Immune modulation of some autoimmune diseases: the critical role
... by the stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) produced in the bone marrow and its ligation with the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor (CXCR) types 2 and 4. While the interaction of SDF-1 with the CXCR2 leads to the release of neutrophils, the interaction with the CXCR4 produces the opposite effect, leading t ...
... by the stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) produced in the bone marrow and its ligation with the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor (CXCR) types 2 and 4. While the interaction of SDF-1 with the CXCR2 leads to the release of neutrophils, the interaction with the CXCR4 produces the opposite effect, leading t ...
Mechanisms involved in regulation of MHC class I molecules in
... challenges by the same pathogen. Four distinct but related cell-membrane molecules are responsible for a highly specific antigen recoginition. These are membrane-bound antibodies on B cells, T-cell receptors, class I MHC molecules and class II MHC molecules. These molecules play a unique role in ant ...
... challenges by the same pathogen. Four distinct but related cell-membrane molecules are responsible for a highly specific antigen recoginition. These are membrane-bound antibodies on B cells, T-cell receptors, class I MHC molecules and class II MHC molecules. These molecules play a unique role in ant ...
Divergent TLR7 and TLR9 signaling and type I interferon production
... After HIV infection, turnover rates of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are elevated, high levels of activation-induced cell death are seen in both T cell subsets independent of their infection by HIV1–3, B cells are polyclonally activated with consequent hypergammaglobulinemia4, natural killer (NK) cell activ ...
... After HIV infection, turnover rates of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are elevated, high levels of activation-induced cell death are seen in both T cell subsets independent of their infection by HIV1–3, B cells are polyclonally activated with consequent hypergammaglobulinemia4, natural killer (NK) cell activ ...
T/F HIV-1 Bx11 - International AIDS Society
... T-cells The increased immune sensing pDC maturation during pDC/lymphocyte cross talk efficient innate immune responses and may be of able to control viral infection might IFN-αpromote induction was not inhibited following VRC01 inhibition HIV-1 or IDV treatment (72h PI, HIV-1Bx11, n = 3 donors) (me ...
... T-cells The increased immune sensing pDC maturation during pDC/lymphocyte cross talk efficient innate immune responses and may be of able to control viral infection might IFN-αpromote induction was not inhibited following VRC01 inhibition HIV-1 or IDV treatment (72h PI, HIV-1Bx11, n = 3 donors) (me ...
Liver immunology and its role in inflammation and
... producers of inflammatory mediators in the body. KCs account for up to 90% of the total population of fixed macrophages in the body and constitute almost a third of the non-parenchymal cells in the liver.14 KCs are equipped with a massive array of PPRs,15 complement receptors16 and Fc receptors,17 thr ...
... producers of inflammatory mediators in the body. KCs account for up to 90% of the total population of fixed macrophages in the body and constitute almost a third of the non-parenchymal cells in the liver.14 KCs are equipped with a massive array of PPRs,15 complement receptors16 and Fc receptors,17 thr ...
Clonal selection in CD4 T cells: The role of TCR specificity and avidity
... and B cell antigen receptors (TCR and BCR, respectively), self–nonself discrimination is primarily achieved through clonal deletion of lymphocytes expressing strongly auto-reactive receptors. Removal of such receptors from the TCR and BCR repertoires causes irreversible self-tolerance. For a T cell, ...
... and B cell antigen receptors (TCR and BCR, respectively), self–nonself discrimination is primarily achieved through clonal deletion of lymphocytes expressing strongly auto-reactive receptors. Removal of such receptors from the TCR and BCR repertoires causes irreversible self-tolerance. For a T cell, ...
Melanoma stem cells: not rare, but well done
... modest. Nevertheless, the properties of self-renewal, differentiation plasticity, and tumorigenesis suggested that a subset of stem cells may exist in human melanoma. Additional support for melanoma stem cells evolved 2 years later when the surface marker, CD133, a cancer stem cell marker previously ...
... modest. Nevertheless, the properties of self-renewal, differentiation plasticity, and tumorigenesis suggested that a subset of stem cells may exist in human melanoma. Additional support for melanoma stem cells evolved 2 years later when the surface marker, CD133, a cancer stem cell marker previously ...
B cells - Cloudfront.net
... • Cells of the clone synthesize a specific antibody with a sequence of amino acids in its variable region that differs from the sequence synthesized by other ...
... • Cells of the clone synthesize a specific antibody with a sequence of amino acids in its variable region that differs from the sequence synthesized by other ...
A study of the contribution of mast cells to vaccination
... of a vaccine was the inoculation of a young boy with cow pox to prevent small pox. This was done by Edward Jenner in 1796, hence the term ‘vaccine’ which is originally derived from the Latin word “vacca”, meaning “cow”. Since then, vaccines have played a crucial role in protecting us against many in ...
... of a vaccine was the inoculation of a young boy with cow pox to prevent small pox. This was done by Edward Jenner in 1796, hence the term ‘vaccine’ which is originally derived from the Latin word “vacca”, meaning “cow”. Since then, vaccines have played a crucial role in protecting us against many in ...
3 - bioRxiv
... Arrows represent functional (not necessarily direct) interactions. LPS controls the activation of the bottleneck, as well as IL-10 and TNFα. TNFα and LPS act through a common bottleneck for the activation of DC, while IL-10 modulates the activation level downstream. The model also includes partial m ...
... Arrows represent functional (not necessarily direct) interactions. LPS controls the activation of the bottleneck, as well as IL-10 and TNFα. TNFα and LPS act through a common bottleneck for the activation of DC, while IL-10 modulates the activation level downstream. The model also includes partial m ...
Department of Immunology, the Wenner-Gren Institute Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Doctoral thesis
... of antibodies in the complex immune responses during a malaria infection. Our results suggest that the higher anti-malarial immune responses seen in the Fulani, are not due to a general hyper-responsiveness in this group, but neither a malaria specific response. Rather, the higher responses in the F ...
... of antibodies in the complex immune responses during a malaria infection. Our results suggest that the higher anti-malarial immune responses seen in the Fulani, are not due to a general hyper-responsiveness in this group, but neither a malaria specific response. Rather, the higher responses in the F ...
Characterisation of interleukin-10 expression on different vascular
... endothelial structures vessels separately. Firstly, the sinusoids are specialized structures that may expand and contract thanks to smooth muscle actin (SMA) positive (myo) fibroblasts that line these structures. Their capacitance volume is under neural regulation and may also be influenced by humor ...
... endothelial structures vessels separately. Firstly, the sinusoids are specialized structures that may expand and contract thanks to smooth muscle actin (SMA) positive (myo) fibroblasts that line these structures. Their capacitance volume is under neural regulation and may also be influenced by humor ...
nk cell education and adhesion molecules
... NK cells have a key role in immune surveillance. They detect aberrant expression of stressinduced molecules and MHC class I molecules with an array of activating and inhibitory receptors. Inhibitory receptors are not only important during the effector phase to guarantee tolerance towards self cells, ...
... NK cells have a key role in immune surveillance. They detect aberrant expression of stressinduced molecules and MHC class I molecules with an array of activating and inhibitory receptors. Inhibitory receptors are not only important during the effector phase to guarantee tolerance towards self cells, ...
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and the Control of Herpesvirus Infections
... global orchestration of antiviral immunity, by linking innate and adaptive immunity through multiple immunoregulatory functions [16]. For instance, IFN-I do not only play a crucial role in the control of the replication of many viruses, but they can also promote NK cell or CD8 T cell antiviral cytot ...
... global orchestration of antiviral immunity, by linking innate and adaptive immunity through multiple immunoregulatory functions [16]. For instance, IFN-I do not only play a crucial role in the control of the replication of many viruses, but they can also promote NK cell or CD8 T cell antiviral cytot ...
Cells Intestinal Lamina Propria as Regulatory T Cells in Human
... Briefly, the dissected mucosa was incubated in calcium and magnesium-free HBSS containing 2.5% FBS and 1 mM DTT (SigmaAldrich) to remove mucus. The mucosa was then incubated in medium containing 0.75 mM EDTA (Sigma-Aldrich) for 60 min at 37°C. During this treatment, intraepithelial lymphocytes and e ...
... Briefly, the dissected mucosa was incubated in calcium and magnesium-free HBSS containing 2.5% FBS and 1 mM DTT (SigmaAldrich) to remove mucus. The mucosa was then incubated in medium containing 0.75 mM EDTA (Sigma-Aldrich) for 60 min at 37°C. During this treatment, intraepithelial lymphocytes and e ...
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... well known. However, it has been postulated that HCV may evade the immune response or impart a specific tolerance to it to ensure its survival through mechanisms such as, but not exclusive to, viral escape (5), T-cell anergy, and induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) (6). ...
... well known. However, it has been postulated that HCV may evade the immune response or impart a specific tolerance to it to ensure its survival through mechanisms such as, but not exclusive to, viral escape (5), T-cell anergy, and induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) (6). ...
Epithelial barrier and dendritic cell function in the intestinal mucosa
... types. It has been shown that immunosuppressive DC-derived exosomes are capable to suppress inflammatory responses in rheumatic arthritis. The exact mechanism is not clear, but it is likely that DC-derived exosomes are internalised by endogenous or follicular DCs to transfer molecules like MHC class ...
... types. It has been shown that immunosuppressive DC-derived exosomes are capable to suppress inflammatory responses in rheumatic arthritis. The exact mechanism is not clear, but it is likely that DC-derived exosomes are internalised by endogenous or follicular DCs to transfer molecules like MHC class ...
Cytokine responses in human Lyme borreliosis
... Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA)...............................................16 ...
... Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA)...............................................16 ...
Deep Insight Section The Fas - Fas Ligand apoptotic pathway
... (Itoh et al., 1991) and has a major role in the immune system. The Fas protein is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein with three extra-cellular cysteine-rich domains (CRD). Fas is ubiquitously expressed on a variety of normal cells, including lymphocytes and hepatocytes. It expression can be increas ...
... (Itoh et al., 1991) and has a major role in the immune system. The Fas protein is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein with three extra-cellular cysteine-rich domains (CRD). Fas is ubiquitously expressed on a variety of normal cells, including lymphocytes and hepatocytes. It expression can be increas ...
T cell
T cells or T lymphocytes are a type of lymphocyte (in turn, a type of white blood cell) that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity. They can be distinguished from other lymphocytes, such as B cells and natural killer cells (NK cells), by the presence of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on the cell surface. They are called T cells because they mature in the thymus (although some also mature in the tonsils). The several subsets of T cells each have a distinct function. The majority of human T cells rearrange their alpha/beta T cell receptors and are termed alpha beta T cells and are part of adaptive immune system. Specialized gamma delta T cells, which comprise a minority of T cells in the human body (more frequent in ruminants), have invariant TCR (with limited diversity), can effectively present antigens to other T cells and are considered to be part of the innate immune system.