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... • The double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids form ‘kinks’ so the molecules cannot pack together to form solids. • saturated fatty acids can pack together closely and can form solids. ...
Intermediary Metabolism of Carbohydrate, Protein, and Fat
Intermediary Metabolism of Carbohydrate, Protein, and Fat

... with its conversion to fructose 6-phosphate by phosphoglucose isomerase (Fig. 1). Phosphofructokinase then catalyzes the phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is cleaved by aldolase into the two triose phosphates glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate an ...
Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning
Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning

... some macromolecules are made up of several copies of single units called monomer (mono- = one; -mer = part). Like beads in a long necklace, these monomers link by covalent bonds to form long polymers (poly= many). There are many examples of monomers and polymers among the organic compounds. ...
T Dx test II
T Dx test II

... offspring d. strength, in a predator e. fleetness, in a prey 46) Steroid hormones take longer than other hormones to produce their effect. This is because a. their target cells must formulate new proteins before an effect can take place b. second messengers act slowly c. they are large molecules and ...
NUTRIENTS ABSORPTION AND ASSIMILATION - Sally
NUTRIENTS ABSORPTION AND ASSIMILATION - Sally

... in order to use them. Bile acids produced by the liver act as natural „detergents‟ if you like, which dissolve fat in water allowing the enzymes to break the large fat molecules into smaller ones – some of which are fatty acids and cholesterol. Dishwashing liquid is a good example of how this happen ...
Cellular Respiration Check-in Questions: THESE Questions are
Cellular Respiration Check-in Questions: THESE Questions are

... a. The function of the citric acid cycle is oxidation of an acetyl group to CO2 with production of high-energy reduced compounds and ATP. b. The function of fermentation is to continue the oxidation of pyruvate in the absence of oxygen. c. The function of glycolysis is to begin catabolism by breakin ...
digestion notes 09 H
digestion notes 09 H

... • Sends bile to the gallbladder until its release into the small intestine • Has other functions besides digestion 1. Breaks down and recycles red blood cells 2. Detoxifies blood—removes alcohol and drugs 3. Produces cholesterol necessary for structure of cell membranes 4. Produces the nitrogenous w ...
practice midterm
practice midterm

... statement. Letters may be used once, more than once or not at all. A. Mitochondria B. Golgi bodies C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum D. Lysosomes E. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 38) Digests damaged organelles. 39) Sorts our mixtures of protein and sends them to their proper destination. 40) Site of pro ...
Macromolecules
Macromolecules

... as it has lost an oxygen) joined to a phosphate group and one of four bases (adenine, A; guanine, G; cytosine, C; and thymine, T). In the double helix, each base pairs up with another base to form a base pair (bp). A always pairs with T and C with G. These four bases are the ‘letters’ of the genetic ...
Unit 2 Exam Biochem, Cell Bio, Metabolism
Unit 2 Exam Biochem, Cell Bio, Metabolism

... List the four principal types of biological molecules and give an example of each. What roles do nucleotides play in living organisms? Describe and compare dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis. Give an example of a substance formed using each chemical reaction, and describe the specific reaction in ...
Aromatic Amino Acid Metabolism
Aromatic Amino Acid Metabolism

Chapter 26 - s3.amazonaws.com
Chapter 26 - s3.amazonaws.com

... • Alanine circulates to liver, where it is converted back to pyruvate - food for gluconeogenesis • This is a fuel of last resort for the fasting or exhausted organism ...
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3.2 Carbohydrates, Lipids and Proteins

... most abundant organic compound found in living cells. ...
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coupling membrane

... cup-shaped to increase surface area and thus exchange metabolites with cytosol). ...
chapter3_Sections 1
chapter3_Sections 1

... bundles of long fibers ...
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III: Cells Utilizing Oxygen to Form Lipid Regulators and

... 7) PROSTACYCLIN* synthesis and release (resting state) (PGI2) prevents platelet aggregation arachidonic phospholipid PGG2 PGI2 acid phospholipase A2 ...
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chapter 4 pptol

... Electron transport system cannot accept new electrons from NADH Pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid Glycolysis is inhibited Q8 IN ANIMALS WHAT IS THE OUTPUT OF FERMENTATION? ...
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Exam 2 for Review - philipdarrenjones.com

... 38) A patient has had a serious accident and lost a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water, equal to the volume of blood lost, is transferred directly into one of his veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion? A) It will have no unfavorable effec ...
Monomers are atoms or small molecules that bond together to form
Monomers are atoms or small molecules that bond together to form

... Amino Acids: The building blocks of protein. Amino acids are the monomers that build a polymer called protein. ƒ There are 20 amino acid monomers but they all have a general structure of: à A Central Carbon (C) à An Amino group (NH3) à A carboxyl or acid (COO-) à A Hydrogen (H à The R group (20 diff ...
here - Division St. CrossFit
here - Division St. CrossFit

... Basic building blocks that are used to build, maintain, and repair cells, enzymes, immune system and hormones ...
Cud talk
Cud talk

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chapter review questions
chapter review questions

... There aren’t as many electrons in the cytosol. The cytosolic electrons must be shuttled to the matrix at a loss of energy. The cytosolic electrons are transported to a different ATP synthase that is less efficient. They are smaller electrons. ...
Contents - Garland Science
Contents - Garland Science

... CoA and then transferred to acyl carrier protein via a malonyl CoA:ACP transacylase For the assembly of an 18C fatty acid from acetyl CoA using type II fatty acid synthase, 48 reactions are necessary and at least 12 different proteins involved ...
1Digestive System
1Digestive System

...  Vitamins and carbohydrates are stored in the liver. ...
A1982NC82400001
A1982NC82400001

... Tissue cell cultures grew in free gas ex- HeLa cell line, revealed that the essential change with the atmosphere when the bicar- amino acids could be incorporated in media bonate buffer was replaced by the free base at much higher concentrations and that he amino acids, especially L-arginine. Glycol ...
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Fatty acid metabolism

Fatty acids are a family of molecules classified within the lipid macronutrient class. One role of fatty acids within animal metabolism is energy production in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. When compared to other macronutrient classes (carbohydrates and protein), fatty acids yield the most ATP on an energy per gram basis by a pathway called β-oxidation. In addition, fatty acids are important for energy storage, phospholipid membrane formation, and signaling pathways. Fatty acid metabolism consists of catabolic processes that generate energy and primary metabolites from fatty acids, and anabolic processes that create biologically important molecules from fatty acids and other dietary sources.
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