Practical part
... The calculation of transaminase activity. 1 unit of alanine aminotransferase is such quantity of enzyme, which produce 1 g of pyruvate under described conditions. The calculation of enzyme activity to micromoles of pyruvate, formed by 1 ml of serum in one hour is provided according to formula: A = ...
... The calculation of transaminase activity. 1 unit of alanine aminotransferase is such quantity of enzyme, which produce 1 g of pyruvate under described conditions. The calculation of enzyme activity to micromoles of pyruvate, formed by 1 ml of serum in one hour is provided according to formula: A = ...
Regulation of metabolism by dietary carbohydrates in two lines of
... Recently, two experimental lines of rainbow trout have been developed through divergent selection for low or high muscle fat content (Quillet et al., 2005). Metabolic studies suggest that the two lines differ in utilisation of energy sources when fed diets differing in lipid content but with a const ...
... Recently, two experimental lines of rainbow trout have been developed through divergent selection for low or high muscle fat content (Quillet et al., 2005). Metabolic studies suggest that the two lines differ in utilisation of energy sources when fed diets differing in lipid content but with a const ...
Hydrogen peroxide production regulates the mitochondrial
... were the first to propose that under high exposure to fatty acids, glucose utilization is substantially reduced in different tissues including skeletal muscle. The mechanism behind this biochemical process was known as the glucose–fatty acid cycle. Under such condition, the elevated content of acetyl ...
... were the first to propose that under high exposure to fatty acids, glucose utilization is substantially reduced in different tissues including skeletal muscle. The mechanism behind this biochemical process was known as the glucose–fatty acid cycle. Under such condition, the elevated content of acetyl ...
Glucose utilization by Streptomyces griseus
... fully consistent with the respirometric findings. It should be noted, however, that the pH optima for both glucose and phosphate utilization are extremely sharp. Although the initial pH was the same in all treatments (pH 7.3)the final pH may have risen to values giving faster rates of utilization wh ...
... fully consistent with the respirometric findings. It should be noted, however, that the pH optima for both glucose and phosphate utilization are extremely sharp. Although the initial pH was the same in all treatments (pH 7.3)the final pH may have risen to values giving faster rates of utilization wh ...
Oakland Schools Biology Resource Unit
... 7. Enzyme proteins - serve as chemical catalysts in regulating almost all chemical activity (reactions) in the body More information about enzymes • Enzymes are large proteins that act as catalysts. What is a catalyst? Catalysts either jump start or speed up the rate of a chemical reaction. • Cataly ...
... 7. Enzyme proteins - serve as chemical catalysts in regulating almost all chemical activity (reactions) in the body More information about enzymes • Enzymes are large proteins that act as catalysts. What is a catalyst? Catalysts either jump start or speed up the rate of a chemical reaction. • Cataly ...
"Fermentation Pathways". In: Microbial Physiology (Fourth Edition)
... neutral or slightly acid pH and an anaerobic environment. The major products formed under these conditions are carbon dioxide and ethanol. The sequence of reactions involved in this pathway is presented in Figure 8-1. However, certain facets of the alcoholic fermentation of yeast bear additional con ...
... neutral or slightly acid pH and an anaerobic environment. The major products formed under these conditions are carbon dioxide and ethanol. The sequence of reactions involved in this pathway is presented in Figure 8-1. However, certain facets of the alcoholic fermentation of yeast bear additional con ...
Document
... Is the energy form stored in cells. Is obtained from the oxidation of food. Consists of adenine (nitrogen base), a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups. Requires 7.3 (31 kJ) per mole to convert ADP + Pi to ATP. ...
... Is the energy form stored in cells. Is obtained from the oxidation of food. Consists of adenine (nitrogen base), a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups. Requires 7.3 (31 kJ) per mole to convert ADP + Pi to ATP. ...
MIBCB Syllabus
... they are already familiar with the research methodology. Carry over system A student is supposed to pass all the 5 topics at the modular examination. The candidates can move to the second and third semesters of the course, irrespective of whether they cleared the exams of the previous modules. Howev ...
... they are already familiar with the research methodology. Carry over system A student is supposed to pass all the 5 topics at the modular examination. The candidates can move to the second and third semesters of the course, irrespective of whether they cleared the exams of the previous modules. Howev ...
(TCA) cycle
... 5.1 Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate Pyruvate is oxidized by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex to acetyl-CoA and CO2 reducing NAD+ under aerobic conditions The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex consists of (1) 24 molecules of pyruvate dehydrogenase containing thiamin ...
... 5.1 Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate Pyruvate is oxidized by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex to acetyl-CoA and CO2 reducing NAD+ under aerobic conditions The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex consists of (1) 24 molecules of pyruvate dehydrogenase containing thiamin ...
22. pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle
... molecular oxygen. Since only Mg and an adenylic acid (ATP, ADP or AMP) had to be added, this finding meant that mitochondria contain not only all the enzymes and coenzymes required for the citric acid cycle but also those needed to transport the electrons from the substrate to molecular oxygen. Late ...
... molecular oxygen. Since only Mg and an adenylic acid (ATP, ADP or AMP) had to be added, this finding meant that mitochondria contain not only all the enzymes and coenzymes required for the citric acid cycle but also those needed to transport the electrons from the substrate to molecular oxygen. Late ...
Mechanistic model of cardiac energy metabolism predicts
... domain consisting of blood plasma and interstitial fluid, which for simplicity is called “blood.” Within the extravascular tissue cells, we distinguished two domains: the cytosol and mitochondria. Between domains (blood-cytosol and cytosol-mitochondria), molecular transport can occur by passive diff ...
... domain consisting of blood plasma and interstitial fluid, which for simplicity is called “blood.” Within the extravascular tissue cells, we distinguished two domains: the cytosol and mitochondria. Between domains (blood-cytosol and cytosol-mitochondria), molecular transport can occur by passive diff ...
Pancreatic secretion
... The pancreatic enzyme for digesting carbohydrates is pancreatic amylase, which hydrolyzes starches, glycogen, and most other carbohydrates (except cellulose) to form mostly disaccharides and a few trisaccharides. The main enzymes for fat digestion are (1) pancreatic lipase, which is capable of hydro ...
... The pancreatic enzyme for digesting carbohydrates is pancreatic amylase, which hydrolyzes starches, glycogen, and most other carbohydrates (except cellulose) to form mostly disaccharides and a few trisaccharides. The main enzymes for fat digestion are (1) pancreatic lipase, which is capable of hydro ...
Bioenergetics, glycolysis, metabolism of monosaccharides and
... Where: ΔGo is the standard free energy change, R is the gas constant (1.987 cal/mol . degree), T is the absolute temperature (K), [A] and [B] are the actual concentrations of the reactant and product, ln represents the natural logarithm. Example: for non-equilibirium conditions (see the figure) gluc ...
... Where: ΔGo is the standard free energy change, R is the gas constant (1.987 cal/mol . degree), T is the absolute temperature (K), [A] and [B] are the actual concentrations of the reactant and product, ln represents the natural logarithm. Example: for non-equilibirium conditions (see the figure) gluc ...
Cellular Respiration
... chemical energy of "food" is converted into ATP. • Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins can all be used as fuel for cellular respiration, but for our purposes we will look at how glucose is used. ...
... chemical energy of "food" is converted into ATP. • Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins can all be used as fuel for cellular respiration, but for our purposes we will look at how glucose is used. ...
Chapter 6 Slides
... 6.9 The citric acid cycle completes the oxidation of organic molecules, generating many NADH and FADH2 molecules The citric acid cycle – is also called the Krebs cycle (after the German-British researcher Hans Krebs, who worked out much of this pathway in the 1930s), – completes the oxidation of ...
... 6.9 The citric acid cycle completes the oxidation of organic molecules, generating many NADH and FADH2 molecules The citric acid cycle – is also called the Krebs cycle (after the German-British researcher Hans Krebs, who worked out much of this pathway in the 1930s), – completes the oxidation of ...
2. Genetic code is degenerate（简并性）
... amino acid utilizing ATP to create an aminoacyl adenylate intermediate. Then, the appropriate tRNA displaces the AMP. ...
... amino acid utilizing ATP to create an aminoacyl adenylate intermediate. Then, the appropriate tRNA displaces the AMP. ...
COX-1 And COX-2 Enzymes Synthesize Prostaglandins and Are
... different parts of the body. The enzymes convert arachidonic acid, a fatty acid in cell membranes, into prostaglandins, modified fatty acids attached to a ring of five carbons. COX stands for cyclooxygenase meaning that it is an enzyme that oxidizes a substrate. The prostaglandins that the two enzym ...
... different parts of the body. The enzymes convert arachidonic acid, a fatty acid in cell membranes, into prostaglandins, modified fatty acids attached to a ring of five carbons. COX stands for cyclooxygenase meaning that it is an enzyme that oxidizes a substrate. The prostaglandins that the two enzym ...
Cellular Respiration
... All Types of Molecules can be used to form ATP by Cell Respiration: Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids must first be broken down into their monomers and absorbed in the small intestine. ...
... All Types of Molecules can be used to form ATP by Cell Respiration: Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids must first be broken down into their monomers and absorbed in the small intestine. ...
THE CITRIC ACID CYCLE
... through an amide bond to the -amino group of a Lys residue (Fig. 16–4). E2 has three functionally distinct domains (Fig. 16–5c): the amino-terminal lipoyl domain, containing the lipoyl-Lys residue(s); the central E1- and E3-binding domain; and the inner-core acyltransferase domain, which contains t ...
... through an amide bond to the -amino group of a Lys residue (Fig. 16–4). E2 has three functionally distinct domains (Fig. 16–5c): the amino-terminal lipoyl domain, containing the lipoyl-Lys residue(s); the central E1- and E3-binding domain; and the inner-core acyltransferase domain, which contains t ...
Large Amounts of Nicotinic Acid and Vitamin B12 in the Treatment of
... acids can be synthesized by most microorganisms (e.g. intestinal bacteria in man and rat) grown on simple synthetic media. There is evidence that, in the presence of ATP and CoA, PABA reacts with glutamic acid to form p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid. The latter can react with a pterin to produce pteroy ...
... acids can be synthesized by most microorganisms (e.g. intestinal bacteria in man and rat) grown on simple synthetic media. There is evidence that, in the presence of ATP and CoA, PABA reacts with glutamic acid to form p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid. The latter can react with a pterin to produce pteroy ...
