UNIT ONE Exam Review 2013 - Mr. Lesiuk
... 13. What is the drawing magnification for the drawing to the right? 14. What are the basic building blocks for each of the following: a) Proteins b) DNA 15. List the three major nutrient groups. 16. How many different amino acids are there? 17. Write out the proper name of DNA. 18. What three molecu ...
... 13. What is the drawing magnification for the drawing to the right? 14. What are the basic building blocks for each of the following: a) Proteins b) DNA 15. List the three major nutrient groups. 16. How many different amino acids are there? 17. Write out the proper name of DNA. 18. What three molecu ...
DNA Prokaryote Transcription Steps (updated February 2013)
... codon, there is polyA cleavage site AAUAAA. Somewhere within 20 to 200 or more bases downstream of this site, the excess RNA is cleaved and a polyA tail is added to the 3' portion of the newly cleaved hnRNA. The other piece of RNA trails the RNA polymerase II. However, an enzyme with 5'-3' exonuclea ...
... codon, there is polyA cleavage site AAUAAA. Somewhere within 20 to 200 or more bases downstream of this site, the excess RNA is cleaved and a polyA tail is added to the 3' portion of the newly cleaved hnRNA. The other piece of RNA trails the RNA polymerase II. However, an enzyme with 5'-3' exonuclea ...
As research continues, one thing we know for certain is
... colours of photons are harmless to our skin, it’s the sun’s ultraviolet light, the invisible light, that causes skin damage. This puts skin molecules into an energetically excited state and, as the saying goes, what goes up must come down. When this acquired energy is released there are biological c ...
... colours of photons are harmless to our skin, it’s the sun’s ultraviolet light, the invisible light, that causes skin damage. This puts skin molecules into an energetically excited state and, as the saying goes, what goes up must come down. When this acquired energy is released there are biological c ...
Notes - Haiku Learning
... b) Each tube has special nucleotide called dideoxynucleotide, derived from dideoxynucleic acid (ddNTP): after being added by DNA polymerase, it prevents any further nucleotide addition to the chain (4 types: A,T,C,G) c) Synthesis of each new DNA strand begins at 3’ end of primer and continues until ...
... b) Each tube has special nucleotide called dideoxynucleotide, derived from dideoxynucleic acid (ddNTP): after being added by DNA polymerase, it prevents any further nucleotide addition to the chain (4 types: A,T,C,G) c) Synthesis of each new DNA strand begins at 3’ end of primer and continues until ...
Chapter 10 Manipulating Genes
... Thousands of different proteins in a eukaryotic cell, including many with crucially important functions, are present in very small amounts. For these, it used to be extremely difficult, if not impossible, more than a few micrograms of pure material. One of the most important contributions of DNA clo ...
... Thousands of different proteins in a eukaryotic cell, including many with crucially important functions, are present in very small amounts. For these, it used to be extremely difficult, if not impossible, more than a few micrograms of pure material. One of the most important contributions of DNA clo ...
Chapter 1 – The nature of science
... o What stage of interphase are cells such as nerve cells stuck in? What are sister chromatids? What is the centromere? What is cytokinesis? o Cleavage furrow, cell plate What happens during the each stage of mitosis? o Prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. o Asters, spindle fibers, metaphase ...
... o What stage of interphase are cells such as nerve cells stuck in? What are sister chromatids? What is the centromere? What is cytokinesis? o Cleavage furrow, cell plate What happens during the each stage of mitosis? o Prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. o Asters, spindle fibers, metaphase ...
mc2 Genome_Organization
... – RNA genes are especially prone to becoming processed pseudogenes, because they often have internal promoters for pol3. That is, the retrotranscribed sequence contains its own promoter and doesn’t need to insert near another promoter. Alu sequences are and example of this: IThey are modified versio ...
... – RNA genes are especially prone to becoming processed pseudogenes, because they often have internal promoters for pol3. That is, the retrotranscribed sequence contains its own promoter and doesn’t need to insert near another promoter. Alu sequences are and example of this: IThey are modified versio ...
CDOs (Creative Designer Organisms)
... four other species to construct an antibiotic survival kit that also works in E. faecalis. pK214 is a live record of previous genetic exchange between pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria in food-associated environments. It is further demonstration of the presence of transmissible antibiotic-resist ...
... four other species to construct an antibiotic survival kit that also works in E. faecalis. pK214 is a live record of previous genetic exchange between pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria in food-associated environments. It is further demonstration of the presence of transmissible antibiotic-resist ...
training handout - Science Olympiad
... Trihybrid cross (probability analysis) Analysis of karyotypes for deletion, addition, translocation Transcription and translation Multifactorial traits Epistasis ...
... Trihybrid cross (probability analysis) Analysis of karyotypes for deletion, addition, translocation Transcription and translation Multifactorial traits Epistasis ...
Objectives - John Burroughs School
... 138. By using the techniques of genetic engineering, scientists are able to modify genetic material so that a particular gene of interest from one cell can be incorporated into a different cell. 1. Describe a procedure by which this can be done. 2. Explain the purpose of each step of your procedure. ...
... 138. By using the techniques of genetic engineering, scientists are able to modify genetic material so that a particular gene of interest from one cell can be incorporated into a different cell. 1. Describe a procedure by which this can be done. 2. Explain the purpose of each step of your procedure. ...
Reading Guide_08_EB_TandT
... 6. What are the examples of some instructions that a gene might be translated into? 7. What is the entire “book” of genetic instructions for an organism called? 8. How many DNA letters are in the human genome? ...
... 6. What are the examples of some instructions that a gene might be translated into? 7. What is the entire “book” of genetic instructions for an organism called? 8. How many DNA letters are in the human genome? ...
English 9 - Edmentum Support
... It refers to transfer of genetic material between bacteria through direct cell to cell contact. It refers to introduction of genetic material into animal cells. It refers to genetic material taken up from the environment through bacterial cell walls. ...
... It refers to transfer of genetic material between bacteria through direct cell to cell contact. It refers to introduction of genetic material into animal cells. It refers to genetic material taken up from the environment through bacterial cell walls. ...
drug-design
... • Is an approach that provides efficient synthesis of a large collection of molecules • Screening of libraries of related compounds to isolate the molecule of desirable property ...
... • Is an approach that provides efficient synthesis of a large collection of molecules • Screening of libraries of related compounds to isolate the molecule of desirable property ...
Biology Professor, Robert Osuna, Receives National Science
... (including DksA itself). The dksA gene expression was also found to be controlled at the level of translation (i.e. protein synthesis), and this control required a specific portion of the dksA mRNA referred to as the 5’-untranslated region (5’-UTR). One aim of this project is to investigate how dksA ...
... (including DksA itself). The dksA gene expression was also found to be controlled at the level of translation (i.e. protein synthesis), and this control required a specific portion of the dksA mRNA referred to as the 5’-untranslated region (5’-UTR). One aim of this project is to investigate how dksA ...
Bacteriophage DNA packaging
... Two broad functional groups— cytosolic and mitotic kinesins. Cytosolic kinesins: vesicle and organelle transport. Responsible for shuttling mitochondria, Golgi bodies, and vesicles within eukaryotic cells ...
... Two broad functional groups— cytosolic and mitotic kinesins. Cytosolic kinesins: vesicle and organelle transport. Responsible for shuttling mitochondria, Golgi bodies, and vesicles within eukaryotic cells ...
Document
... Occurs after exposure to a physical or chemical agent called a mutagen Modes of action 1. Incorporation of base analogs-structurally similar to the normal bases that get incorporated into the growing chain during replication. Typically they base pair with different bases and thus replace the normal ...
... Occurs after exposure to a physical or chemical agent called a mutagen Modes of action 1. Incorporation of base analogs-structurally similar to the normal bases that get incorporated into the growing chain during replication. Typically they base pair with different bases and thus replace the normal ...
Policy for sample drop-off and storage in the DNA Analysis Facility
... labeled with the user’s name, the Investigator’s name and the date. These samples will be returned to the bottom shelf of the same refrigerator after they have been run. Once data has been received, it is the responsibility of the user to retrieve or discard their samples. Samples that are more than ...
... labeled with the user’s name, the Investigator’s name and the date. These samples will be returned to the bottom shelf of the same refrigerator after they have been run. Once data has been received, it is the responsibility of the user to retrieve or discard their samples. Samples that are more than ...
X-ray Anomalous Diffraction Studies Quadruplex
... these chemotherapeutic agents. Further to the model of intercalation into duplex DNA, our studies have focussed on the modes of binding to higher order DNA structure as a potential target for many highly active clinical agents. These studies have yielded a previously unobserved mode of ...
... these chemotherapeutic agents. Further to the model of intercalation into duplex DNA, our studies have focussed on the modes of binding to higher order DNA structure as a potential target for many highly active clinical agents. These studies have yielded a previously unobserved mode of ...
Chapter 5 Gases - LCMR School District
... most base triplets (codons) code for amino acids; the genetic code consists of all sixty-four codons • Ribosomes, which consist of two subunits of rRNA and proteins, assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains • A tRNA has an anticodon complementary to an mRNA codon, and it has a binding site for t ...
... most base triplets (codons) code for amino acids; the genetic code consists of all sixty-four codons • Ribosomes, which consist of two subunits of rRNA and proteins, assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains • A tRNA has an anticodon complementary to an mRNA codon, and it has a binding site for t ...
Lecture 4
... An open reading frames starts with ATG in most species, and ends with a stop codon (TAA, TAG or TGA) A program called SIXFRAME, you can visit the site directly ...
... An open reading frames starts with ATG in most species, and ends with a stop codon (TAA, TAG or TGA) A program called SIXFRAME, you can visit the site directly ...
DNA and Gene Expression
... • Changing one base for another – Generally less likely to have an affect ...
... • Changing one base for another – Generally less likely to have an affect ...
Deoxyribozyme
_DNAzyme.png?width=300)
Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.