Prokaryotic features of a nucleus
... similar structure in all NAD-dependent dehydrogenases, and the catalytic domain, which is specific for GAPDH and which differs in different dehydrogenases [32]. In green plants the classic GAPDH of glycolysis has a photosynthetic counterpart, which is NADP-dependent and located inside the chloroplas ...
... similar structure in all NAD-dependent dehydrogenases, and the catalytic domain, which is specific for GAPDH and which differs in different dehydrogenases [32]. In green plants the classic GAPDH of glycolysis has a photosynthetic counterpart, which is NADP-dependent and located inside the chloroplas ...
Engineering of Aromatic Amino Acid Metabolism in
... this hurdle, immobilized enzyme systems have been developed (57). The cost of starting substrates is a very important additional limitation for the applicability of this method. Enzymatic synthesis of L-aspartic acid can be given as a good example for the enzymatic method. In the case of L-aspartic ...
... this hurdle, immobilized enzyme systems have been developed (57). The cost of starting substrates is a very important additional limitation for the applicability of this method. Enzymatic synthesis of L-aspartic acid can be given as a good example for the enzymatic method. In the case of L-aspartic ...
ribosomal defects in a mutant deficient in the yajl homolog of the
... The expression levels of mRNAs coding for respiratory dehydrogenases were determined by DNA array experiments (Figure 3A). Mutant/parental strain gene expression ratios were between 0.4 and 0.8 for nuoA-N, and were 0.75 for ndh and 1.3 for sdhABCD. By contrast, the yajL mutant overexpressed several ...
... The expression levels of mRNAs coding for respiratory dehydrogenases were determined by DNA array experiments (Figure 3A). Mutant/parental strain gene expression ratios were between 0.4 and 0.8 for nuoA-N, and were 0.75 for ndh and 1.3 for sdhABCD. By contrast, the yajL mutant overexpressed several ...
University of Groningen Stress responses and sugar metabolism in
... In addition to these phosphoproteins also low molecular weight molecules such as NADP, glucose‐6‐phosphate (G6P) and fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphate (FBP) can modulate either DNA‐ binding properties or the interaction with the transcriptional machinery of the CcpA‐(HPr‐ Ser ...
... In addition to these phosphoproteins also low molecular weight molecules such as NADP, glucose‐6‐phosphate (G6P) and fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphate (FBP) can modulate either DNA‐ binding properties or the interaction with the transcriptional machinery of the CcpA‐(HPr‐ Ser ...
Structure and Antioxidant Catalytic Function of Plant Glutathione Trans
... Proteins able to participate in unrelated biological processes have been grouped under the generic name of moonlighting proteins [27,28]. Work with different organisms has uncovered a great number of GST isoenzymes that are able to participate in unrelated biological processes. In addition to their ...
... Proteins able to participate in unrelated biological processes have been grouped under the generic name of moonlighting proteins [27,28]. Work with different organisms has uncovered a great number of GST isoenzymes that are able to participate in unrelated biological processes. In addition to their ...
bacteriocins - Podcast Producer
... barriers of the mucosal surface. However, the production of antimicrobial peptides is not confined to multicellular organisms. BACTERIOCINS are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides produced by one bacterium that are active against other bacteria, either in the same species (narrow spectrum ...
... barriers of the mucosal surface. However, the production of antimicrobial peptides is not confined to multicellular organisms. BACTERIOCINS are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides produced by one bacterium that are active against other bacteria, either in the same species (narrow spectrum ...
Isolation and Fractionation 2
... Although this technique separates mitochondria from lysosomes, both fractions tend to be contaminated by peroxisomes as judged by the distribution of catalase activity. Selective Modification of the Density of Lysosomes The size and density of these organelles can be selectively modified by 'indige ...
... Although this technique separates mitochondria from lysosomes, both fractions tend to be contaminated by peroxisomes as judged by the distribution of catalase activity. Selective Modification of the Density of Lysosomes The size and density of these organelles can be selectively modified by 'indige ...
Evidence for Evolution
... the page. Observe the forelimbs and hindlimbs to figure out the correct order. ...
... the page. Observe the forelimbs and hindlimbs to figure out the correct order. ...
Chapter 24: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature regulation
... Sodium and chloride help maintain normal osmolarity, water balance, and are essential in nerve and muscle function ...
... Sodium and chloride help maintain normal osmolarity, water balance, and are essential in nerve and muscle function ...
please refer to anzfa`s guide to applications and proposals for a
... necessary before this product may enter the Australian and New Zealand food supply. An amendment to the Code granting approval to food derived from soybean 356043 must be approved by the FSANZ Board, and subsequently notified to the Australia and New Zealand Food Regulation Ministerial Council (Mini ...
... necessary before this product may enter the Australian and New Zealand food supply. An amendment to the Code granting approval to food derived from soybean 356043 must be approved by the FSANZ Board, and subsequently notified to the Australia and New Zealand Food Regulation Ministerial Council (Mini ...
Relationship Between Biogenic Amines and Free Amino Acid
... as aroma compounds[1] or which have physiological significance, such as ethyl carbamate,[2–5] or which can even be related to wine authenticity.[6–8] Besides this, free amino acids are precursors of biogenic amines, other trace compounds important to human health existing in wines. These, which alth ...
... as aroma compounds[1] or which have physiological significance, such as ethyl carbamate,[2–5] or which can even be related to wine authenticity.[6–8] Besides this, free amino acids are precursors of biogenic amines, other trace compounds important to human health existing in wines. These, which alth ...
5-1 Necleotide Metabolism (purine)
... (the reutilization of bases from dietary or catabolic sources) ...
... (the reutilization of bases from dietary or catabolic sources) ...
Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme and the Changes
... hand, angiotensin II released from angiotensin I could participate in reabsorption at the level of the proximal tubules. For example, angiotensin II stimulates bicarbonate absorption by depressing intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate.42 Another function of ACE on brush border structures woul ...
... hand, angiotensin II released from angiotensin I could participate in reabsorption at the level of the proximal tubules. For example, angiotensin II stimulates bicarbonate absorption by depressing intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate.42 Another function of ACE on brush border structures woul ...
Trophic discrimination of nitrogen stable isotopes in
... recently, several controlled feeding experiments on upper trophic level consumers in marine environments showed definitively that TDFGlu-Phe values vary significantly, and are often substantially lower than 7.6& (Germain et al. 2013; Bradley et al. 2014; Hoen et al. 2014). While the TDFGlu-Phe value ...
... recently, several controlled feeding experiments on upper trophic level consumers in marine environments showed definitively that TDFGlu-Phe values vary significantly, and are often substantially lower than 7.6& (Germain et al. 2013; Bradley et al. 2014; Hoen et al. 2014). While the TDFGlu-Phe value ...
CBS domains: structure, function, and pathology in human proteins
... 2-3 sheets are at the other end of the structure (bottom). B: the molecular surface of the CBS pair was constructed using DS ViewerPro and was based on the atomic coordinates of the CBS pair from the bacterial IMPDH (PDB code 1ZFJ) (78). Electrostatic potential at the surface is depicted as blue f ...
... 2-3 sheets are at the other end of the structure (bottom). B: the molecular surface of the CBS pair was constructed using DS ViewerPro and was based on the atomic coordinates of the CBS pair from the bacterial IMPDH (PDB code 1ZFJ) (78). Electrostatic potential at the surface is depicted as blue f ...
Barley Aleurone Cells Contain Two Types of
... oleosomes are absent from the secondary vacuole tonoplast or are present at a much lower density than those in the protein storage vacuole tonoplast. Treatment of aleurone protoplasts with GA caused the protein storage vacuoles to coalesce and form a large vacuole that nearly filled the cell (Jacobs ...
... oleosomes are absent from the secondary vacuole tonoplast or are present at a much lower density than those in the protein storage vacuole tonoplast. Treatment of aleurone protoplasts with GA caused the protein storage vacuoles to coalesce and form a large vacuole that nearly filled the cell (Jacobs ...
Structure-based design of inhibitors of NS3 serine protease
... Asp:81 and Ser:139) is located between these two regions and is formed by a shallow solvent exposed pocket requiring many interaction points for binding of substrates or inhibitors [8–11]. Thus, the NS3 protease displays substrate specificity that requires relatively large peptides spanning the acti ...
... Asp:81 and Ser:139) is located between these two regions and is formed by a shallow solvent exposed pocket requiring many interaction points for binding of substrates or inhibitors [8–11]. Thus, the NS3 protease displays substrate specificity that requires relatively large peptides spanning the acti ...
Biochemical studies of enzymes in insect cuticle hardening
... This dissertation concerns the biochemical activities of several pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)dependent decarboxylases with most of them involved in insect cuticle hardening. Herein, we first present a detailed overview of topics in reactions and enzymes involved in insect cuticle hardening. Aspartate ...
... This dissertation concerns the biochemical activities of several pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)dependent decarboxylases with most of them involved in insect cuticle hardening. Herein, we first present a detailed overview of topics in reactions and enzymes involved in insect cuticle hardening. Aspartate ...
Glycogen Earth organisms use three major forms of - Rose
... reaction is driven physiologically by cleavage of pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate by pyrophosphatase. The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reaction acts as a priming step, and provides the energy required to form the glycoside bond in glycogen. Note that UTP is thus acting as a metabolic energy-co ...
... reaction is driven physiologically by cleavage of pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate by pyrophosphatase. The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reaction acts as a priming step, and provides the energy required to form the glycoside bond in glycogen. Note that UTP is thus acting as a metabolic energy-co ...
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.