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1 keratin, fibrous structural protein of hair, nails, horn, hoofs, wool

... Keratinized tissues can form onto a base of skin or bone. Keratinized structures such as hairs and fingernails are embedded in the skin. Calluses on hands or feet are mounds of keratin which have been created in response to repeated stress on a particular region of skin. Other structures, such as th ...
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... mRNA Codon/Amino Acid Chart Teacher Directions Explain to students that they are to: • Transcribe the DNA into mRNA codons by writing the complementary bases. • Find a codon’s first base in the first column of the chart; stay in this row. • Find the second base in the middle of the chart, stay in t ...
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... harboring pMAV1-1 was cultivated in the presence of IPTG, distinct amount of recombinant apo-mavicyanin was produced as insoluble inclusion bodies. The inclusion bodies were solubilized by 8 M urea and the recombinant protein was purified with cation-exchange chromatography to a single protein band ...
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... Rab thioesters [23,24] (Figure 3). Dansyl and NBD fluorophores were introduced as reporters. This approach also enabled precise installation of GDP/GTP(or analog GppNHp) into Rab proteins to generate the ‘off’ and ‘on’ states, yielding homogeneous preparations of functionalized prenylated proteins i ...
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2ABL
2ABL

... an organization that guides our current understanding of their biological properties and evolutionary origins. Here, we reveal a structural organization distinct from this traditional hierarchy by statistical analysis of correlated evolution between amino acids. Applied to the S1A serine proteases, ...
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Proteolysis



Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.
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