Slide 1
... Quality values for sequence data are numbers that represent the probability that the given base call is an error. Because these probabilities are always less than 1, the value is given as the negative log(10) of the probability, multiplied by 10. For example, a probability of 0.001 (1x10-3) is repre ...
... Quality values for sequence data are numbers that represent the probability that the given base call is an error. Because these probabilities are always less than 1, the value is given as the negative log(10) of the probability, multiplied by 10. For example, a probability of 0.001 (1x10-3) is repre ...
Analysis of Cell Ageing
... The response to estrogen depends on the affinity of the cells receptors due to the low circulating concentrations [10 -8 – 10-10 M]. The receptors belong to a superfamily of intracellular receptors that bind steroids, retinoids, thyroid hormones and Vitamin D. Ligands bind to receptors which directl ...
... The response to estrogen depends on the affinity of the cells receptors due to the low circulating concentrations [10 -8 – 10-10 M]. The receptors belong to a superfamily of intracellular receptors that bind steroids, retinoids, thyroid hormones and Vitamin D. Ligands bind to receptors which directl ...
Overview of Recombinant DNA Experiments Covered by
... Introduction of certain synthetic nucleic acids into a biological system that is not expected to present a biosafety risk that requires review by the IBC Introduction of synthetic nucleic acid molecules into biological systems akin to processes of nucleic acid transfer that already occur in nature. ...
... Introduction of certain synthetic nucleic acids into a biological system that is not expected to present a biosafety risk that requires review by the IBC Introduction of synthetic nucleic acid molecules into biological systems akin to processes of nucleic acid transfer that already occur in nature. ...
Chapter 18. Bacterial Genetics Why study bacterial genetics?
... 1st recognized in 1950s in Japan bacterial dysentery not responding to antibiotics worldwide problem now ...
... 1st recognized in 1950s in Japan bacterial dysentery not responding to antibiotics worldwide problem now ...
Types of plasmid One way of grouping plasmids is by their ability to
... harbors them. The plasmids are next inserted into bacteria by a process called transformation, which are then grown on specific antibiotic(s). Bacteria which took up one or more copies of the plasmid then express (make protein from) the gene that confers antibiotic resistance. This is typically a pr ...
... harbors them. The plasmids are next inserted into bacteria by a process called transformation, which are then grown on specific antibiotic(s). Bacteria which took up one or more copies of the plasmid then express (make protein from) the gene that confers antibiotic resistance. This is typically a pr ...
protein synthesis
... determine the amino acid sequence that results from the transcription and translation of the following nucleotide sequence: 5’ TACTCGGCATTGTGA 3’ ...
... determine the amino acid sequence that results from the transcription and translation of the following nucleotide sequence: 5’ TACTCGGCATTGTGA 3’ ...
Recombinant DNA Technology
... a host, and they frequently carry genes conferring resistance to antibiotics such as tetracycline, ampicillin, or kanamycin. The expression of these marker genes can be used to distinguish between host cells that carry the vectors and those that do not ...
... a host, and they frequently carry genes conferring resistance to antibiotics such as tetracycline, ampicillin, or kanamycin. The expression of these marker genes can be used to distinguish between host cells that carry the vectors and those that do not ...
enzymes - JonesHonorsBioGreen
... CELLS MUST CREATE AND/OR PROCESS ENERGY USING CHEMICAL REACTIONS. • ENZYMES: ...
... CELLS MUST CREATE AND/OR PROCESS ENERGY USING CHEMICAL REACTIONS. • ENZYMES: ...
Cell ENERGY & ENZYMES
... • CATALYST: a substance that causes a chemical reaction to ______________ The substance is not changed or used up. ...
... • CATALYST: a substance that causes a chemical reaction to ______________ The substance is not changed or used up. ...
Characterization of a heat-active archaeal β
... considered as producer of extreme thermostable enzymes (extremozymes). The majority of these enzymes are more resistant to chemical denaturation compared to their counterparts produced from mesophiles [1]. Of special interest for industrial application are hypertherophilic Archaea since they grow op ...
... considered as producer of extreme thermostable enzymes (extremozymes). The majority of these enzymes are more resistant to chemical denaturation compared to their counterparts produced from mesophiles [1]. Of special interest for industrial application are hypertherophilic Archaea since they grow op ...
Skin Sense
... revealed another complexity of skin—one that he’s still puzzling over. ¶ Chang’s curiosity also led him into a new realm of study: long noncoding RNAs. In the past year, the HHMI early career scientist at Stanford University debuted a technique for determining RNA structures, and now he’s making nov ...
... revealed another complexity of skin—one that he’s still puzzling over. ¶ Chang’s curiosity also led him into a new realm of study: long noncoding RNAs. In the past year, the HHMI early career scientist at Stanford University debuted a technique for determining RNA structures, and now he’s making nov ...
Chapter 8 Enzyme PPT
... Each enzyme is the specific helper to a specific reaction each enzyme needs to be the right shape for the job enzymes are named for the reaction they help ...
... Each enzyme is the specific helper to a specific reaction each enzyme needs to be the right shape for the job enzymes are named for the reaction they help ...
Crick (1958) companion
... Ok that's enough current events. Back to Crick. SQ10. Compare Crick's view of the role of RNA with your current, presumably superior view. ...
... Ok that's enough current events. Back to Crick. SQ10. Compare Crick's view of the role of RNA with your current, presumably superior view. ...
building trees
... A talk by Walter Fitch (slides and sound) on the evolution of this molecule is here . This article by Yang et al, 2000 gives more background on ml aproaches to measure omega. The dataset used by Yang et al is here: flu_data.paup . ...
... A talk by Walter Fitch (slides and sound) on the evolution of this molecule is here . This article by Yang et al, 2000 gives more background on ml aproaches to measure omega. The dataset used by Yang et al is here: flu_data.paup . ...
A common mechanism for ATP hydrolysis in ABC transporter and
... Cα atoms of 3.4 Å and 2.6 Å, respectively (Table 1). Interestingly, the next two structural neighbours identified by the search were the RecA protein and the helicase domain of the bacteriophage T7 helicase–primase with Z scores of 7.4 and 8.3, and rmsd values of 3.3 Å and 3.6 Å, respectively. The s ...
... Cα atoms of 3.4 Å and 2.6 Å, respectively (Table 1). Interestingly, the next two structural neighbours identified by the search were the RecA protein and the helicase domain of the bacteriophage T7 helicase–primase with Z scores of 7.4 and 8.3, and rmsd values of 3.3 Å and 3.6 Å, respectively. The s ...
Microsoft Word Document
... DNA dependent DNA polymerase I or DNA Pol I- An enzyme that uses a DNA template to polymerize nucleotides onto a free 3’ OH of an existing RNA oligonucleotide (primer). DNA Pol I has a 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity that is called an editing or proofreading activity. It also has a 5’ to 3’ exonuclea ...
... DNA dependent DNA polymerase I or DNA Pol I- An enzyme that uses a DNA template to polymerize nucleotides onto a free 3’ OH of an existing RNA oligonucleotide (primer). DNA Pol I has a 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity that is called an editing or proofreading activity. It also has a 5’ to 3’ exonuclea ...
Microsoft Word
... of Piwi in the proximity of the chromatin rather than a single stable complex in the nucleus. Moreover the simultaneous interactions of Piwi with polysomes could indicate a cycle of functional trafficking between the nucleus and cytoplasm in early embryogenesis. Small RNA pathways are vital mechanis ...
... of Piwi in the proximity of the chromatin rather than a single stable complex in the nucleus. Moreover the simultaneous interactions of Piwi with polysomes could indicate a cycle of functional trafficking between the nucleus and cytoplasm in early embryogenesis. Small RNA pathways are vital mechanis ...
Structure and Physiological significance of lipid
... can replicate autonomously within a host, and they frequently carry genes conferring resistance to antibiotics such as tetracycline, ampicillin, or kanamycin. The expression of these marker genes can be used to distinguish between host cells that carry the vectors and those that do not ...
... can replicate autonomously within a host, and they frequently carry genes conferring resistance to antibiotics such as tetracycline, ampicillin, or kanamycin. The expression of these marker genes can be used to distinguish between host cells that carry the vectors and those that do not ...
Document
... • Distinct RNA molecules directly perform or mediate enzymatic processes such as RNA cleavage, splicing and translation. • Non-coding RNAs are involved in a tremendous variety of gene regulatory mechanisms that operate at both the DNA and mRNA level . • Seven types of RNA switches have been found in ...
... • Distinct RNA molecules directly perform or mediate enzymatic processes such as RNA cleavage, splicing and translation. • Non-coding RNAs are involved in a tremendous variety of gene regulatory mechanisms that operate at both the DNA and mRNA level . • Seven types of RNA switches have been found in ...
Presentation - University of Warwick
... in many human cancers. The protein product is a transcription factor that works in a heterodimeric complex with the protein Max (figure 1). This complex controls cell cycle progression (G1 to S phase), inhibits terminal differentiation, and (somewhat paradoxically) can induce apoptosis. Control of a ...
... in many human cancers. The protein product is a transcription factor that works in a heterodimeric complex with the protein Max (figure 1). This complex controls cell cycle progression (G1 to S phase), inhibits terminal differentiation, and (somewhat paradoxically) can induce apoptosis. Control of a ...
Deoxyribozyme
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Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.