C454_lect10 - University of Wisconsin
... Surplus amino acids are used for fuel. Carbon skeleton is converted to Acetyl–CoA Acetoacetyl–CoA Pyruvate Citric acid cycle intermediate ...
... Surplus amino acids are used for fuel. Carbon skeleton is converted to Acetyl–CoA Acetoacetyl–CoA Pyruvate Citric acid cycle intermediate ...
Preview Sample 2 - Test Bank, Manual Solution, Solution Manual
... Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds and unsaturated fatty acids do have double bonds between carbon atoms. Saturated fats are associated with cardiovascular disease. Even more harmful than naturally occurring saturated fats are the so-called trans fats, which are in vegetable oils that have b ...
... Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds and unsaturated fatty acids do have double bonds between carbon atoms. Saturated fats are associated with cardiovascular disease. Even more harmful than naturally occurring saturated fats are the so-called trans fats, which are in vegetable oils that have b ...
AP Biology Ch. 9 Fermentation and Quiz Ppt
... In plant cells without oxygen, the pyruvate is broken down by fermentation. This process produces CO2 and alcohol, along with a small amount of ATP This process is used in baking and to produce alcoholic beverages. ...
... In plant cells without oxygen, the pyruvate is broken down by fermentation. This process produces CO2 and alcohol, along with a small amount of ATP This process is used in baking and to produce alcoholic beverages. ...
BIOCHEMISTRY (CHEM 360)
... drive its transport. (4) The transport protein is needed to prevent the hydrolysis of the phospholipid chains as water crosses the membrane. ...
... drive its transport. (4) The transport protein is needed to prevent the hydrolysis of the phospholipid chains as water crosses the membrane. ...
Cellular Respiration
... Lactic Acid Fermentation • The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate into lactic acid and converts NADH into NAD+. • Usually blood can remove the lactate, however if this does not happen muscle fatigue results. ...
... Lactic Acid Fermentation • The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate into lactic acid and converts NADH into NAD+. • Usually blood can remove the lactate, however if this does not happen muscle fatigue results. ...
Digestive System
... • if levels drop, glycogen reserves in liver provide more glucose for blood – glycogenolysis - break down glycogen – also gluconeogenesis - form glucose from fats & proteins ...
... • if levels drop, glycogen reserves in liver provide more glucose for blood – glycogenolysis - break down glycogen – also gluconeogenesis - form glucose from fats & proteins ...
AP Biology Review Notes - Gooch
... Oxidative phosphorylation is the term used because oxygen is necessary to work and because ADP is phosphorylated. Oxidative phosphorylation produces 32 to 34 ATP per glucose to give a grand total in cellular respiration of 36-38 ATP. ...
... Oxidative phosphorylation is the term used because oxygen is necessary to work and because ADP is phosphorylated. Oxidative phosphorylation produces 32 to 34 ATP per glucose to give a grand total in cellular respiration of 36-38 ATP. ...
Four Types of Organic Molecules
... cellulose (plants produce for cell wall construction.) indigestible because we lack enzymes to break it down. ...
... cellulose (plants produce for cell wall construction.) indigestible because we lack enzymes to break it down. ...
![JVB112 gluconeogenesis[1]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/000939420_1-ae0fa12f0b4eac306770097ba9ecae40-300x300.png)
JVB112 gluconeogenesis[1]
... -The biosynthesis of new glucose -Substrates for gluconeogenesis include lactate, pyruvate, glycerol and glucogenic amino acids -Under normal circumstances, the liver is responsible for 85%95% of the glucose that is made **during starvation or metabolic acidosis, the kidney is capable of making gluc ...
... -The biosynthesis of new glucose -Substrates for gluconeogenesis include lactate, pyruvate, glycerol and glucogenic amino acids -Under normal circumstances, the liver is responsible for 85%95% of the glucose that is made **during starvation or metabolic acidosis, the kidney is capable of making gluc ...
![JVB112 gluconeogenesis[1]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/005255251_1-e457e3f80be2f5d8ecf577d50c416034-300x300.png)
JVB112 gluconeogenesis[1]
... a. Pyruvate formed from glucose by glycolysis in the muscle cells and erythrocytes is converted to lactate by LDH b. Lactate is released into the blood, taken up by the liver, and converted to pyruvate by LDH c. Pyruvate is converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis in the liver and is released into t ...
... a. Pyruvate formed from glucose by glycolysis in the muscle cells and erythrocytes is converted to lactate by LDH b. Lactate is released into the blood, taken up by the liver, and converted to pyruvate by LDH c. Pyruvate is converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis in the liver and is released into t ...
Microbiology: A Systems Approach, 2nd ed.
... • Catabolism: the breakdown of bonds of larger molecules into smaller molecules (often release energy) • Functions of metabolism – Assembles smaller molecules into larger macromolecules needed for the cell – Degrades macromolecules into smaller molecules and yields energy – Energy is conserved in th ...
... • Catabolism: the breakdown of bonds of larger molecules into smaller molecules (often release energy) • Functions of metabolism – Assembles smaller molecules into larger macromolecules needed for the cell – Degrades macromolecules into smaller molecules and yields energy – Energy is conserved in th ...
Glucose homeostasis in the blood (2) – un-storing energy
... be used to maintain those muscles. Therefore even a body builder can’t last a week on their glycogen! After the glycogen stores have been exhausted new glucose still needs to enter the blood stream for Figure 9: In long-term the brain and the red blood cells. The liver will begin to rely more on fas ...
... be used to maintain those muscles. Therefore even a body builder can’t last a week on their glycogen! After the glycogen stores have been exhausted new glucose still needs to enter the blood stream for Figure 9: In long-term the brain and the red blood cells. The liver will begin to rely more on fas ...
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules
... 2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules • Carbohydrates can be broken down to provide energy for cells. • Some carbohydrates are part of cell structure. Polymer (starch) Starch is a polymer of glucose monomers that often has a branched structure. ...
... 2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules • Carbohydrates can be broken down to provide energy for cells. • Some carbohydrates are part of cell structure. Polymer (starch) Starch is a polymer of glucose monomers that often has a branched structure. ...
Energy Releasing Pathway
... How many CO2 are liberated per acetic acid? Per glucose? As H+’s are removed then a P jumps on only to be removed to form ATP. ...
... How many CO2 are liberated per acetic acid? Per glucose? As H+’s are removed then a P jumps on only to be removed to form ATP. ...
Vitamins - Mushrooms Canada
... mushrooms (approximately 1 cup raw). Folate 3% DV (11 mcg) • Plays an essential role in building new body cells, by helping to make DNA and RNA. • Works with vitamin B12 to form hemoglobin in red blood cells. Prevents megaloblastic anemia. • The Dietary Reference Intake or DRI for women of child-bea ...
... mushrooms (approximately 1 cup raw). Folate 3% DV (11 mcg) • Plays an essential role in building new body cells, by helping to make DNA and RNA. • Works with vitamin B12 to form hemoglobin in red blood cells. Prevents megaloblastic anemia. • The Dietary Reference Intake or DRI for women of child-bea ...
The Kreb`s Cycle - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... • The citric acid cycle, which takes place in the mitochondrial matrix, completes the breakdown of glucose by oxidizing a derivative of pyruvate to carbon dioxide. • In the third stage, the electron transport chain accepts electrons from the breakdown products of the first two stages and passes thes ...
... • The citric acid cycle, which takes place in the mitochondrial matrix, completes the breakdown of glucose by oxidizing a derivative of pyruvate to carbon dioxide. • In the third stage, the electron transport chain accepts electrons from the breakdown products of the first two stages and passes thes ...
Lecture notes Chapters 10
... O O Butaned ioic acid Pen tanedioic acid Hexan edioic acid (Succinic acid) (Glutaric acid) (Ad ipic acid) Physical properties of carboxylic acids: 1. They are so polar because they contain three polar covalent bonds (C=O, C-O, and O-H). 2. They have higher boiling points than other types of organic ...
... O O Butaned ioic acid Pen tanedioic acid Hexan edioic acid (Succinic acid) (Glutaric acid) (Ad ipic acid) Physical properties of carboxylic acids: 1. They are so polar because they contain three polar covalent bonds (C=O, C-O, and O-H). 2. They have higher boiling points than other types of organic ...
Document
... are mediators and have a variety of strong physiological effects, such as regulating the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle tissue. Prostaglandins are not endocrine hormones, but autocrine or paracrine, which are locally acting messenger molecules. They differ from hormones in that they are ...
... are mediators and have a variety of strong physiological effects, such as regulating the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle tissue. Prostaglandins are not endocrine hormones, but autocrine or paracrine, which are locally acting messenger molecules. They differ from hormones in that they are ...
Mitochondrial Inputs - School of Applied Physiology
... • Convert Glucose to Pyruvate – Yield 2 ATP + 2 NADH per glucose – Consume 2 ATP to form 2x glyceraldehyde phosphate – Produce 2 ATP + 1 NADH per GAP ...
... • Convert Glucose to Pyruvate – Yield 2 ATP + 2 NADH per glucose – Consume 2 ATP to form 2x glyceraldehyde phosphate – Produce 2 ATP + 1 NADH per GAP ...
CARBOHYDRATES Carbohydrates are made up of carbon
... There are also 10 non essential amino acids. CLASSIFICATION OF PROTEINS Proteins can be classified into two, 1. First class proteins. These are the proteins that contains all the essential amino acids e.g. soya beans, and most animal proteins. 2. Second class proteins. These are proteins that lack o ...
... There are also 10 non essential amino acids. CLASSIFICATION OF PROTEINS Proteins can be classified into two, 1. First class proteins. These are the proteins that contains all the essential amino acids e.g. soya beans, and most animal proteins. 2. Second class proteins. These are proteins that lack o ...