Biology TAKS Review
... DNA is a double helix molecule similar to a spiral stair case or a twisted ladder with the sides formed by repeating sugar-phosphate groups of nucleotides, and the horizontal portions (rungs of the ladder) formed by hydrogen bonds involving Adenine(A) to Thymine(T) or Cytosine(C) to Guanine(G). Here ...
... DNA is a double helix molecule similar to a spiral stair case or a twisted ladder with the sides formed by repeating sugar-phosphate groups of nucleotides, and the horizontal portions (rungs of the ladder) formed by hydrogen bonds involving Adenine(A) to Thymine(T) or Cytosine(C) to Guanine(G). Here ...
Bio_130_files/Organic chemistry
... • Macromolecules composed of combinations of 20 types of amino acids bound together with peptide bonds • Animal ,dairy and right combination of beans and rice are good sources of protein. • Enzymes are specific types to proteins that enable reactions. ...
... • Macromolecules composed of combinations of 20 types of amino acids bound together with peptide bonds • Animal ,dairy and right combination of beans and rice are good sources of protein. • Enzymes are specific types to proteins that enable reactions. ...
muscles2004
... Attach to bones at tendons Durable – not harmed by rough surface of bone Smaller than muscle – several can fit at a joint ...
... Attach to bones at tendons Durable – not harmed by rough surface of bone Smaller than muscle – several can fit at a joint ...
Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport
... to occur. If red blood cells are placed into a hypotonic solution (i.e. distilled water), the water will cross the membrane into the cell, as the cell contains a strong solution in the cytoplasm. ...
... to occur. If red blood cells are placed into a hypotonic solution (i.e. distilled water), the water will cross the membrane into the cell, as the cell contains a strong solution in the cytoplasm. ...
The Genetic Code
... amino acid this codon codes for! – Each code always starts with AUG (start) and ends with a stop codon! ...
... amino acid this codon codes for! – Each code always starts with AUG (start) and ends with a stop codon! ...
CELL SNAP - YourGenome.org
... Thread-like structures, made of DNA wrapped around a scaffold of proteins. Each human cell contains 46 of these structures. They contain specific regions of DNA, known as genes, sections of DNA that carry information required to make a molecule, usually a protein. Chromosomes ...
... Thread-like structures, made of DNA wrapped around a scaffold of proteins. Each human cell contains 46 of these structures. They contain specific regions of DNA, known as genes, sections of DNA that carry information required to make a molecule, usually a protein. Chromosomes ...
Mutations
... final protein product. • This may be because: - mutation occurs outside gene region - codon change was for the same amino acid - minor change in amino acid sequence may not have altered the shape or active site of the protein. ...
... final protein product. • This may be because: - mutation occurs outside gene region - codon change was for the same amino acid - minor change in amino acid sequence may not have altered the shape or active site of the protein. ...
Cells
... 1. Which of the following is the only cell organelle that is capable of converting light energy into chemical energy? A. mitochondrion B. vacuole C. chloroplast D. endoplasmic reticulum 2. Some prokaryotes and eukaryotes have whip-like projections that help propel the cell through liquid. What is th ...
... 1. Which of the following is the only cell organelle that is capable of converting light energy into chemical energy? A. mitochondrion B. vacuole C. chloroplast D. endoplasmic reticulum 2. Some prokaryotes and eukaryotes have whip-like projections that help propel the cell through liquid. What is th ...
Structural Biochemistry/Proteins/Synthesis
... wash with trifluoroacetic acid (CF3COOH) and methylene chloride (CH2Cl2), which does not break covalent bonds. The next amino acid with t-boc (di-tri-butyl dicarbonate), a protected N-terminal, and a DCC (dicyclohexylcarbodiimide)-activated C-terminal is added to the reaction column. After the forma ...
... wash with trifluoroacetic acid (CF3COOH) and methylene chloride (CH2Cl2), which does not break covalent bonds. The next amino acid with t-boc (di-tri-butyl dicarbonate), a protected N-terminal, and a DCC (dicyclohexylcarbodiimide)-activated C-terminal is added to the reaction column. After the forma ...
3 macromolecules no pics pdf
... known as the replication fork – From this fork, each of the original strands acts as a template for replication • The leading strand allows the new strand synthesized complementary to it, to be synthesized 5' to 3' in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork. • The lagging strand s ...
... known as the replication fork – From this fork, each of the original strands acts as a template for replication • The leading strand allows the new strand synthesized complementary to it, to be synthesized 5' to 3' in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork. • The lagging strand s ...
Platelets = thrombocytes
... *occurs in the myeloid tissue *myeloid stem cell megakaryocytethousands of platelets(cell fragments) *”lifespan” = 10 days(no nucleus, not even complete cells ...
... *occurs in the myeloid tissue *myeloid stem cell megakaryocytethousands of platelets(cell fragments) *”lifespan” = 10 days(no nucleus, not even complete cells ...
2-14 oncogene and suppressive gene of cancer-xu liyan
... proto-oncogenes is also called as cellular oncogenes. ...
... proto-oncogenes is also called as cellular oncogenes. ...
Name
... Evolution: Describe how changes in the environment can lead to adaptations and eventually the evolution of species. o Explain natural selection o Evidence for natural selection: fossils, comparative anatomy and embryology, and genetics ...
... Evolution: Describe how changes in the environment can lead to adaptations and eventually the evolution of species. o Explain natural selection o Evidence for natural selection: fossils, comparative anatomy and embryology, and genetics ...
Anatomy and Physiology
... • Active transport is a process that moves particles through membranes from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. • Sodium ions can diffuse passively into cells through protein channels but active transport continually moves sodium ions through cell membranes to the ou ...
... • Active transport is a process that moves particles through membranes from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. • Sodium ions can diffuse passively into cells through protein channels but active transport continually moves sodium ions through cell membranes to the ou ...
7.5 Proteins - HS Biology IB
... tertiary structure refers to overall 3-D shape; conformation can determine function; tertiary structure determined by R-group interactions / ionic interactions / hydrophobic interactions / disulfide bridges / H-bonds; quaternary structure is only found in proteins formed from more than one polypepti ...
... tertiary structure refers to overall 3-D shape; conformation can determine function; tertiary structure determined by R-group interactions / ionic interactions / hydrophobic interactions / disulfide bridges / H-bonds; quaternary structure is only found in proteins formed from more than one polypepti ...
Datasheet - LifeSensors
... Interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is a member of the ubiquitin-like protein family whose expression is increased following stimulation with type 1 Interferons. ISG15-VME is synthesized by the conjugation of 4-amino-but-2-enoic acid methyl ester to the C-terminus of ISG15G156. Binding of ISG15-V ...
... Interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is a member of the ubiquitin-like protein family whose expression is increased following stimulation with type 1 Interferons. ISG15-VME is synthesized by the conjugation of 4-amino-but-2-enoic acid methyl ester to the C-terminus of ISG15G156. Binding of ISG15-V ...
Detection of Intracellular proteins
... Fixation does not allow the detection of active enzyme in a cell. ...
... Fixation does not allow the detection of active enzyme in a cell. ...
Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
... Translation: Protein Assembly • This process takes the information that was transcribed into mRNA and translates it into a protein • It begins when a piece of mRNA attaches to a ribosome • mRNA is “read” by the ribosome. It is read in segments of 3 letters called codons • Each codon codes for a spe ...
... Translation: Protein Assembly • This process takes the information that was transcribed into mRNA and translates it into a protein • It begins when a piece of mRNA attaches to a ribosome • mRNA is “read” by the ribosome. It is read in segments of 3 letters called codons • Each codon codes for a spe ...
Slayt 1
... finite number of generations, typically between 20 and 80 • However, it is possible to develop populations of cells that can be passaged indefinitely and that express a reasonably stable phenotype. • Some cell lines have arisen spontaneously in normal cells being passaged in culture, but the majorit ...
... finite number of generations, typically between 20 and 80 • However, it is possible to develop populations of cells that can be passaged indefinitely and that express a reasonably stable phenotype. • Some cell lines have arisen spontaneously in normal cells being passaged in culture, but the majorit ...
Specificity screening of antibodies and related
... Biologics such as antibodies are widely favoured in drug discovery due to their inherent potential for specificity to a single target antigen. Despite this, off-target mediated toxicity could present an issue for a subset of antibodies and other molecules in development. Arguably, the consequences o ...
... Biologics such as antibodies are widely favoured in drug discovery due to their inherent potential for specificity to a single target antigen. Despite this, off-target mediated toxicity could present an issue for a subset of antibodies and other molecules in development. Arguably, the consequences o ...
Lec 16.
... probability that a segment will be within the membrane. These are generated by measuring, for each amino acid, its partition coefficient between water and a non-interacting, isotropic phase such as ethanol, and calculating from that partition coefficient a transfer free energy. ...
... probability that a segment will be within the membrane. These are generated by measuring, for each amino acid, its partition coefficient between water and a non-interacting, isotropic phase such as ethanol, and calculating from that partition coefficient a transfer free energy. ...
...the story of making proteins continued… After transcription occurs
... Once the mRNA enters the ribosome, the first codon the ribosome recognizes is called the __________________________. This is an ____________ which codes for the amino acid called ___________________________. The mRNA yells out to the cell “where is my methionine?” Amino acids are just floating aro ...
... Once the mRNA enters the ribosome, the first codon the ribosome recognizes is called the __________________________. This is an ____________ which codes for the amino acid called ___________________________. The mRNA yells out to the cell “where is my methionine?” Amino acids are just floating aro ...
Glycomimetics
... Cyclic amino alcohols and cyclic glycols are the common structural features of carbohydrates and other functional small molecules found in nature. Carbohydrates and their mimics constitute very important protein recognition elements as confirmed by multiple co-crystal structures published in PDB. An ...
... Cyclic amino alcohols and cyclic glycols are the common structural features of carbohydrates and other functional small molecules found in nature. Carbohydrates and their mimics constitute very important protein recognition elements as confirmed by multiple co-crystal structures published in PDB. An ...
Cell-penetrating peptide
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that facilitate cellular uptake of various molecular cargo (from nanosize particles to small chemical molecules and large fragments of DNA). The ""cargo"" is associated with the peptides either through chemical linkage via covalent bonds or through non-covalent interactions. The function of the CPPs are to deliver the cargo into cells, a process that commonly occurs through endocytosis with the cargo delivered to the endosomes of living mammalian cells.CPPs hold great potential as in vitro and in vivo delivery vectors for use in research and medicine. Current use is limited by a lack of cell specificity in CPP-mediated cargo delivery and insufficient understanding of the modes of their uptake.CPPs typically have an amino acid composition that either contains a high relative abundance of positively charged amino acids such as lysine or arginine or has sequences that contain an alternating pattern of polar/charged amino acids and non-polar, hydrophobic amino acids. These two types of structures are referred to as polycationic or amphipathic, respectively. A third class of CPPs are the hydrophobic peptides, containing only apolar residues, with low net chargeor have hydrophobic amino acid groups that are crucial for cellular uptake.The first CPP was discovered independently by two laboratories in 1988, when it was found that the trans-activating transcriptional activator (TAT) from human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) could be efficiently taken up from the surrounding media by numerous cell types in culture. Since then, the number of known CPPs has expanded considerably and small molecule synthetic analogues with more effective protein transduction properties have been generated.