought to be a hole, similar to the hole in the ozone layer on Earth ...
... Discovered through math 7 known moons Triton largest moon Great Dark Spot thought to be a hole, similar to the hole in the ozone layer on Earth ...
Solar System Study Guide for both quiz and test Solar System: a
... Solar System Study Guide for both quiz and test Solar System: a group of objects in space that move around a central star. Our solar system includes the sun, eight planets, the planets’ moons, asteroids, comets, and dwarf planets. Planets: a large celestial object that moves around a star. Terrestri ...
... Solar System Study Guide for both quiz and test Solar System: a group of objects in space that move around a central star. Our solar system includes the sun, eight planets, the planets’ moons, asteroids, comets, and dwarf planets. Planets: a large celestial object that moves around a star. Terrestri ...
BABYLON and SUMERIA 3000BC
... planets. They advised the king about how their observations affected the calendar. And they advised the king about how omens seen on earth or in the skies might effect future events. ...
... planets. They advised the king about how their observations affected the calendar. And they advised the king about how omens seen on earth or in the skies might effect future events. ...
Name: Astronomy Study Guide Part 1 Define Astronomy
... Month- Length of time for the moon to revolve around earth Year- Length of time for Earth to revolve around sun 365.25 days Calendar- years, months, and days based on our celestial objects Leap Year- Feb 29 once every 4 years to make up for our 365.25 day solar year ...
... Month- Length of time for the moon to revolve around earth Year- Length of time for Earth to revolve around sun 365.25 days Calendar- years, months, and days based on our celestial objects Leap Year- Feb 29 once every 4 years to make up for our 365.25 day solar year ...
Lecture 1 Review Sheet
... Explain the significance of the cosmic microwave background radiation. What wavelength did it start out as? What does it record? Explain the nebular theory of planet formation Why is the Earth a sphere? List all the planets and dwarf planets from closest to farthest from the sun What does it mean wh ...
... Explain the significance of the cosmic microwave background radiation. What wavelength did it start out as? What does it record? Explain the nebular theory of planet formation Why is the Earth a sphere? List all the planets and dwarf planets from closest to farthest from the sun What does it mean wh ...
Know wonder sunmoonearth
... Things besides planets orbit the sun. Pluto is now a dwarf planet Because they thought it was way too small. It’s not close enough to our solar system. It takes the earth 365 to go around the sun. A new planet X. Sun is a huge star. Made out of burning gasses. The earth is an Inner core outer core a ...
... Things besides planets orbit the sun. Pluto is now a dwarf planet Because they thought it was way too small. It’s not close enough to our solar system. It takes the earth 365 to go around the sun. A new planet X. Sun is a huge star. Made out of burning gasses. The earth is an Inner core outer core a ...
Topic E: Astrophysics
... disk, then you get an elliptical galaxy. if the gas has time to stabalize into a disk before it is all used up, then you get a spiral galaxy. Or perhaps some of the elliptical galaxies are made from ...
... disk, then you get an elliptical galaxy. if the gas has time to stabalize into a disk before it is all used up, then you get a spiral galaxy. Or perhaps some of the elliptical galaxies are made from ...
Planetary habitability
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg?width=300)
Planetary habitability is the measure of a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to develop and sustain life. Life may develop directly on a planet or satellite or be transferred to it from another body, a theoretical process known as panspermia. As the existence of life beyond Earth is unknown, planetary habitability is largely an extrapolation of conditions on Earth and the characteristics of the Sun and Solar System which appear favourable to life's flourishing—in particular those factors that have sustained complex, multicellular organisms and not just simpler, unicellular creatures. Research and theory in this regard is a component of planetary science and the emerging discipline of astrobiology.An absolute requirement for life is an energy source, and the notion of planetary habitability implies that many other geophysical, geochemical, and astrophysical criteria must be met before an astronomical body can support life. In its astrobiology roadmap, NASA has defined the principal habitability criteria as ""extended regions of liquid water, conditions favourable for the assembly of complex organic molecules, and energy sources to sustain metabolism.""In determining the habitability potential of a body, studies focus on its bulk composition, orbital properties, atmosphere, and potential chemical interactions. Stellar characteristics of importance include mass and luminosity, stable variability, and high metallicity. Rocky, terrestrial-type planets and moons with the potential for Earth-like chemistry are a primary focus of astrobiological research, although more speculative habitability theories occasionally examine alternative biochemistries and other types of astronomical bodies.The idea that planets beyond Earth might host life is an ancient one, though historically it was framed by philosophy as much as physical science. The late 20th century saw two breakthroughs in the field. The observation and robotic spacecraft exploration of other planets and moons within the Solar System has provided critical information on defining habitability criteria and allowed for substantial geophysical comparisons between the Earth and other bodies. The discovery of extrasolar planets, beginning in the early 1990s and accelerating thereafter, has provided further information for the study of possible extraterrestrial life. These findings confirm that the Sun is not unique among stars in hosting planets and expands the habitability research horizon beyond the Solar System.The chemistry of life may have begun shortly after the Big Bang, 13.8 billion years ago, during a habitable epoch when the Universe was only 10–17 million years old. According to the panspermia hypothesis, microscopic life—distributed by meteoroids, asteroids and other small Solar System bodies—may exist throughout the universe. Nonetheless, Earth is the only place in the universe known to harbor life. Estimates of habitable zones around other stars, along with the discovery of hundreds of extrasolar planets and new insights into the extreme habitats here on Earth, suggest that there may be many more habitable places in the universe than considered possible until very recently. On 4 November 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler space mission data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs within the Milky Way. 11 billion of these estimated planets may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 12 light-years away, according to the scientists.