Novel targets for tuberculosis drug discovery
... Targeting cofactor biosynthesis Folate derivatives are cofactors utilized in the biosynthesis of essential molecules including purines, pyrimidines and amino acids. Whereas bacteria synthesize folate de novo, mammals must assimilate preformed folate derivatives through an active transport system. Tw ...
... Targeting cofactor biosynthesis Folate derivatives are cofactors utilized in the biosynthesis of essential molecules including purines, pyrimidines and amino acids. Whereas bacteria synthesize folate de novo, mammals must assimilate preformed folate derivatives through an active transport system. Tw ...
The Endogenous Citric Acid-Cycle Intermediates and Amino Acids
... Department of Biochemi8try, Univeraity of Oxford (Received 3 Auguqt 1961) It is well known that mitochondria isolated from a variety of animal tissues absorb oxygen when incubated without added substrate (e.g. Minnaert, 1960). Since a large proportion of the enzymes of the citric acid cycle are foun ...
... Department of Biochemi8try, Univeraity of Oxford (Received 3 Auguqt 1961) It is well known that mitochondria isolated from a variety of animal tissues absorb oxygen when incubated without added substrate (e.g. Minnaert, 1960). Since a large proportion of the enzymes of the citric acid cycle are foun ...
Glutamine and glutamate—their central role in cell metabolism and
... finally malate) followed by the action of NADPþdependent malic enzyme to create pyruvate which undergoes amination to produce L-alanine via the action of alanine transaminase (Figure 3). The NADH and FADH2 generated via this pathway are used for electron donation to the electron transport chain in t ...
... finally malate) followed by the action of NADPþdependent malic enzyme to create pyruvate which undergoes amination to produce L-alanine via the action of alanine transaminase (Figure 3). The NADH and FADH2 generated via this pathway are used for electron donation to the electron transport chain in t ...
Microsoft Word
... with trifluroacetic acid (TFA) in CH2Cl2 furnished the respective TFA salts 10 and 12. Based on the earlier findings on /-peptides10c,d from (S)-β-Caa and L-Ala resulting in right-handed 9/11-mixed helices and new three residue ‘turn motifs’, a further study was undertaken on the generalization of ...
... with trifluroacetic acid (TFA) in CH2Cl2 furnished the respective TFA salts 10 and 12. Based on the earlier findings on /-peptides10c,d from (S)-β-Caa and L-Ala resulting in right-handed 9/11-mixed helices and new three residue ‘turn motifs’, a further study was undertaken on the generalization of ...
New Insight into the Role of the Calvin Cycle: Reutilization
... could not be precisely determined, owing to 13C accumulation in the CoA backbone, so that the results for CoA-thioesters were not further used. The mass distributions of 26 metabolites are shown in supplementary Table S2, and those of 14 metabolites in sugar metabolism are shown along with the metab ...
... could not be precisely determined, owing to 13C accumulation in the CoA backbone, so that the results for CoA-thioesters were not further used. The mass distributions of 26 metabolites are shown in supplementary Table S2, and those of 14 metabolites in sugar metabolism are shown along with the metab ...
Impact of carbon sources on growth and oxalate - The Keep
... pyruvate, formate, malate, acetate, and succinate) on growth and oxalate formation (i.e., oxalogenesis) by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was studied. With isolates D-‐E7, 105, W-‐B10, and Arg-‐L of S. sclerotiorum, g ...
... pyruvate, formate, malate, acetate, and succinate) on growth and oxalate formation (i.e., oxalogenesis) by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was studied. With isolates D-‐E7, 105, W-‐B10, and Arg-‐L of S. sclerotiorum, g ...
Purification and properties of NADP +-dependent
... involved in glycerol metabolism have been assigned functions recently (Visser et al., 1988; J . Visser and others, unpublished results) : these are glycerol uptake, glycerol kinase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mitochondria1 membrane-bound flavoprotein). Strains carrying the latter two mut ...
... involved in glycerol metabolism have been assigned functions recently (Visser et al., 1988; J . Visser and others, unpublished results) : these are glycerol uptake, glycerol kinase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mitochondria1 membrane-bound flavoprotein). Strains carrying the latter two mut ...
Digestion in the Small Intestine Pancreatic Juice Bile secretion
... The strength of a segmentation contraction is proportional to the frequency of the spikes generated by the slow wave. The amplitude of the slow wave controls the frequency of the slow waves. Therefore, the greater the slow wave amplitude, the greater the frequency of spikes generated and the greater ...
... The strength of a segmentation contraction is proportional to the frequency of the spikes generated by the slow wave. The amplitude of the slow wave controls the frequency of the slow waves. Therefore, the greater the slow wave amplitude, the greater the frequency of spikes generated and the greater ...
Determination of De Novo Synthesized Amino Acids in Cellular
... amino acids in both the perchloric acid extracts and the hydrolyzed protein fractions of F98 glioma cells incubated for 2 h with 5 mmol/l [U-13C]glucose. 13C NMR spectra of the hydrolyzed protein fraction revealed a marked incorporation of 13C-labelled alanine, aspartate and glutamate into the prote ...
... amino acids in both the perchloric acid extracts and the hydrolyzed protein fractions of F98 glioma cells incubated for 2 h with 5 mmol/l [U-13C]glucose. 13C NMR spectra of the hydrolyzed protein fraction revealed a marked incorporation of 13C-labelled alanine, aspartate and glutamate into the prote ...
Muscle alanine synthesis and hepatic gluconeogenesis
... and ammonia formation occurs during muscular exercise through the operation of the purine nucleotide cycle (Lowenstein, 1972; Lowenstein 8c Goodman, 1978). Diversion of some of the amino acid nitrogen towards alanine formation would serve to prevent excessive generation of potentially toxic ammonia ...
... and ammonia formation occurs during muscular exercise through the operation of the purine nucleotide cycle (Lowenstein, 1972; Lowenstein 8c Goodman, 1978). Diversion of some of the amino acid nitrogen towards alanine formation would serve to prevent excessive generation of potentially toxic ammonia ...
Modifying the chain-length selectivity of the
... three closely related lipases, which are from Burkholderia glumae (BGL), Burkholderia cepacia (BCL) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAL), have typical funnel-like substrate-binding sites (Nobel et al., 1993; Kim et al., 1997; Nardini et al., 2000). In the case of BCL, it contains a binding pocket like a ...
... three closely related lipases, which are from Burkholderia glumae (BGL), Burkholderia cepacia (BCL) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAL), have typical funnel-like substrate-binding sites (Nobel et al., 1993; Kim et al., 1997; Nardini et al., 2000). In the case of BCL, it contains a binding pocket like a ...
Characterization of carnitine and fatty acid metabolism in the long
... fatty acid metabolism, such as in mitochondrial β-oxidation disorders, remains poorly understood. In recent years, several mouse models for mitochondrial β-oxidation defects have been generated [7] including the LCAD−/− (long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase-deficient) mouse. LCAD is one of five enzymes ...
... fatty acid metabolism, such as in mitochondrial β-oxidation disorders, remains poorly understood. In recent years, several mouse models for mitochondrial β-oxidation defects have been generated [7] including the LCAD−/− (long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase-deficient) mouse. LCAD is one of five enzymes ...
PPT - Portland State University
... phospholipid acyl chains consist of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). Diets that are deficient in n-3, or ω-3, fatty acids lead to the replacement of 22:6n-3 with 22:5n6. Dietary n-3 deficiency leads to a spectrum of developmental disorders associated with learning, memory, intelligence, and visu ...
... phospholipid acyl chains consist of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). Diets that are deficient in n-3, or ω-3, fatty acids lead to the replacement of 22:6n-3 with 22:5n6. Dietary n-3 deficiency leads to a spectrum of developmental disorders associated with learning, memory, intelligence, and visu ...
Document
... Regulator of many of the body’s biochemical processes Involved in blood clotting Involved in muscle contraction and relaxation Nerve function blood pressure and immune defenses Activates pancreatic lipase in the digestion of fats Serves as a second messenger in the action of hormones l ...
... Regulator of many of the body’s biochemical processes Involved in blood clotting Involved in muscle contraction and relaxation Nerve function blood pressure and immune defenses Activates pancreatic lipase in the digestion of fats Serves as a second messenger in the action of hormones l ...
Genetic Analysis of Amino Acid Accumulation in
... level of Lys ketoglutarate reductase- saccaropine dehydrogenase is an important factor responsible for the high level of free Lys in mature endosperm. Damerval and Le Guilloux (1998) found that acetohydroxyacid synthase, the enzyme catalyzing the first common step in the synthesis of branched amino ...
... level of Lys ketoglutarate reductase- saccaropine dehydrogenase is an important factor responsible for the high level of free Lys in mature endosperm. Damerval and Le Guilloux (1998) found that acetohydroxyacid synthase, the enzyme catalyzing the first common step in the synthesis of branched amino ...
- Wiley Online Library
... pathways in Zymomonas mobilis. Sucrose is split extracellularly by the action of two enzymes (InvB and LevU) into glucose and fructose (or levan). The two hexoses can enter the cell via the common uniport system (GLF) or are converted by the periplasmic GFOR into sorbitol and gluconolactone. Sorbito ...
... pathways in Zymomonas mobilis. Sucrose is split extracellularly by the action of two enzymes (InvB and LevU) into glucose and fructose (or levan). The two hexoses can enter the cell via the common uniport system (GLF) or are converted by the periplasmic GFOR into sorbitol and gluconolactone. Sorbito ...
Organic Chemistry/Fourth Edition: e-Text
... more acidic site is designated pKa1, the one corresponding to the less acidic site is designated pKa2. Table 27.2 lists pKa1 and pKa2 values for the -amino acids that have neutral side chains, which are the first two groups of amino acids given in Table 27.1. In all cases their pKa values are simil ...
... more acidic site is designated pKa1, the one corresponding to the less acidic site is designated pKa2. Table 27.2 lists pKa1 and pKa2 values for the -amino acids that have neutral side chains, which are the first two groups of amino acids given in Table 27.1. In all cases their pKa values are simil ...
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System, 3e
... Section: Organic Macromolecules 30) Which of the following would NOT normally be found as a component of a cell's nucleic acids? A) adenine deoxyribonucleotides B) thymine deoxyribonucleotides C) uracil deoxyribonucleotides D) cytosine ribonucleotides E) adenine ribonucleotides Answer: C Bloom's Ran ...
... Section: Organic Macromolecules 30) Which of the following would NOT normally be found as a component of a cell's nucleic acids? A) adenine deoxyribonucleotides B) thymine deoxyribonucleotides C) uracil deoxyribonucleotides D) cytosine ribonucleotides E) adenine ribonucleotides Answer: C Bloom's Ran ...
Vitamin - definition
... amounts by an organisms. • It cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities by an organism, and must be obtained from the diet. • Vitamins have diverse biological function: – hormone-like functions as regulators of mineral metabolism (vit. D), – regulators of cell and tissue growth and differentiat ...
... amounts by an organisms. • It cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities by an organism, and must be obtained from the diet. • Vitamins have diverse biological function: – hormone-like functions as regulators of mineral metabolism (vit. D), – regulators of cell and tissue growth and differentiat ...
Paracetamol (Acetaminophen): mechanisms of action
... its primary site of action, which may be inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis or through an active metabolite influencing cannabinoid receptors. Prostaglandin H2 synthetase (PGHS) is the enzyme responsible for metabolism of arachidonic acid to the unstable PGH2. The two major forms of this enz ...
... its primary site of action, which may be inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis or through an active metabolite influencing cannabinoid receptors. Prostaglandin H2 synthetase (PGHS) is the enzyme responsible for metabolism of arachidonic acid to the unstable PGH2. The two major forms of this enz ...
3 Absorption of Amino Acids and Peptides
... can be incorporated into proteins in the enterocyte, metabolized within the epithelium of the small intestine, or transported across the basolateral membrane, ultimately reaching the hepatic portal circulation. In addition, peptides and amino acids are mixed in the lumen and/or enterocyte with amino ...
... can be incorporated into proteins in the enterocyte, metabolized within the epithelium of the small intestine, or transported across the basolateral membrane, ultimately reaching the hepatic portal circulation. In addition, peptides and amino acids are mixed in the lumen and/or enterocyte with amino ...
Glucose metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi
... and excrete into the medium fermentative, namely still‑reduced, compounds from glucose catabolism, even under aerobic conditions, instead of oxidizing glucose completely to CO2 and water (see [7] for a review). This peculiar metabolism was called ‘aerobic fermentation of glucose’ by Theodor von Bran ...
... and excrete into the medium fermentative, namely still‑reduced, compounds from glucose catabolism, even under aerobic conditions, instead of oxidizing glucose completely to CO2 and water (see [7] for a review). This peculiar metabolism was called ‘aerobic fermentation of glucose’ by Theodor von Bran ...
Metabolic Flux Analysis on the Production of Poly(3 - Wiley-VCH
... recovery processes (Lee, 1996a,b; Choi et al., 1998; Choi and Lee, 1999a,b). Process design and economic analysis of SCL-PHA production by various bacteria have been reported, which provided the guidelines for designing an efficient means of PHA production (Choi and Lee, 1997, 1999c, 2000; Lee and C ...
... recovery processes (Lee, 1996a,b; Choi et al., 1998; Choi and Lee, 1999a,b). Process design and economic analysis of SCL-PHA production by various bacteria have been reported, which provided the guidelines for designing an efficient means of PHA production (Choi and Lee, 1997, 1999c, 2000; Lee and C ...