Introduction to Carbohydrates
... Fatty acids shorter than 12 carbons can cross the inner mitochondrial membrane without the aid of carnitine or the CPT system. Once inside the mitochondria, they are activated to their CoA derivatives by matrix enzymes, and are oxidized. ...
... Fatty acids shorter than 12 carbons can cross the inner mitochondrial membrane without the aid of carnitine or the CPT system. Once inside the mitochondria, they are activated to their CoA derivatives by matrix enzymes, and are oxidized. ...
Structure of bacterial luciferase
... Alignment of the amino acid sequence of the ~ subunit with that of the [3 subunit demonstrates that they share 32% sequence identity, and that the c~ subunit has 31 amino acid residues that are not present in the 13 subunit [2]. The apparent homology of the subunits has suggested that they should ha ...
... Alignment of the amino acid sequence of the ~ subunit with that of the [3 subunit demonstrates that they share 32% sequence identity, and that the c~ subunit has 31 amino acid residues that are not present in the 13 subunit [2]. The apparent homology of the subunits has suggested that they should ha ...
Phenytoin, introduced in 1938, is the
... form. Mostly the metabolite enters the urine by active tubular secretion and not as a glomerular filtrate. Below the saturation concentration, first-order metabolism is followed. However, above the saturation concentration, metabolic degradation follows a slower, zero-order process, contributing to ...
... form. Mostly the metabolite enters the urine by active tubular secretion and not as a glomerular filtrate. Below the saturation concentration, first-order metabolism is followed. However, above the saturation concentration, metabolic degradation follows a slower, zero-order process, contributing to ...
David Rittenberg - National Academy of Sciences
... was instead assigned to H. T. Clarke, chair of the Department of Biochemistry at P&S to promote biological uses of 2H. At that time one interest of Clarke’s was the possibility of demonstrating optical activity for a compound, Cab1H2H. Clarke also suggested to Rittenberg a “roving commission” to tal ...
... was instead assigned to H. T. Clarke, chair of the Department of Biochemistry at P&S to promote biological uses of 2H. At that time one interest of Clarke’s was the possibility of demonstrating optical activity for a compound, Cab1H2H. Clarke also suggested to Rittenberg a “roving commission” to tal ...
The Bacterial Toxin RelE Displays Codon
... of protein synthesis by RelE in vivo. We have found that although RelE does not degrade free RNA, it cleaves mRNA in the ribosomal A site with high codon specificity. Among stop codons UAG is cleaved with fast, UAA intermediate and UGA slow rate, while UCG and CAG are cleaved most rapidly among sens ...
... of protein synthesis by RelE in vivo. We have found that although RelE does not degrade free RNA, it cleaves mRNA in the ribosomal A site with high codon specificity. Among stop codons UAG is cleaved with fast, UAA intermediate and UGA slow rate, while UCG and CAG are cleaved most rapidly among sens ...
Glutathione Breakthrough: Advancement in
... Glutathione (GSH) is one of the most critical molecules of the entire body. GSH plays an important role in antioxidant defense, nutrient metabolism and is key in a vast number of cellular processes including gene expression, DNA and protein synthesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis, signal transdu ...
... Glutathione (GSH) is one of the most critical molecules of the entire body. GSH plays an important role in antioxidant defense, nutrient metabolism and is key in a vast number of cellular processes including gene expression, DNA and protein synthesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis, signal transdu ...
MCAD - MSOE Center for BioMolecular Modeling
... Medim Chain Acyl-Coenzmye A dehydrogenase (MCAD) Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) Electron Transferring Flavoprotein (ETF) Enzymes catalyzes the rate of reaction Multiple Intermolecular Interactions ...
... Medim Chain Acyl-Coenzmye A dehydrogenase (MCAD) Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) Electron Transferring Flavoprotein (ETF) Enzymes catalyzes the rate of reaction Multiple Intermolecular Interactions ...
BIOCHEMISTRY Which of the following single
... It is used in the synthesis of DNA. It contains 3 phosphate bonds for energy storage. It is used to drive thermodynamically unfavorable reactions. It is produced mainly by substrate level phosphorylation. ...
... It is used in the synthesis of DNA. It contains 3 phosphate bonds for energy storage. It is used to drive thermodynamically unfavorable reactions. It is produced mainly by substrate level phosphorylation. ...
Central carbon metabolism of Saccharomyces
... cleavage pathway (GCV) which interconverts glycine into a C1 unit and CO2 [46]. Biosynthesis of proteinogenic amino acids in S. cerevisiae In order to recruit proteinogenic amino acids as probes to study central carbon metabolism [1,4], their biosynthetic pathways must be available. When applying th ...
... cleavage pathway (GCV) which interconverts glycine into a C1 unit and CO2 [46]. Biosynthesis of proteinogenic amino acids in S. cerevisiae In order to recruit proteinogenic amino acids as probes to study central carbon metabolism [1,4], their biosynthetic pathways must be available. When applying th ...
Advances in Chemical Protein Modification
... The chemical modification of proteins aims to obtain new bioconjugates by performing chemical reactions on their original structures, maintaining both protein integrity and function. The ideal requirements for such reactions are those amenable with proteins such as functional group tolerance/ compati ...
... The chemical modification of proteins aims to obtain new bioconjugates by performing chemical reactions on their original structures, maintaining both protein integrity and function. The ideal requirements for such reactions are those amenable with proteins such as functional group tolerance/ compati ...
regulation of fatty acid synthesis
... the heteromeric plastid form of the ACCase that provides malonyl-CoA for fatty acid synthesis. In addition to the β-carboxyltransferase subunit characterized by Sasaki, clones are now available for the biotin carboxylase (94), biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) (17), and α-subunit of the carboxy ...
... the heteromeric plastid form of the ACCase that provides malonyl-CoA for fatty acid synthesis. In addition to the β-carboxyltransferase subunit characterized by Sasaki, clones are now available for the biotin carboxylase (94), biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) (17), and α-subunit of the carboxy ...
Porphyrins (Structure of Porphyrins)
... Porphyrins are cyclic compounds that readily bind metal ions, usually Fe2+, Fe3+. The most prevalent metallopophyrin in human is heme, which consists of one Fe2+ coordinated in the center of tetrapyrrol ring protoporphyrin lX through methenyl bridges. Heme is the prothetic group for hemoglopin, myog ...
... Porphyrins are cyclic compounds that readily bind metal ions, usually Fe2+, Fe3+. The most prevalent metallopophyrin in human is heme, which consists of one Fe2+ coordinated in the center of tetrapyrrol ring protoporphyrin lX through methenyl bridges. Heme is the prothetic group for hemoglopin, myog ...
The change from lipid to carbohydrate during the respiratory rise in
... provided labeled compounds, while fresh tissue totally lacks this ability (5). To date the only intimation of the possible nature of the carbon path comprising the basal respiration has been the evolution of 14CO2 by fresh slices from long-chain, carboxyl-labeled fatty acids. T h e characteristics o ...
... provided labeled compounds, while fresh tissue totally lacks this ability (5). To date the only intimation of the possible nature of the carbon path comprising the basal respiration has been the evolution of 14CO2 by fresh slices from long-chain, carboxyl-labeled fatty acids. T h e characteristics o ...
Chlamydia Exploit the Mammalian Tryptophan-Depletion
... terminal portion of Pmp's illustrate how proteins that have Trp "hotspots" can be sensitive to Trp ...
... terminal portion of Pmp's illustrate how proteins that have Trp "hotspots" can be sensitive to Trp ...
Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMP Shunt)
... HMP shunt (PPP) is less active in skeletal muscle & non-lactating mammary glands Site:- ...
... HMP shunt (PPP) is less active in skeletal muscle & non-lactating mammary glands Site:- ...
Unusual properties of the fungal conventional kinesin neck domain
... 1996), but experimental evidence has been lacking so far. We therefore synthesized a NcKin neck domain peptide comprising amino acids 338±379 (peptide Kn1, Figure 1), which exceeds the expected coiled-coil by ®ve amino acid residues at both the N- and C-termini. The solubility and conformational sta ...
... 1996), but experimental evidence has been lacking so far. We therefore synthesized a NcKin neck domain peptide comprising amino acids 338±379 (peptide Kn1, Figure 1), which exceeds the expected coiled-coil by ®ve amino acid residues at both the N- and C-termini. The solubility and conformational sta ...
Genetic Disorders of Mitochondrial and Peroxisomal Fatty Acid
... units produced during |3 oxidation into the ketone bodies acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate. These are important fuels for certain organs, especially the brain. Fatty acids are the main source of energy in the heart. Indeed, under normal conditions 60% to 70% of the energy requirements of the heart ...
... units produced during |3 oxidation into the ketone bodies acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate. These are important fuels for certain organs, especially the brain. Fatty acids are the main source of energy in the heart. Indeed, under normal conditions 60% to 70% of the energy requirements of the heart ...
A non-canonical pathway for aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in
... A non-canonical pathway for aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in haloarchaea Identification and function of essential genes ...
... A non-canonical pathway for aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in haloarchaea Identification and function of essential genes ...
A Complementary Circular Code in the Protein Coding
... (formed by a series of trinucleotides of X0 ) without using a start codon; (ii) the DNA complementarity property C (e.g. C(AAC) = GTT): C(T0 ) = T0 , C(T1 ) = T2 and C(T2 ) = T1 allowing the two paired reading frames of a DNA double helix simultaneously to code for amino acids; (iii) the circular pe ...
... (formed by a series of trinucleotides of X0 ) without using a start codon; (ii) the DNA complementarity property C (e.g. C(AAC) = GTT): C(T0 ) = T0 , C(T1 ) = T2 and C(T2 ) = T1 allowing the two paired reading frames of a DNA double helix simultaneously to code for amino acids; (iii) the circular pe ...
Biochemistry2 2016 Lecture Glycogen Metabolism
... Auto-inhibited kinases have either an N or C terminal pseudo-substrate sequence. It make the active site inaccessible to substrate. The CaM subunit binds near the auto-inhibitory sequence and the activation of CaM by binding Ca+2, binds to the auto-inhibitory sequence and it opens up the access to t ...
... Auto-inhibited kinases have either an N or C terminal pseudo-substrate sequence. It make the active site inaccessible to substrate. The CaM subunit binds near the auto-inhibitory sequence and the activation of CaM by binding Ca+2, binds to the auto-inhibitory sequence and it opens up the access to t ...
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.