The full-length HIV-1 molecular clone pLAI 61 was used to produce
... capped G residue. Supplementary Table 1 lists all oligonucleotides used in this study. The tat exon 1 was amplified by PCR on pLAI with primers NotI-WdV005 and WdV002; tat exon 2 with primers WdV007 and NotI-WdV004; rev exon 1 with primers NotI-WdV001 and WdV002; rev exon 2 with primers WdV003 and N ...
... capped G residue. Supplementary Table 1 lists all oligonucleotides used in this study. The tat exon 1 was amplified by PCR on pLAI with primers NotI-WdV005 and WdV002; tat exon 2 with primers WdV007 and NotI-WdV004; rev exon 1 with primers NotI-WdV001 and WdV002; rev exon 2 with primers WdV003 and N ...
The Large Loop Repair and Mismatch Repair Pathways
... mitotic growth. NER functions to repair bulky DNA lesions, such as thymine dimers and other helix-distorting lesions. During NER the damaged nucleotide is recognized and bound by several NER proteins, and the DNA surrounding the lesion is unwound. The single-stranded DNA containing the lesion is rem ...
... mitotic growth. NER functions to repair bulky DNA lesions, such as thymine dimers and other helix-distorting lesions. During NER the damaged nucleotide is recognized and bound by several NER proteins, and the DNA surrounding the lesion is unwound. The single-stranded DNA containing the lesion is rem ...
Essentiality and damage in metabolic networks
... and verified that the majority may be involved in other important biological functions besides the metabolism of small molecules. Non-essential enzymes with high damage have influence restricted to a metabolism module that is not necessary in the bacterial environment; such micro-organism may not be ...
... and verified that the majority may be involved in other important biological functions besides the metabolism of small molecules. Non-essential enzymes with high damage have influence restricted to a metabolism module that is not necessary in the bacterial environment; such micro-organism may not be ...
Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) genesig Standard Kit
... Positive control For copy number determination and as a positive control for the PCR set up, the kit contains a positive control template. This can be used to generate a standard curve of IBV copy number / Cq value. Alternatively the positive control can be used at a single dilution where full quant ...
... Positive control For copy number determination and as a positive control for the PCR set up, the kit contains a positive control template. This can be used to generate a standard curve of IBV copy number / Cq value. Alternatively the positive control can be used at a single dilution where full quant ...
Biology 343 Lab (Dorn, Shade)
... OBJECTIVES: Welcome to the laboratory portion of Biology 343. This course is designed to give you hands-on experience with modern genetics techniques. It is not designed to coincide very much with your lecture material; in fact, it could be a course of its own, which is what may happen to it someday ...
... OBJECTIVES: Welcome to the laboratory portion of Biology 343. This course is designed to give you hands-on experience with modern genetics techniques. It is not designed to coincide very much with your lecture material; in fact, it could be a course of its own, which is what may happen to it someday ...
Lecture PPT - Carol Eunmi LEE
... Adaptation Phenotypic change and variation could have other causes: – Phenotypic Plasticity: Changes that are not due to genetic changes, but due to changes in gene expression – Changes that are Genetic, but NOT adaptive: • Genetic Drift: random chance • Linkage and Genetic Hitchhiking: Genetic chan ...
... Adaptation Phenotypic change and variation could have other causes: – Phenotypic Plasticity: Changes that are not due to genetic changes, but due to changes in gene expression – Changes that are Genetic, but NOT adaptive: • Genetic Drift: random chance • Linkage and Genetic Hitchhiking: Genetic chan ...
SQA Higher Biology Unit 1 Cell Biology
... ¯ Some organisms are unicellular. ¯ Unicellular organisms can be either plant or animal cells. ¯ Some organisms are multicellular. ¯ Multicellular organisms can be either plants or animals. ¯ Multicellular organisms are organised into tissues, organs and systems, to function more effectively. ...
... ¯ Some organisms are unicellular. ¯ Unicellular organisms can be either plant or animal cells. ¯ Some organisms are multicellular. ¯ Multicellular organisms can be either plants or animals. ¯ Multicellular organisms are organised into tissues, organs and systems, to function more effectively. ...
Small-molecule metabolism: an enzyme mosaic
... the two phosphorylase domains (shown in blue) conserve reaction chemistry because both glycogen phosphorylase (glgP) and maltodextrin phosphorylase (malP) are phosphorylases acting on different substrates. Recent studies have described this evolutionary mechanism in detail and show how mutations in ...
... the two phosphorylase domains (shown in blue) conserve reaction chemistry because both glycogen phosphorylase (glgP) and maltodextrin phosphorylase (malP) are phosphorylases acting on different substrates. Recent studies have described this evolutionary mechanism in detail and show how mutations in ...
Simultaneous mutation scanning for gross deletions
... Primers were designed to amplify all 79 exons of the DMD gene (the entire 30 UTR is not covered), two alternative promoters (purkinje and cortical) and two exons of the myelin protein zero gene (MPZ) located at 1q22 to control for whole gene deletions or duplications. In all cases, primers were desi ...
... Primers were designed to amplify all 79 exons of the DMD gene (the entire 30 UTR is not covered), two alternative promoters (purkinje and cortical) and two exons of the myelin protein zero gene (MPZ) located at 1q22 to control for whole gene deletions or duplications. In all cases, primers were desi ...
Gel electrophoresis - Caltech Particle Theory
... acids (DNA, RNA, or oligonucleotides) the gel is usually composed of different concentrations of acrylamide and a cross-linker, producing different sized mesh networks of polyacrylamide. When separating larger nucleic acids (greater than a few hundred bases), the preferred matrix is purified agarose ...
... acids (DNA, RNA, or oligonucleotides) the gel is usually composed of different concentrations of acrylamide and a cross-linker, producing different sized mesh networks of polyacrylamide. When separating larger nucleic acids (greater than a few hundred bases), the preferred matrix is purified agarose ...
Biological ontologies for human functional annotation and
... “Proteins include protein groups, families, molecules, complexes, and substructures.” ...
... “Proteins include protein groups, families, molecules, complexes, and substructures.” ...
State v. Unsworth
... February 23, 2012, finding that there was no substantive ground for relief. First, the court found appellant had raised the same issue regarding the DNA database in his motion for leave to file a motion for new trial in March 2009, as discussed above. Second, the court found that the filing of the p ...
... February 23, 2012, finding that there was no substantive ground for relief. First, the court found appellant had raised the same issue regarding the DNA database in his motion for leave to file a motion for new trial in March 2009, as discussed above. Second, the court found that the filing of the p ...
mutations
... The effects of mutations on genes vary widely. Some have little or no effect; and some produce beneficial variations. Some negatively disrupt gene function. Whether a mutation is negative or beneficial depends on how its DNA changes relative to the organism’s situation. Mutations are often thought o ...
... The effects of mutations on genes vary widely. Some have little or no effect; and some produce beneficial variations. Some negatively disrupt gene function. Whether a mutation is negative or beneficial depends on how its DNA changes relative to the organism’s situation. Mutations are often thought o ...
Weak Selection and Protein Evolution
... Division of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Population Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan ...
... Division of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Population Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan ...
Question bank in Biology class XII
... 2. Name the group of organisms and the substrate they act on, to produce biogas. 3. Which of the following is a free living bacteria that can fix nitrogen in the soil: (Spirulina, Azospirillium, Sonalika) 4. Which one of the following in the Baker’s yeast used in fermentation? (Saccharum barberi, S ...
... 2. Name the group of organisms and the substrate they act on, to produce biogas. 3. Which of the following is a free living bacteria that can fix nitrogen in the soil: (Spirulina, Azospirillium, Sonalika) 4. Which one of the following in the Baker’s yeast used in fermentation? (Saccharum barberi, S ...
KARNATAKA COMMON ENTRANCE TEST – MAY, 2016 BIOLOGY
... Disclaimer: These solutions are provided by the academic team of BASE. These solutions may be different from those to be provided by the Karnataka Examinations Authority (KEA) due to difference in assumptions taken in support of the solutions. In such cases solution provided by KEA will be deemed as ...
... Disclaimer: These solutions are provided by the academic team of BASE. These solutions may be different from those to be provided by the Karnataka Examinations Authority (KEA) due to difference in assumptions taken in support of the solutions. In such cases solution provided by KEA will be deemed as ...
Control of Growth and of the Nuclear Division Cycle in Neurospora
... zoopfii (126), and in the slime mold Physarium polycephalum (124). Many data are also available on the yeast S. cerevisiae. Two groups of workers (19, 185) have shown that RNA per cell (or the RNA/DNA ratio) varies with the growth rate in batch cultures, although in a nonlinear fashion, and less sha ...
... zoopfii (126), and in the slime mold Physarium polycephalum (124). Many data are also available on the yeast S. cerevisiae. Two groups of workers (19, 185) have shown that RNA per cell (or the RNA/DNA ratio) varies with the growth rate in batch cultures, although in a nonlinear fashion, and less sha ...
Hematology Biochemistry lec.6 Heme synthesis Heme synthesis isn
... decarboxylation to give an acidic molecule called levulinic acid (aka δaminolevulinic acid because the amino group is present on carbon δ and it’s abbreviated as δALA) The enzyme that catalyses this step is called δALA synthase: It has a short half life It’s under regulation in the liver . Inh ...
... decarboxylation to give an acidic molecule called levulinic acid (aka δaminolevulinic acid because the amino group is present on carbon δ and it’s abbreviated as δALA) The enzyme that catalyses this step is called δALA synthase: It has a short half life It’s under regulation in the liver . Inh ...
On the maintenance of allozyme and inversion polymorphisms in
... was followed under various environmentalconditionsin the courseof time. The InQL)t polymoryhismwas studied in a geneticbackgroundin rvhich either none, one or both allozynreloci were polynrorphic.On the other hand, each allozyme polymorphisÍnwas studiedin the presenceor absenceofvariation at the oth ...
... was followed under various environmentalconditionsin the courseof time. The InQL)t polymoryhismwas studied in a geneticbackgroundin rvhich either none, one or both allozynreloci were polynrorphic.On the other hand, each allozyme polymorphisÍnwas studiedin the presenceor absenceofvariation at the oth ...
Fundamentals and - 17th International Symposium on Chiral
... Prof. R. Corradini. Chirality in DNA Targeting Post-genomic therapies rely on the knowledge of DNA/RNA sequences and of their function; nucleic acids can also be viewed as possible targets. Small molecules, metal complexes, oligomeric compounds and artificial nucleotides can be used for the specific ...
... Prof. R. Corradini. Chirality in DNA Targeting Post-genomic therapies rely on the knowledge of DNA/RNA sequences and of their function; nucleic acids can also be viewed as possible targets. Small molecules, metal complexes, oligomeric compounds and artificial nucleotides can be used for the specific ...
NMSU IBC rDNA Worksheet for PI - Office of Research Compliance
... animals at BL2 or BL2-N (Animals) containment. Section III-D-1-b Experiments involving the introduction of recombinant DNA into Risk Group 3 agents will usually be conducted at BL3 containment. Experiments with such agents will usually be conducted with whole animals at BL3 or BL3-N containment. Sec ...
... animals at BL2 or BL2-N (Animals) containment. Section III-D-1-b Experiments involving the introduction of recombinant DNA into Risk Group 3 agents will usually be conducted at BL3 containment. Experiments with such agents will usually be conducted with whole animals at BL3 or BL3-N containment. Sec ...
GenomeSequencing_ver3_20040929
... Raw sequence: unassembled sequence reads produced from sequencing of inserts from individual recombinant clones of a genomic DNA library. Finished sequence: complete sequence of a genome with no gaps and an accuracy of > 99.9%. Genome coverage: average number of times a nucleotide is represented by ...
... Raw sequence: unassembled sequence reads produced from sequencing of inserts from individual recombinant clones of a genomic DNA library. Finished sequence: complete sequence of a genome with no gaps and an accuracy of > 99.9%. Genome coverage: average number of times a nucleotide is represented by ...
Deoxyribozyme
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Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.