Science 1.5 Acids and Bases
... acids release hydrogen ions in water reactions (of acids with bases) to form salts pH and effects on indicators. Rates of reaction and particle theory. Uses neutralisation carbon dioxide formation salt formation. Acids and bases are restricted to HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, metal oxides, hydro ...
... acids release hydrogen ions in water reactions (of acids with bases) to form salts pH and effects on indicators. Rates of reaction and particle theory. Uses neutralisation carbon dioxide formation salt formation. Acids and bases are restricted to HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, metal oxides, hydro ...
UNIT 4: Chapter 6.1 Yellow Box Questions AK
... 2. Name and describe and draw the process that builds macromolecules. The process that builds macromolecules is called dehydration synthesis. To form a covalent bond between two sub-unit molecules, an -0H (hydroxyl) group is removed from one sub-unit and a hydrogen atom is removed from the other sub ...
... 2. Name and describe and draw the process that builds macromolecules. The process that builds macromolecules is called dehydration synthesis. To form a covalent bond between two sub-unit molecules, an -0H (hydroxyl) group is removed from one sub-unit and a hydrogen atom is removed from the other sub ...
dna extraction - Medical Research Council
... DNA has two strands that wrap around each other in a shape called a double helix. To help DNA stick tightly together the bases match up in pairs. A always partners with T and C always joins up with G. The spiral shape lets DNA wind itself up tight and small. There is about 2 metres of DNA inside eac ...
... DNA has two strands that wrap around each other in a shape called a double helix. To help DNA stick tightly together the bases match up in pairs. A always partners with T and C always joins up with G. The spiral shape lets DNA wind itself up tight and small. There is about 2 metres of DNA inside eac ...
013368718X_CH10_143-158.indd
... reconstruct the other half by the mechanism of base pairing. Because each strand can be used to make the other strand, the strands are said to be complementary. DNA copies itself through the process of replication: The two strands of the double helix unzip, forming replication forks. New bases are a ...
... reconstruct the other half by the mechanism of base pairing. Because each strand can be used to make the other strand, the strands are said to be complementary. DNA copies itself through the process of replication: The two strands of the double helix unzip, forming replication forks. New bases are a ...
DNA - smoser
... A common type of mutation caused by ultraviolet radiation occurs when two thymines become bonded to each other, forming a kink in the DNA molecule. This type of mutation, called a thymine dimer, can result in incorrect nucleotides being paired with it when the strand is replicated. To repair this mu ...
... A common type of mutation caused by ultraviolet radiation occurs when two thymines become bonded to each other, forming a kink in the DNA molecule. This type of mutation, called a thymine dimer, can result in incorrect nucleotides being paired with it when the strand is replicated. To repair this mu ...
Practical Guide: Selecting the Optimal Resins for Removal of DNA
... be reduced to 10–100 pg/dose. Cell culture clarification processes, such as centrifugation or tangential flow filtration (TFF), can provide some initial DNA removal. However, such techniques create high-shear conditions, which could increase cell disruption and, as a result, contamination. In additi ...
... be reduced to 10–100 pg/dose. Cell culture clarification processes, such as centrifugation or tangential flow filtration (TFF), can provide some initial DNA removal. However, such techniques create high-shear conditions, which could increase cell disruption and, as a result, contamination. In additi ...
Everyone Needs a Repair Crew: Elizabethkingia anophelis R26
... the group could see all the information and add to it accordingly. Any other materials used were the various websites, that are cited below, that we used to help us better understand our selected genes and their processes. For our methods we began by navigating to the Rast database where we chose th ...
... the group could see all the information and add to it accordingly. Any other materials used were the various websites, that are cited below, that we used to help us better understand our selected genes and their processes. For our methods we began by navigating to the Rast database where we chose th ...
DNA Packaging
... Higher-order DNA compaction in a eukaryotic chromosome. This model shows the levels of organization that could provide the observed degree of DNA compaction in the chromosomes of eukaryotes. First the DNA is wrapped around histone octamers, then H1 stimulates formation of the 30 nm filament. Further ...
... Higher-order DNA compaction in a eukaryotic chromosome. This model shows the levels of organization that could provide the observed degree of DNA compaction in the chromosomes of eukaryotes. First the DNA is wrapped around histone octamers, then H1 stimulates formation of the 30 nm filament. Further ...
Chapter 17 From Gene to Protein
... Once the transcription initiation complex is in place, the double helix unwinds and synthesis begins at the start point. As the RNA polymerase II moves, the DNA continues to unwind exposing 10 to 20 bases at a time for pairing with RNA nucleotides. In the wake of the advancing RNA synthesis, the dou ...
... Once the transcription initiation complex is in place, the double helix unwinds and synthesis begins at the start point. As the RNA polymerase II moves, the DNA continues to unwind exposing 10 to 20 bases at a time for pairing with RNA nucleotides. In the wake of the advancing RNA synthesis, the dou ...
Biotechnology_S14
... Do we add the same or different restriction enzymes to each setup? Why? 2. A gel electrophoresis chamber has been set up. There is a gel that has wells in it at the negative end of the ...
... Do we add the same or different restriction enzymes to each setup? Why? 2. A gel electrophoresis chamber has been set up. There is a gel that has wells in it at the negative end of the ...
Translation (Protein Synthesis)
... polypeptide or protein ____ tRNA molecules line up by matching their anticodons to the mRNA codon sequence ____ tRNA pick up amino acids and bring them to the ribosome ____ mRNA detaches from ribosomes, proteins are modified and folded for use ...
... polypeptide or protein ____ tRNA molecules line up by matching their anticodons to the mRNA codon sequence ____ tRNA pick up amino acids and bring them to the ribosome ____ mRNA detaches from ribosomes, proteins are modified and folded for use ...
Biochemistry
... Explain the difference between acids and bases and be able to identify an acid or base by its position on the pH scale. Also explain how a buffer affects the pH of a solution. Explain the role of condensation and hydrolysis reactions in the formation and break down of organic compounds (notes and fi ...
... Explain the difference between acids and bases and be able to identify an acid or base by its position on the pH scale. Also explain how a buffer affects the pH of a solution. Explain the role of condensation and hydrolysis reactions in the formation and break down of organic compounds (notes and fi ...
Analysis of the DNA Methylation Patterns at the BRCA1 CpG Island
... sequencing of PCR products was used for the determination of the CpG methylation pattern. Sodium bisulfite converts unmethylated cytosines to uraciles while the methylated cytosines remain unmodified. In the resultant modified DNA, uraciles are replicated as thymines during PCR amplification [4]. Af ...
... sequencing of PCR products was used for the determination of the CpG methylation pattern. Sodium bisulfite converts unmethylated cytosines to uraciles while the methylated cytosines remain unmodified. In the resultant modified DNA, uraciles are replicated as thymines during PCR amplification [4]. Af ...
Study Guide – Big Idea #1 Essential knowledge 1.A.1: Natural
... 1. Primitive Earth provided inorganic precursors from which organic molecules could have been synthesized due to the presence of available free energy and the absence of a significant quantity of oxygen. 2. In turn, these molecules served as monomers or building blocks for the formation of more com ...
... 1. Primitive Earth provided inorganic precursors from which organic molecules could have been synthesized due to the presence of available free energy and the absence of a significant quantity of oxygen. 2. In turn, these molecules served as monomers or building blocks for the formation of more com ...
ss_tn_biol_04_using_variation
... Explain what causes type I diabetes and the role of insulin, and how genetic modification helps diabetic people. ...
... Explain what causes type I diabetes and the role of insulin, and how genetic modification helps diabetic people. ...
CHAPTER 10
... Footprints of Biological Evolution (1) • The genomes of hundreds of organisms have been sequenced. • In 2004 the “finished” version of the human genome was reported. – It contains about 20,000 genes. – Alternate splicing of messenger RNA may account for several proteins from one gene. – Post-transla ...
... Footprints of Biological Evolution (1) • The genomes of hundreds of organisms have been sequenced. • In 2004 the “finished” version of the human genome was reported. – It contains about 20,000 genes. – Alternate splicing of messenger RNA may account for several proteins from one gene. – Post-transla ...
Genetic Variation in Natural Selection
... 1A.1c: Genetic variation and mutation play roles in natural selection. A diverse gene pool is important for the survival of a species in a changing environment. 1A.1d: Environments can be more or less stable or fluctuating, and this affects evolutionary rate and direction; different genetic variatio ...
... 1A.1c: Genetic variation and mutation play roles in natural selection. A diverse gene pool is important for the survival of a species in a changing environment. 1A.1d: Environments can be more or less stable or fluctuating, and this affects evolutionary rate and direction; different genetic variatio ...
Tumor-suppressor genes
... operator and prevents RNA polymerase action. – Lactose inactivates the repressor, so – The operator is unblocked – RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter, and – all three genes of the operon are transcribed. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... operator and prevents RNA polymerase action. – Lactose inactivates the repressor, so – The operator is unblocked – RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter, and – all three genes of the operon are transcribed. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
GM foods are foods that contain components of GM crops*plants that
... be performed in the field with little expertise. The second test, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), identifies sequences of DNA that have been inserted into the GM plant. In contrast to proteins, DNA is a relatively stable molecule, thus DNA fragments can be isolated from highly processed f ...
... be performed in the field with little expertise. The second test, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), identifies sequences of DNA that have been inserted into the GM plant. In contrast to proteins, DNA is a relatively stable molecule, thus DNA fragments can be isolated from highly processed f ...
3 Basic Shapes
... reproduction where one cell splits into two cells – Both cells have identical sets of DNA – Less genetic diversity ...
... reproduction where one cell splits into two cells – Both cells have identical sets of DNA – Less genetic diversity ...
Algorithms for Bioinformatics Autumn 2010
... Extract those sequences from the clustered genes and search for a common motif sequence. Some basic techniques for motif discovery covered in the Algorithms for Bioinformatics course (period I) and more advanced ones in Algorithms in Molecular Biology course ...
... Extract those sequences from the clustered genes and search for a common motif sequence. Some basic techniques for motif discovery covered in the Algorithms for Bioinformatics course (period I) and more advanced ones in Algorithms in Molecular Biology course ...
современные проблемы молекулярной биологии
... A. a 6-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base and 3 phosphate groups B. long chains of hydrocarbons with phosphate groups attached C. a 5-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group D. a 6-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group E. a 5-carbon sugar, a fatty acid chain and a phosp ...
... A. a 6-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base and 3 phosphate groups B. long chains of hydrocarbons with phosphate groups attached C. a 5-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group D. a 6-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group E. a 5-carbon sugar, a fatty acid chain and a phosp ...
Biotechnology - Glen Rose FFA
... plants or animals, or to develop microorganisms for specific uses ...
... plants or animals, or to develop microorganisms for specific uses ...
Pathchat no 32 Paternity (rev)
... 1. Basic DNA principles Chromosomes in the nucleus consist of DNA, which are found in all cells of the body. Paternity testing can therefore use a variety of specimen types for collection; including cells from the cheeks using buccal swabs, blood or any other types of specimens. Humans have 22 match ...
... 1. Basic DNA principles Chromosomes in the nucleus consist of DNA, which are found in all cells of the body. Paternity testing can therefore use a variety of specimen types for collection; including cells from the cheeks using buccal swabs, blood or any other types of specimens. Humans have 22 match ...
Deoxyribozyme
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Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.