Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions – Brooker et al ARIS site
... b. Taq polymerase is a heat-stable form of DNA polymerase that can function after exposure to high temperatures that are necessary for PCR. c. Taq polymerase is easier to isolate than other DNA polymerases. d. Taq polymerase is the DNA polymerase commonly produced by most eukaryotic cells. e. All of ...
... b. Taq polymerase is a heat-stable form of DNA polymerase that can function after exposure to high temperatures that are necessary for PCR. c. Taq polymerase is easier to isolate than other DNA polymerases. d. Taq polymerase is the DNA polymerase commonly produced by most eukaryotic cells. e. All of ...
1406 Topics for Practical Exam II
... 4. Know and be able to recognize all stages of meiosis. Know the differences between meiosis and mitosis. Which cells undergo meiosis, and for what purpose? 5. Know the process of transcription and translation. Be able to deduce the base sequence of an mRNA strand if given a DNA template. Be able to ...
... 4. Know and be able to recognize all stages of meiosis. Know the differences between meiosis and mitosis. Which cells undergo meiosis, and for what purpose? 5. Know the process of transcription and translation. Be able to deduce the base sequence of an mRNA strand if given a DNA template. Be able to ...
Biology Section 2 Molecules of Life Carbohydrates Carbohydrates
... o Peptide bond- condensation reaction between amino acids o Polypeptides- long string of amino acids o Protein shape influenced by bonding, solvent, temperature Enzymes o Enzymes- RNA or protein catalysts o Physical fit between enzyme and substrate (substance being catalyzed) o Active site- folds ...
... o Peptide bond- condensation reaction between amino acids o Polypeptides- long string of amino acids o Protein shape influenced by bonding, solvent, temperature Enzymes o Enzymes- RNA or protein catalysts o Physical fit between enzyme and substrate (substance being catalyzed) o Active site- folds ...
Chapter 12
... 3. RNA splicing Gene expression can be controlled by altering the rate of splicing in eukaryotes. Alternative splicing can produce multiple mRNAs from one gene. ...
... 3. RNA splicing Gene expression can be controlled by altering the rate of splicing in eukaryotes. Alternative splicing can produce multiple mRNAs from one gene. ...
The Flyswatter Game
... The rule stating that in DNA A on one strand always pairs with T on the opposite strand and G always pairs with C. ...
... The rule stating that in DNA A on one strand always pairs with T on the opposite strand and G always pairs with C. ...
Exam3fall2005ch9-12.doc
... 8) Since DNA replication is __________________, the lagging strands contains the Okazaki fragments that will be joined by ______________. a) Semiconservative, Polymerase b) Discontinuous, ligase c) Slow, accelerase d) Spontaneous, SSBP e) Complementary, helicase 9) The Central Dogma of Molecular Bio ...
... 8) Since DNA replication is __________________, the lagging strands contains the Okazaki fragments that will be joined by ______________. a) Semiconservative, Polymerase b) Discontinuous, ligase c) Slow, accelerase d) Spontaneous, SSBP e) Complementary, helicase 9) The Central Dogma of Molecular Bio ...
Biology Honors Final Review
... 2. If an animal cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, which way does the water move? In a hypotonic solution? In an isotonic solution? 3. What organelle regulates what gets into the cell? 4. Describe exocytosis and endocytosis. Why are these processes important to a cell? Unit: 5 1. What types o ...
... 2. If an animal cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, which way does the water move? In a hypotonic solution? In an isotonic solution? 3. What organelle regulates what gets into the cell? 4. Describe exocytosis and endocytosis. Why are these processes important to a cell? Unit: 5 1. What types o ...
Introduction to DNA
... called transcription factors to turn genes on Also regulated by way chromosome coiled (around histones proteins) Coiling makes genes buried and RNA polymerase can not get to ...
... called transcription factors to turn genes on Also regulated by way chromosome coiled (around histones proteins) Coiling makes genes buried and RNA polymerase can not get to ...
Document
... ___ 2. A certain mutant bacterial cell cannot produce substance 3. stimulate immunity X. 4. control a disorder The mutation was most likely the result of a change in the 1. structure of the cell membrane ___ 7. The type of molecule represented in the accompanying 2. ability of the DNA to replicate d ...
... ___ 2. A certain mutant bacterial cell cannot produce substance 3. stimulate immunity X. 4. control a disorder The mutation was most likely the result of a change in the 1. structure of the cell membrane ___ 7. The type of molecule represented in the accompanying 2. ability of the DNA to replicate d ...
Organic Macromolecule Notes
... a) Made of these elements: i) Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen b) Building Blocks: i) Amino acids c) Biological roles of proteins i) As structural molecules, adding strength/flexibility to tissues such as hair and muscles. ii) As enzymes, controlling the reactions within cells. iii) As antibodies ...
... a) Made of these elements: i) Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen b) Building Blocks: i) Amino acids c) Biological roles of proteins i) As structural molecules, adding strength/flexibility to tissues such as hair and muscles. ii) As enzymes, controlling the reactions within cells. iii) As antibodies ...
Power Point 3 - G. Holmes Braddock
... reaction from going to a higher rate). • If it is the limiting factor, the rate of reaction will go up but only to a certain rate. • If this occurs, concentration will no longer be the limiting factor and something else will have to limit the rate of reaction. ...
... reaction from going to a higher rate). • If it is the limiting factor, the rate of reaction will go up but only to a certain rate. • If this occurs, concentration will no longer be the limiting factor and something else will have to limit the rate of reaction. ...
Chapter 8, Sections 3 & 4 Pages 306-323
... Forming Polymers • Polymers form when chemical bonds link large numbers of monomers in a repeating pattern. • Figures 16-18, pg.’s 307-309. • Natural Polymers: • Proteins are formed from smaller molecules called amino acids. • Synthetic Polymers: • Plastics are made from simpler materials such as o ...
... Forming Polymers • Polymers form when chemical bonds link large numbers of monomers in a repeating pattern. • Figures 16-18, pg.’s 307-309. • Natural Polymers: • Proteins are formed from smaller molecules called amino acids. • Synthetic Polymers: • Plastics are made from simpler materials such as o ...
The Path From Genes to Proteins
... In eukaryotic cells • Genes are transcribed in the nucleus • Resulting mRNA is translated in the cytoplasm ...
... In eukaryotic cells • Genes are transcribed in the nucleus • Resulting mRNA is translated in the cytoplasm ...
Molecular Evolution - Integrative Biology
... The first estimate of time to the most recent common ancestor of humans and chimps was obtained using molecular data (~ 5-6 Myr); new hominid fossil discoveries since then are in agreement with the molecular data. The molecular clock is not constant; different lineages can show faster, or slower rat ...
... The first estimate of time to the most recent common ancestor of humans and chimps was obtained using molecular data (~ 5-6 Myr); new hominid fossil discoveries since then are in agreement with the molecular data. The molecular clock is not constant; different lineages can show faster, or slower rat ...
Gene Expression
... w RNA poly continues transcribing downstream for a ways before disconnecting. ...
... w RNA poly continues transcribing downstream for a ways before disconnecting. ...
DNA
... replication fork, a Y-shaped region where new DNA strands are elongating • Helicases are enzymes that untwist the double helix at the replication forks • Single-strand binding protein binds to and stabilizes single-stranded DNA until it can be used as a template • Topoisomerase corrects “overwinding ...
... replication fork, a Y-shaped region where new DNA strands are elongating • Helicases are enzymes that untwist the double helix at the replication forks • Single-strand binding protein binds to and stabilizes single-stranded DNA until it can be used as a template • Topoisomerase corrects “overwinding ...
Microbial Genetics Study guide
... occurs in the cytosol. Eukaryotes have three types of nuclear RNA polymerase and multiple transcription factors. Eukaryotic cells process mRNA before translation. RNA processing involves capping, polyadenylation, and splicing. ...
... occurs in the cytosol. Eukaryotes have three types of nuclear RNA polymerase and multiple transcription factors. Eukaryotic cells process mRNA before translation. RNA processing involves capping, polyadenylation, and splicing. ...
pgat biotechnology-2016
... 16. For a steady state condition, the change of substrate concentration (dCs/dt) is A. zero ...
... 16. For a steady state condition, the change of substrate concentration (dCs/dt) is A. zero ...
From DNA to Protein: Genotype to Phenotype Reading Assignments
... acids, the genetic code is redundant; that is, there is more than one codon for certain amino acids. However, a single codon does not specify more than one amino acid. • The genetic code is degenerate but not ...
... acids, the genetic code is redundant; that is, there is more than one codon for certain amino acids. However, a single codon does not specify more than one amino acid. • The genetic code is degenerate but not ...
7.1 DNA Introduction
... 1. Tobacco mosaic virus has RNA rather than DNA as its genetic material. In a hypothetical situation where RNA from a tobacco mosaic virus is mixed with proteins from a related DNA virus, the result could be a hybrid virus. If that virus were to infect a cell and reproduce, what would the resulting ...
... 1. Tobacco mosaic virus has RNA rather than DNA as its genetic material. In a hypothetical situation where RNA from a tobacco mosaic virus is mixed with proteins from a related DNA virus, the result could be a hybrid virus. If that virus were to infect a cell and reproduce, what would the resulting ...
Deoxyribozyme
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Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.