Mechanisms underlying inhibition of muscle disuse
... sequencing and functionally characterising its skeletal muscle transcriptome, and to conduct gene expression profiling to identify transcriptional pathways associated with metabolic depression and maintenance of muscle function in aestivating burrowing frogs. A transcriptome was assembled using next ...
... sequencing and functionally characterising its skeletal muscle transcriptome, and to conduct gene expression profiling to identify transcriptional pathways associated with metabolic depression and maintenance of muscle function in aestivating burrowing frogs. A transcriptome was assembled using next ...
Contribution of 13C-NMR spectroscopy to the elucidation of
... pyruvate and oxaloacetate are formed, respectively. These intermediates can be partially oxidized to acetate and partially reduced to propionate leading to stoichiometries as given in Table 2 (Eqs. 1 and 2). Also glutamate may be converted reductively to propionate (Table 2, Eq. 3). This was describ ...
... pyruvate and oxaloacetate are formed, respectively. These intermediates can be partially oxidized to acetate and partially reduced to propionate leading to stoichiometries as given in Table 2 (Eqs. 1 and 2). Also glutamate may be converted reductively to propionate (Table 2, Eq. 3). This was describ ...
STUDIES ON THE CHLORAMPHENICOL HALOGENASE CmlS
... The flavin-dependent halogenases are the most prevalent class of halogenase responsible for the regio- and stereoselective incorporation of halogens into natural products. These enzymes require FAD, O2, NADH, and a flavin reductase to perform catalysis. The majority of these enzymes are observed to ...
... The flavin-dependent halogenases are the most prevalent class of halogenase responsible for the regio- and stereoselective incorporation of halogens into natural products. These enzymes require FAD, O2, NADH, and a flavin reductase to perform catalysis. The majority of these enzymes are observed to ...
ESTUDIO DE LOS MECANISMOS DE INHIBICIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD CARNITINA PALMITOILTRANSFERASA 1
... this enzyme could be the most physiologically important regulatory step in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (1). This process allows the cell to signal the relative availability of lipid and carbohydrate fuels in liver, heart, skeletal muscle, and pancreatic -cell (2). The mechanism of malonyl-Co ...
... this enzyme could be the most physiologically important regulatory step in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (1). This process allows the cell to signal the relative availability of lipid and carbohydrate fuels in liver, heart, skeletal muscle, and pancreatic -cell (2). The mechanism of malonyl-Co ...
Complete genome sequence of the prototype lactic acid bacterium
... ABI3730 [Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA] and Licor [LI-COR Biosciences]). Base calling was performed with the phred package (38), followed by assembly using the phrap package (http://www.phrap.org) in conjunction with the Staden package (86). The resulting draft assembly was then mapped on the ...
... ABI3730 [Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA] and Licor [LI-COR Biosciences]). Base calling was performed with the phred package (38), followed by assembly using the phrap package (http://www.phrap.org) in conjunction with the Staden package (86). The resulting draft assembly was then mapped on the ...
Glutamine metabolism and its effects on immune response
... of glutamine on relevant signaling pathways as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and heat shock protein and the influence of this amino acid on cell migration and adhesion molecules are highlighted. Some important immune response pathways modulated by glutami ...
... of glutamine on relevant signaling pathways as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and heat shock protein and the influence of this amino acid on cell migration and adhesion molecules are highlighted. Some important immune response pathways modulated by glutami ...
Mechanistic Studies of Two Selected Flavin
... corresponding imino acids, which are non-enzymatically hydrolyzed to α-keto acids and ammonia. The enzyme is strick dehrogenase and deoesnot react with molecular oxygen. Steady state kinetic studies wirh D-arginine and D-histidine as a substrate and PMS as the electron acceptor has been investigated ...
... corresponding imino acids, which are non-enzymatically hydrolyzed to α-keto acids and ammonia. The enzyme is strick dehrogenase and deoesnot react with molecular oxygen. Steady state kinetic studies wirh D-arginine and D-histidine as a substrate and PMS as the electron acceptor has been investigated ...
Full-Text PDF
... The simplest technique for analysis of ricin by mass spectrometry is to detect the intact ricin protein with an approximate molecular weight of 64 kDa. Thus, the detection of a signal with a mass close to 64 kDa could indicate the presence of ricin. This technique was first reported in 2000 using el ...
... The simplest technique for analysis of ricin by mass spectrometry is to detect the intact ricin protein with an approximate molecular weight of 64 kDa. Thus, the detection of a signal with a mass close to 64 kDa could indicate the presence of ricin. This technique was first reported in 2000 using el ...
The uptake, metabolism, transport and transfer of nitrogen in an
... glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase (GS/GOGAT) cycle has been found in ectomycorrhizal fungi (Martin, 1985; Vèzina et al., 1989; Chalot et al., 1994). Smith et al. (1985) also described the activity of the GS/GOGAT enzymes in AM fungi. Also in an AM fungus, Govindarajulu et al. (2005) found sup ...
... glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase (GS/GOGAT) cycle has been found in ectomycorrhizal fungi (Martin, 1985; Vèzina et al., 1989; Chalot et al., 1994). Smith et al. (1985) also described the activity of the GS/GOGAT enzymes in AM fungi. Also in an AM fungus, Govindarajulu et al. (2005) found sup ...
Identification and Cloning of a Cryptococcal Deacetylase That
... The supematants were concentrated by tangential filtration with 10,000-Dacutoff cassettes, dialyzed against water, and lyophilized (10, 11). B. dermatìtidis was reconstituted in sterile water, and thè yeast phase was grown on Sabouraud agar plates. Pive isolated colonies were inoculateci in 200 mi o ...
... The supematants were concentrated by tangential filtration with 10,000-Dacutoff cassettes, dialyzed against water, and lyophilized (10, 11). B. dermatìtidis was reconstituted in sterile water, and thè yeast phase was grown on Sabouraud agar plates. Pive isolated colonies were inoculateci in 200 mi o ...
Structure and Function of Thymosin β4
... digestion gave two peptides which lacked a free α-amino group. These two peptides were deduced to be a part of the N-terminus region. The tryptic digestion also produced a peptide which lacks a lysine residue and was therefore placed in the C-terminus region. The side chains were assigned their posi ...
... digestion gave two peptides which lacked a free α-amino group. These two peptides were deduced to be a part of the N-terminus region. The tryptic digestion also produced a peptide which lacks a lysine residue and was therefore placed in the C-terminus region. The side chains were assigned their posi ...
Fast evolutionary rates associated with functional loss in class I
... Regulation of nutrient transporters by nutrient availability is a well-known phenomenon in microorganisms, such as yeast [14] and bacteria [15]. The regulation of mammalian transporters by their substrates, however, is less understood [10]. Nevertheless, the effect of glucose on the transcriptional ...
... Regulation of nutrient transporters by nutrient availability is a well-known phenomenon in microorganisms, such as yeast [14] and bacteria [15]. The regulation of mammalian transporters by their substrates, however, is less understood [10]. Nevertheless, the effect of glucose on the transcriptional ...
Catalytic Mechanism and Regulation of Mammalian Adenylyl Cyclases
... channels, this protean second messenger can change cellular attributes as diverse as the membrane potential and the rate of cell division. The key step in regulating intracellular cAMP is modulation of adenylyl cyclase activity. Adenylyl cyclase, the enzyme that synthesizes cAMP, is subject to coinc ...
... channels, this protean second messenger can change cellular attributes as diverse as the membrane potential and the rate of cell division. The key step in regulating intracellular cAMP is modulation of adenylyl cyclase activity. Adenylyl cyclase, the enzyme that synthesizes cAMP, is subject to coinc ...
The Handbook of Redox Biochemistry- ESA, Inc.
... Facultative aerobes (Table 1.1) can survive in the presence or absence of oxygen. They obtain their energy either by oxidative phosphorylation or fermentation and do not require oxygen for synthesis. When oxygen is lacking this group of organisms can oxidize some organic compounds (which act as both ...
... Facultative aerobes (Table 1.1) can survive in the presence or absence of oxygen. They obtain their energy either by oxidative phosphorylation or fermentation and do not require oxygen for synthesis. When oxygen is lacking this group of organisms can oxidize some organic compounds (which act as both ...
Evidence for Several Cysteine Transport Mechanisms in the
... OAS-TL can interact with SAT to form the cysteine synthase complex (CSC) which regulates the activity of each enzyme in the cysteine biosynthetic pathway but does not facilitate substrate channeling (Droux et al. 1998, Wirtz and Hell 2007). It has been hypothesized that the presence of SAT and OAS-T ...
... OAS-TL can interact with SAT to form the cysteine synthase complex (CSC) which regulates the activity of each enzyme in the cysteine biosynthetic pathway but does not facilitate substrate channeling (Droux et al. 1998, Wirtz and Hell 2007). It has been hypothesized that the presence of SAT and OAS-T ...
A STUDY OF THE ROLES OF SELECTED ARGININE AND
... (coagulation) and clot dissolution (fibrinolysis) (Figure 1-1). If the balance shifts toward coagulation, thrombotic events such as heart attack or stroke may occur. On the other hand, if the balance shifts toward fibrinolysis, one may bleed excessively which may potentially be lethal. Therefore, a ...
... (coagulation) and clot dissolution (fibrinolysis) (Figure 1-1). If the balance shifts toward coagulation, thrombotic events such as heart attack or stroke may occur. On the other hand, if the balance shifts toward fibrinolysis, one may bleed excessively which may potentially be lethal. Therefore, a ...
9. Wakil, S. J., Green, DE, Mii, S., and Mahler, HR (1954) Studies on
... reactions, has been accepted and applied to all major pathways involving the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Many of Dr. Wakil’s contributions have been landmarks in the field. He demonstrated carbon dioxide’s stimulatory effect on fatty acid synthesis and that long ...
... reactions, has been accepted and applied to all major pathways involving the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Many of Dr. Wakil’s contributions have been landmarks in the field. He demonstrated carbon dioxide’s stimulatory effect on fatty acid synthesis and that long ...
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.