A Possible Link Between Autoimmunity and Cancer
... iDCs, which are educated at the tumour site, act as functional inhibitors of a tumour-specific immune response in cancer, immature pDCs are activated by Toll-like receptors, which lead to B- and T-cell immune responses in autoimmune disease (Lang et al., 2005). The immunological tolerance is produce ...
... iDCs, which are educated at the tumour site, act as functional inhibitors of a tumour-specific immune response in cancer, immature pDCs are activated by Toll-like receptors, which lead to B- and T-cell immune responses in autoimmune disease (Lang et al., 2005). The immunological tolerance is produce ...
mRNA Expression and BRAF Mutation in
... Direct RT-PCR analysis of blood permits detection of transcriptome of CTCs. To date, characterization of CTCs for abnormalities in genotypic and mRNA expression has not been well studied in melanoma patients. This situation is due in part to the difficulty of isolating CTCs with monoclonal antibodie ...
... Direct RT-PCR analysis of blood permits detection of transcriptome of CTCs. To date, characterization of CTCs for abnormalities in genotypic and mRNA expression has not been well studied in melanoma patients. This situation is due in part to the difficulty of isolating CTCs with monoclonal antibodie ...
Forced expression of Nanog in hematopoietic stem cells results in a
... Figure 2. Effect of Nanog overexpression on the differentiation of hematopoietic cells. Irradiated mice were reconstituted KSL cells transduced either by Gfp gene alone or Nanog-Iers-Gfp. Cells expressing the transgenes were distinguished by GFP expression. (A) Eight weeks later, the cells were harv ...
... Figure 2. Effect of Nanog overexpression on the differentiation of hematopoietic cells. Irradiated mice were reconstituted KSL cells transduced either by Gfp gene alone or Nanog-Iers-Gfp. Cells expressing the transgenes were distinguished by GFP expression. (A) Eight weeks later, the cells were harv ...
a Functional Region of Difference-1 Mycobacterial Virulence and the
... studies, they did not conclusively show that CD8 cells were required. In fact, two recent studies showed that induction of a CD8 response against a specific epitope from TB10.4 or ESAT-6 did not lead to protection against an acute infection with M.tb (15, 16). This is in agreement with other studies ...
... studies, they did not conclusively show that CD8 cells were required. In fact, two recent studies showed that induction of a CD8 response against a specific epitope from TB10.4 or ESAT-6 did not lead to protection against an acute infection with M.tb (15, 16). This is in agreement with other studies ...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Effector Function in a Murine Model of
... Mucosal immune homeostasis requires a balanced interplay between effector and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Naive T cells differentiate into effector cells that are divided into three distinctive types, Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, depending on the type of cytokines secreted. The fate of T cell different ...
... Mucosal immune homeostasis requires a balanced interplay between effector and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Naive T cells differentiate into effector cells that are divided into three distinctive types, Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, depending on the type of cytokines secreted. The fate of T cell different ...
1. Apoptosis
... tumor formation. And, killing cancer cells by chemical therapies depends on activation of apoptosis procedures. Therefore, failure to undergo apoptosis in the therapy could result in cancer resistance (Fulda, 2004). ...
... tumor formation. And, killing cancer cells by chemical therapies depends on activation of apoptosis procedures. Therefore, failure to undergo apoptosis in the therapy could result in cancer resistance (Fulda, 2004). ...
Organ-specific Autoimmune Disease: A Deficiency of
... AIRE, cause a Mendelian syndrome, APECED, characterized by autoimmune manifestations ranging from Addison’s, thyroid, and parathyroid disease to type 1 diabetes (4, 5). The AIRE gene product appears to be a nucleic acid binding protein present in some thymic epithelial and dendritic cells. Its conne ...
... AIRE, cause a Mendelian syndrome, APECED, characterized by autoimmune manifestations ranging from Addison’s, thyroid, and parathyroid disease to type 1 diabetes (4, 5). The AIRE gene product appears to be a nucleic acid binding protein present in some thymic epithelial and dendritic cells. Its conne ...
Goblet Cells and Mucins: Role in Innate Defense
... Lieberkühn [14]. Current thinking is that progenitor cells, located in the proliferative compartment, derive from these stem cells and while leaving the crypts, further differentiate into each of the intestinal cell lineages [15,16]. Goblet cells appear early in development (in the human fetal small ...
... Lieberkühn [14]. Current thinking is that progenitor cells, located in the proliferative compartment, derive from these stem cells and while leaving the crypts, further differentiate into each of the intestinal cell lineages [15,16]. Goblet cells appear early in development (in the human fetal small ...
The Embryology of Patella1
... Fig. 1, while the inner surface is smooth. *) The larger pits are simply indentations in the outer surface of the chorion and are not connected with or extended into fine lines or tubes. None of these dots nor the fine lines connected with them have anything in the nature of a micropyle, which is si ...
... Fig. 1, while the inner surface is smooth. *) The larger pits are simply indentations in the outer surface of the chorion and are not connected with or extended into fine lines or tubes. None of these dots nor the fine lines connected with them have anything in the nature of a micropyle, which is si ...
Regulatory T cells - TARA
... shown to be mediated either through secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines or by cell-tocell contact (FIG. 3). Many studies have demonstrated that suppression mediated by Tr1 or Th3 cells can be reversed using anti-IL-10 or anti-TGF- antibodies. IL-10 inhibits TNF- and IL-12 production, whereas ...
... shown to be mediated either through secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines or by cell-tocell contact (FIG. 3). Many studies have demonstrated that suppression mediated by Tr1 or Th3 cells can be reversed using anti-IL-10 or anti-TGF- antibodies. IL-10 inhibits TNF- and IL-12 production, whereas ...
α and L-selectin, but not CD103 or CD34, are IL-7R
... individuals [5]. Mice are sensitized by weekly oral feedings of peanut antigen with adjuvant. Subsequent interperitoneal challenge with peanut protein results in rapid mast cell degranulation, elevated serum histamine, and decreases in blood volume and body temperature. This model has been utilized ...
... individuals [5]. Mice are sensitized by weekly oral feedings of peanut antigen with adjuvant. Subsequent interperitoneal challenge with peanut protein results in rapid mast cell degranulation, elevated serum histamine, and decreases in blood volume and body temperature. This model has been utilized ...
Effects of Fish Oil and Corn Oil Diets on
... substitution of the dietary corn oil with increasing amounts of fish oil, which is rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fats, increased PHA responsiveness. Humans treated with EPA, a major n-3 polyunsaturated fat of fish oil, had increased T-cell responses to PHA (19). EPA is a poor substrate for cyclooxygen ...
... substitution of the dietary corn oil with increasing amounts of fish oil, which is rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fats, increased PHA responsiveness. Humans treated with EPA, a major n-3 polyunsaturated fat of fish oil, had increased T-cell responses to PHA (19). EPA is a poor substrate for cyclooxygen ...
IMMUNOLOGY LEARNING OBJECTIVES
... into ER via TAP (transmemb molecule) peptides bind to incompletely folded class I molecules peptide binding induces conformational change in alpha chain causing it to dissociate from calnexin and to stabilize association with beta2m peptide-MHC molecule packaged into secretory vesicle in Golgi ...
... into ER via TAP (transmemb molecule) peptides bind to incompletely folded class I molecules peptide binding induces conformational change in alpha chain causing it to dissociate from calnexin and to stabilize association with beta2m peptide-MHC molecule packaged into secretory vesicle in Golgi ...
18 DISEASES CAUSED BY IMMUNE RESPONSES
... infectious pathogens, namely, antibodies, T lymphocytes, and various other effector cells. The problem in hypersensitivity diseases is that the response is triggered and maintained inappropriately. Because the stimuli for these abnormal immune responses are difficult or impossible to eliminate (e.g. ...
... infectious pathogens, namely, antibodies, T lymphocytes, and various other effector cells. The problem in hypersensitivity diseases is that the response is triggered and maintained inappropriately. Because the stimuli for these abnormal immune responses are difficult or impossible to eliminate (e.g. ...
free article - University of Kansas Medical Center
... rodents and sometimes non-human primates that models some aspects of MS. It can be generated through the peripheral activation (or passive administration) of CNS-antigen reactive T cells, resulting in multifocal inflammatory CNS demyelination, axon loss and the emergence of neurological signs. While ...
... rodents and sometimes non-human primates that models some aspects of MS. It can be generated through the peripheral activation (or passive administration) of CNS-antigen reactive T cells, resulting in multifocal inflammatory CNS demyelination, axon loss and the emergence of neurological signs. While ...
Block 2 Unit 1 Objectives
... a. Epidermal cells are called keratinocytes. They begin their journey to the surface from the stratum basale (germinativum), which is directly superficial to the basal lamina. b. The cells in the stratum basale are arranged in a single layer and are cuboidal to columnar in shape. It is this layer in ...
... a. Epidermal cells are called keratinocytes. They begin their journey to the surface from the stratum basale (germinativum), which is directly superficial to the basal lamina. b. The cells in the stratum basale are arranged in a single layer and are cuboidal to columnar in shape. It is this layer in ...
Innate Immune Cells in Liver Inflammation
... the most abundant cells of the innate immune system and are indispensable for their defence against invading infectious pathogens. Neutrophils are generated in the bone marrow, where they remain for further 4–6 days, thus spending there the majority of their life [21, 22]. Their production is extens ...
... the most abundant cells of the innate immune system and are indispensable for their defence against invading infectious pathogens. Neutrophils are generated in the bone marrow, where they remain for further 4–6 days, thus spending there the majority of their life [21, 22]. Their production is extens ...
Raulet, D. H. and N. Guerra. 2009. Oncogenic stress sensed by the immune system: role of natural killer cell receptors. Nat Rev Immunol 9:568-580.
... contributed to the control of the high-grade, aggressive form of carcinomas that develop in some of these mice18. As discussed later, NKG2D is a stimulatory receptor expressed by NK cells and some T cells, suggesting that one or both of these cell types is involved in the control of aggressive prost ...
... contributed to the control of the high-grade, aggressive form of carcinomas that develop in some of these mice18. As discussed later, NKG2D is a stimulatory receptor expressed by NK cells and some T cells, suggesting that one or both of these cell types is involved in the control of aggressive prost ...
Immune homeostasis in the respiratory tract and its impact on
... of prior inflammatory events. This adaptability will contribute to the diversity of responses to the same stimulus seen in any given population and probably helps to ensure that at least a proportion of those affected will survive. If thresholds of innate activation alter between body compartments an ...
... of prior inflammatory events. This adaptability will contribute to the diversity of responses to the same stimulus seen in any given population and probably helps to ensure that at least a proportion of those affected will survive. If thresholds of innate activation alter between body compartments an ...
Phagocytes may counteract the “open window” situation during a
... Leukocytosis is generally observed after intense exercise, in which the relationship with stress hormones is more clearly documented. Nevertheless, the profile of release of stress hormones can differ according to the exercise intensity and duration. Thus, during moderate exercise it would also be i ...
... Leukocytosis is generally observed after intense exercise, in which the relationship with stress hormones is more clearly documented. Nevertheless, the profile of release of stress hormones can differ according to the exercise intensity and duration. Thus, during moderate exercise it would also be i ...
Lymphopoiesis
Lymphopoiesis (lĭm'fō-poi-ē'sĭs) (or lymphocytopoiesis) is the generation of lymphocytes, one of the five types of white blood cell (WBC). It is more formally known as lymphoid hematopoiesis.Pathosis in lymphopoiesis leads to any of various lymphoproliferative disorders, such as the lymphomas and lymphoid leukemias.