localization of histone gene transcripts in newt lampbrush
... on the histone loops we can infer that the regions containing histone sequences are considerably shorter than the lengths of the labelled regions. We will return to this matter in the discussion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preparation of radioactive DNAs Radioactive DNAs containing histone gene sequences ...
... on the histone loops we can infer that the regions containing histone sequences are considerably shorter than the lengths of the labelled regions. We will return to this matter in the discussion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preparation of radioactive DNAs Radioactive DNAs containing histone gene sequences ...
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (PDC)
... oxidative phosphorylation. 4. Can also be used for gluconeogenesis to form G6P 5. 1 molecule of G6P can be converted via 6 cycles of PPP and gluconeogenesis to 6 CO2 molecules and generate 12 NADPH molecules. 6. Flux through PPP (rate of NADPH production) is controlled by the glucose-6-phosphate deh ...
... oxidative phosphorylation. 4. Can also be used for gluconeogenesis to form G6P 5. 1 molecule of G6P can be converted via 6 cycles of PPP and gluconeogenesis to 6 CO2 molecules and generate 12 NADPH molecules. 6. Flux through PPP (rate of NADPH production) is controlled by the glucose-6-phosphate deh ...
Aislamiento in vitro e intensidad de infección de Rickettsia parkeri
... DISCUSSION: In the present study, we report the first in vitro isolation of R. parkeri from Argentina. Rickettsia parkeri isolates At97ARG and At114ARG obtained herein showed no genetic differences with those R. parkeri isolates reported in Uruguay and Brazil, both obtained from A. triste, and only ...
... DISCUSSION: In the present study, we report the first in vitro isolation of R. parkeri from Argentina. Rickettsia parkeri isolates At97ARG and At114ARG obtained herein showed no genetic differences with those R. parkeri isolates reported in Uruguay and Brazil, both obtained from A. triste, and only ...
Coffee, B, Zhang, F, Warren, ST and Reines, D: Acetylated histones are associated with the FMR1 gene in normal but not fragile X syndrome cells. Nature Genetics 22:98-101 (1999).
... analysis of 5-aza-dC−treated, fragile X-cell DNA showed partial demethylation of FMR1 promoter DNA (data not shown). Presumably, renewed transcription results from an increase of acetylated histones at FMR1, which in turn follows the reduction in DNA methylation. As the length of the CGG repeat trac ...
... analysis of 5-aza-dC−treated, fragile X-cell DNA showed partial demethylation of FMR1 promoter DNA (data not shown). Presumably, renewed transcription results from an increase of acetylated histones at FMR1, which in turn follows the reduction in DNA methylation. As the length of the CGG repeat trac ...
Antisense Transcript and RNA Processing
... was required for viability but could not produce stable atpB transcripts. Based on strand-specific RT-PCR, S1 nuclease protection, and RNA gel blots, evidence was obtained that the PSþ genome stabilizes atpB mRNA by generating an atpB antisense transcript, which attenuates the degradation of the pol ...
... was required for viability but could not produce stable atpB transcripts. Based on strand-specific RT-PCR, S1 nuclease protection, and RNA gel blots, evidence was obtained that the PSþ genome stabilizes atpB mRNA by generating an atpB antisense transcript, which attenuates the degradation of the pol ...
Canadian Journal of Microbiology
... 5 units of the restriction endonucleases AluI and HhaI (Gibco, BRL) individually. Restriction fragments were separated by gel electrophoresis on 2.5% agarose gels. One individual clone of each ribotype was used for sequence analysis. DNA sequencing and computer analysis For sequence identification, ...
... 5 units of the restriction endonucleases AluI and HhaI (Gibco, BRL) individually. Restriction fragments were separated by gel electrophoresis on 2.5% agarose gels. One individual clone of each ribotype was used for sequence analysis. DNA sequencing and computer analysis For sequence identification, ...
Roles of phosphatidate phosphatase enzymes in lipid metabolism
... pathway, where they generate DAG for the activation of protein kinase C [15–17]. In addition, PAP activity can attenuate the bioactive functions of PtdOH, which include promoting cell growth and proliferation, vesicular trafficking, secretion and endocytosis [5,8,17–20]. PAP1 PAP1 enzymes have been ...
... pathway, where they generate DAG for the activation of protein kinase C [15–17]. In addition, PAP activity can attenuate the bioactive functions of PtdOH, which include promoting cell growth and proliferation, vesicular trafficking, secretion and endocytosis [5,8,17–20]. PAP1 PAP1 enzymes have been ...
Lecture 4 POWERPOINT here
... A subunit is added one at a time by a repetitive enzymatic process ...
... A subunit is added one at a time by a repetitive enzymatic process ...
209 Original Scientific Article THE INFLUENCE OF
... dinucleotides after DNA replication (8). Also an oocyte-specific form of this enzyme, DNMT1o, was observed at high concentrations in mature oocytes and early embryos (zygots). Gene targeting experiments indicate that DNMT1o has a role in maintaining methylation marks at maternally imprinted genes in ...
... dinucleotides after DNA replication (8). Also an oocyte-specific form of this enzyme, DNMT1o, was observed at high concentrations in mature oocytes and early embryos (zygots). Gene targeting experiments indicate that DNMT1o has a role in maintaining methylation marks at maternally imprinted genes in ...
Enzymes
... Substrate is molecule upon which enzyme acts. Substrate binds with the enzyme's active site and enzyme-substrate complex formed. More substrate in a solution, the greater the rate of the reaction Enzymes have more product with which to react. B-3.03 -- Enzymes ...
... Substrate is molecule upon which enzyme acts. Substrate binds with the enzyme's active site and enzyme-substrate complex formed. More substrate in a solution, the greater the rate of the reaction Enzymes have more product with which to react. B-3.03 -- Enzymes ...
DNA Methylation
... Methyl (CH3) groups are added by proteins at selected sites on DNA, which in turn alters its properties. Methylation makes up 70%-80% of human CpG These changes can occur during one’s life and are heritable. Much of it is still unknown ...
... Methyl (CH3) groups are added by proteins at selected sites on DNA, which in turn alters its properties. Methylation makes up 70%-80% of human CpG These changes can occur during one’s life and are heritable. Much of it is still unknown ...
Enzymes of the Calvin Cycle and Intermediary
... gluconate dehydrogenase activity increased approximately 2-fold in both light- and C02limited cultures with decreasing dilution rate, the minimum activity in C0,-limited cultures [25 nmol substrate converted min-l (mg protein)-l] was 2.5 times greater than the lowest activity in light-limited cultur ...
... gluconate dehydrogenase activity increased approximately 2-fold in both light- and C02limited cultures with decreasing dilution rate, the minimum activity in C0,-limited cultures [25 nmol substrate converted min-l (mg protein)-l] was 2.5 times greater than the lowest activity in light-limited cultur ...
The complete nucleotide sequence of the RNA coding for the
... viral genome (Figure IX The nucleotide sequence of the region coding for the structural protein (VPs 1-4) has been previously reported (11). As shown In Figure 1 a large clone (pFA2O6) having a cONA Insert of 5.4Kb represented the major part of the genome coding for the non-structural proteins. To s ...
... viral genome (Figure IX The nucleotide sequence of the region coding for the structural protein (VPs 1-4) has been previously reported (11). As shown In Figure 1 a large clone (pFA2O6) having a cONA Insert of 5.4Kb represented the major part of the genome coding for the non-structural proteins. To s ...
From Molecular Systems to Simple Cells: a - TBI
... temporal and hierarchical organizations. From the level of stoichiometric related molecules to the cells of even the simplest organisms, there are several levels of increasing complexity each of them linked with the others by feedback loops and/or spacial vecinity. How these reactions emerged in the ...
... temporal and hierarchical organizations. From the level of stoichiometric related molecules to the cells of even the simplest organisms, there are several levels of increasing complexity each of them linked with the others by feedback loops and/or spacial vecinity. How these reactions emerged in the ...
document
... and a picture of the entire setup. The chip was fabricated in a 0.35m standard CMOS technology. The pixel pitch and a total area are 25m and 20.5mm2, respectively. Fig. 4 shows the dark count rate (DCR) cumulative probability plotted for different excess bias (Ve) conditions from 3.3V to 6.3V at r ...
... and a picture of the entire setup. The chip was fabricated in a 0.35m standard CMOS technology. The pixel pitch and a total area are 25m and 20.5mm2, respectively. Fig. 4 shows the dark count rate (DCR) cumulative probability plotted for different excess bias (Ve) conditions from 3.3V to 6.3V at r ...
NUCLEIC ACID ECONOMY IN BACTERIA INFECTED WITH
... roughly constant, and most of the further increase in cytosineless DNA can be accounted for as infective phage particles (Hershey, Dixon, and Chase, 1953). These facts suggest that unidentified DNA may be an immediate precursor of mature phage DNA. This hypothesis is susceptible of two types of test ...
... roughly constant, and most of the further increase in cytosineless DNA can be accounted for as infective phage particles (Hershey, Dixon, and Chase, 1953). These facts suggest that unidentified DNA may be an immediate precursor of mature phage DNA. This hypothesis is susceptible of two types of test ...
Chapter 5
... Over many generations, mutation could change allele frequencies After 1000 generations, frequency of A would be 0.81 Mutation can cause evolution, but it is usually does so slowly ...
... Over many generations, mutation could change allele frequencies After 1000 generations, frequency of A would be 0.81 Mutation can cause evolution, but it is usually does so slowly ...
1 Information theory as a model of genomic sequences Chengpeng
... base pairs), this suggests that the protein makes contacts across the same face of the double helix. Sequence conservation in the major groove can range anywhere between 0 and 2 bits depending on the strength of the contacts involved, and usually correlates with the highest information content posit ...
... base pairs), this suggests that the protein makes contacts across the same face of the double helix. Sequence conservation in the major groove can range anywhere between 0 and 2 bits depending on the strength of the contacts involved, and usually correlates with the highest information content posit ...
doc THREE finals
... that nucleotide variation among individuals in a population tends to be lower for genes that code for a very important protein, such as cytochrome c (a protein involved in cellular respiration), compared to genes that code for a less important protein, such as fibrinopeptide (involved in blood coagu ...
... that nucleotide variation among individuals in a population tends to be lower for genes that code for a very important protein, such as cytochrome c (a protein involved in cellular respiration), compared to genes that code for a less important protein, such as fibrinopeptide (involved in blood coagu ...
Database searching with DNA and protein sequences
... pairs assumed to be the most similar are given the highest total scores. Although, as has already been stated, sequencesearching programs take amino acids or bases simply as characters, biochemical knowledge can be built into the matrix. ...
... pairs assumed to be the most similar are given the highest total scores. Although, as has already been stated, sequencesearching programs take amino acids or bases simply as characters, biochemical knowledge can be built into the matrix. ...
Review Report
... If I understood the paper correctly, the hypothesis is that there were ancestral RNA molecules that both bound amino acids and catalyzed peptide bond formation, but only for what the author calls “bulky” amino acids. Preceding this combined role, the original RNA-AA binding may have been to increase ...
... If I understood the paper correctly, the hypothesis is that there were ancestral RNA molecules that both bound amino acids and catalyzed peptide bond formation, but only for what the author calls “bulky” amino acids. Preceding this combined role, the original RNA-AA binding may have been to increase ...
Deoxyribozyme
_DNAzyme.png?width=300)
Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.