Significance of Plankton Community Structure and Nutrient
... have the capacity to efficiently control blooms of their dinoflagellate hosts [10, 13–15]. However, parasite and host populations do not exist as isolated pairs, but rather as parts of multispecies systems. In fact, dinoflagellates could be simultaneously affected by other biotic interactions, such ...
... have the capacity to efficiently control blooms of their dinoflagellate hosts [10, 13–15]. However, parasite and host populations do not exist as isolated pairs, but rather as parts of multispecies systems. In fact, dinoflagellates could be simultaneously affected by other biotic interactions, such ...
Coexistence of two anemonefishes, Amphiprion clarkii and A
... Recruitment of juvenile A . clarkii was not random : they settled on hosts of any size but never did on hosts inhabited only by A . perideraion (Table 2) . Settlement on hosts with only A . clarkii was more frequent than that on hosts with both anemonefishes (Mann-Whitney U-test, Z = 4 .65, p = 0 .0 ...
... Recruitment of juvenile A . clarkii was not random : they settled on hosts of any size but never did on hosts inhabited only by A . perideraion (Table 2) . Settlement on hosts with only A . clarkii was more frequent than that on hosts with both anemonefishes (Mann-Whitney U-test, Z = 4 .65, p = 0 .0 ...
University of Groningen Plasticity in daily timing of behavior van der
... survives and reproduces (Hutchinson, 1957), “time” still struggles to make it into the list of critical niche orthogonal axes (Kronfeld-Schor and Dayan, 2003; 2008). Those of us studying how time shapes physiology and behavior take the inclusion of time in this multidimensional space for granted; af ...
... survives and reproduces (Hutchinson, 1957), “time” still struggles to make it into the list of critical niche orthogonal axes (Kronfeld-Schor and Dayan, 2003; 2008). Those of us studying how time shapes physiology and behavior take the inclusion of time in this multidimensional space for granted; af ...
Connections between species diversity and genetic diversity
... help achieve this goal, and to provide a basis for conceptual unification in biodiversity research. Here we review the hitherto loosely associated set of ideas pointing to connections between species diversity and genetic diversity, drawing on basic theory in ecology and evolution to provide a conce ...
... help achieve this goal, and to provide a basis for conceptual unification in biodiversity research. Here we review the hitherto loosely associated set of ideas pointing to connections between species diversity and genetic diversity, drawing on basic theory in ecology and evolution to provide a conce ...
Intra- and interspecific competition among helminth parasites
... in ways that are likely to increase their predation by birds (Lefebvre and Poulin, unpublished data; Hansen and Poulin, 2005). The second species using the amphipod as an intermediate host, Acanthocephalus galaxii, matures in fish. Although no study has tested the ability of this particular species t ...
... in ways that are likely to increase their predation by birds (Lefebvre and Poulin, unpublished data; Hansen and Poulin, 2005). The second species using the amphipod as an intermediate host, Acanthocephalus galaxii, matures in fish. Although no study has tested the ability of this particular species t ...
Spatial Dynamics in the Growth and Spread of Halimeda and
... for Halimeda tuna, and two each for Halimeda opuntia and Dictyota sp. The model morphological types that matched those measured in two inshore patch reefs (Cheeca Patch and Coral Gardens) and two offshore spur and groove reefs (Little Grecian and French Reef), were formed in conditions that were sim ...
... for Halimeda tuna, and two each for Halimeda opuntia and Dictyota sp. The model morphological types that matched those measured in two inshore patch reefs (Cheeca Patch and Coral Gardens) and two offshore spur and groove reefs (Little Grecian and French Reef), were formed in conditions that were sim ...
COMPETITION AND MORPHOLOGICAL SIMILARITY: THE CASE ... THE "SNAKE-LIKE" LIZARDS ANGUIS FRAGILIS (ANGUIDAE) AND
... in every study site), and other types of invertebrates were rarely observed in this species' stomachs; 7) Isopoda were a relatively important prey group for both A. fragilis and C. chalcides; 8) the relative proportion of occurrence of arthropod and non-arthropod prey was significantly different bet ...
... in every study site), and other types of invertebrates were rarely observed in this species' stomachs; 7) Isopoda were a relatively important prey group for both A. fragilis and C. chalcides; 8) the relative proportion of occurrence of arthropod and non-arthropod prey was significantly different bet ...
Biology of Mayflies - Ephemeroptera Galactica
... exact numberof instars has only been determined in a few species (24, 44, 57). Manyworkers have therefore distinguished developmental stages on the basis of morphological characters (77). Although these mayencompass several instars, they have proved useful in analyzing complex life cycle patterns (1 ...
... exact numberof instars has only been determined in a few species (24, 44, 57). Manyworkers have therefore distinguished developmental stages on the basis of morphological characters (77). Although these mayencompass several instars, they have proved useful in analyzing complex life cycle patterns (1 ...
effects of ration size and temperature on moult increment and
... rectangular plexiglas aquaria (40x40x20 cm), each containing 25 litres of dechlorinated tap water. Water-recirculation was maintained by a pump at 60 l·min-1 provided with a filter allowing catabolita filtering and water oxygenation. Submersed heaters (25W), controlled by a thermostat or coolers (Te ...
... rectangular plexiglas aquaria (40x40x20 cm), each containing 25 litres of dechlorinated tap water. Water-recirculation was maintained by a pump at 60 l·min-1 provided with a filter allowing catabolita filtering and water oxygenation. Submersed heaters (25W), controlled by a thermostat or coolers (Te ...
Moose and snowshoe hare competition and a
... approximately two hours/plot. In total, 118 plots were examined. The mean number of hare- and moose-browsed twigs per plant that possessed utilizable twigs (twigs within 2.8-m of the ground) at each study site were considered estimates of population density. Browsed twigs can be used as a population ...
... approximately two hours/plot. In total, 118 plots were examined. The mean number of hare- and moose-browsed twigs per plant that possessed utilizable twigs (twigs within 2.8-m of the ground) at each study site were considered estimates of population density. Browsed twigs can be used as a population ...
American Mink (Mustela vison) and its impact on native species in
... It has been recognised that introduced species can have a major negative impact on biodiversity; other than loss of habitat the introduction of exotic species is considered to be the second widest global threat to biodiversity (Long 2003; Gittleman et al. 2001). The British Isles have experienced a ...
... It has been recognised that introduced species can have a major negative impact on biodiversity; other than loss of habitat the introduction of exotic species is considered to be the second widest global threat to biodiversity (Long 2003; Gittleman et al. 2001). The British Isles have experienced a ...
Weed Ecology in Natural and Agricultural Systems
... fere with human land use; colonizers are successful at establishing following disturbance; and invaders are species introduced into their non-native habitat. There is substantial overlap among these terms. A plant may be considered as only one of these, or it may be included in all of these categori ...
... fere with human land use; colonizers are successful at establishing following disturbance; and invaders are species introduced into their non-native habitat. There is substantial overlap among these terms. A plant may be considered as only one of these, or it may be included in all of these categori ...
parasitism food web module
... Here, Ni is population density of species i. The first term in Eq. 1, r1N1, is the population growth of the basal species ...
... Here, Ni is population density of species i. The first term in Eq. 1, r1N1, is the population growth of the basal species ...
- Wiley Online Library
... movement and settlement rules, and invasion rates. Here, we use a simple, single species individual-based model that explicitly simulates animal dispersal to establish how density-dependent emigration and settlement rules interact with landscape characteristics to determine spread rates. We show tha ...
... movement and settlement rules, and invasion rates. Here, we use a simple, single species individual-based model that explicitly simulates animal dispersal to establish how density-dependent emigration and settlement rules interact with landscape characteristics to determine spread rates. We show tha ...
... events (creation of new genotypes; Ellstrand and Schierenbeck, 2000). The two latter evolutionary changes may have important effects on the potential of invaders’ range expansion by allowing rapid adaptation to a new environment. Alternatively, if few genotypes have been introduced, phenotypic plast ...
Eco07
... Coevolution is a type of community evolution. Coevolution is the joint evolution of two or more noninterbreeding species that have a close ecological relationship, such as plants and herbivores, large organisms and their microorganism symbionts, or parasites and their hosts. Through reciprocal s ...
... Coevolution is a type of community evolution. Coevolution is the joint evolution of two or more noninterbreeding species that have a close ecological relationship, such as plants and herbivores, large organisms and their microorganism symbionts, or parasites and their hosts. Through reciprocal s ...
Representations of the ecological niche
... conditions, in ecology called categories (from the ‘n-category theory’), to construct a hypervolume in multidimensional space (see §2.3). In ontology terminology, the ‘category’ is a combination of a quality/feature/property and its value(s), henceforth called condition to avoid misinterpretation. E ...
... conditions, in ecology called categories (from the ‘n-category theory’), to construct a hypervolume in multidimensional space (see §2.3). In ontology terminology, the ‘category’ is a combination of a quality/feature/property and its value(s), henceforth called condition to avoid misinterpretation. E ...
Density-dependent facilitation cascades determine
... Abstract. Co-occurring foundation species can determine biological community structure via facilitation cascades. We examined the density dependencies of facilitation cascades, including how the density of a basal foundation species influences the density of secondary foundation species, and how the ...
... Abstract. Co-occurring foundation species can determine biological community structure via facilitation cascades. We examined the density dependencies of facilitation cascades, including how the density of a basal foundation species influences the density of secondary foundation species, and how the ...
Facilitation of fisheries by natural predators
... consists of bones and organs that cannot be starved away, and reversible mass (y), including tissues such as fat, muscle and gonads, which can be starved away when maintenance costs exceed energy intake. We have used, for most analyses, a simplified model structure where both species feed only on zo ...
... consists of bones and organs that cannot be starved away, and reversible mass (y), including tissues such as fat, muscle and gonads, which can be starved away when maintenance costs exceed energy intake. We have used, for most analyses, a simplified model structure where both species feed only on zo ...
Ecology of the New Zealand Rocky Shore Community
... different species of filter feeding animals in large numbers on the rocky shore which extract the plankton from the water when submerged by the tide e.g. mussels, oysters, bryozoans, seasquirts, anemones and barnacles. Rock surfaces provide a relatively permanent, stable platform for animals and alg ...
... different species of filter feeding animals in large numbers on the rocky shore which extract the plankton from the water when submerged by the tide e.g. mussels, oysters, bryozoans, seasquirts, anemones and barnacles. Rock surfaces provide a relatively permanent, stable platform for animals and alg ...
7. Annex 2 – Review of Theoretical Community Ecology
... Knowing that the mean size of fish in the assemblage has decreased provides little or no information about changes in the biodiversity of the fish assemblage; neither does it help managers to set biodiversity objectives or identify appropriate measures to achieve these. In order to address questions ...
... Knowing that the mean size of fish in the assemblage has decreased provides little or no information about changes in the biodiversity of the fish assemblage; neither does it help managers to set biodiversity objectives or identify appropriate measures to achieve these. In order to address questions ...
aqueous nitrates and larval competition alter disease risk from two
... The results indicate very strong evidence of asymmetrical competition which greatly favored A. albopictus. C. pipiens females had a larger wing length (average of 1.78) than A. albopictus females (average of 1.54) regardless of treatment. A. albopictus females emerged in much larger numbers (n=200) ...
... The results indicate very strong evidence of asymmetrical competition which greatly favored A. albopictus. C. pipiens females had a larger wing length (average of 1.78) than A. albopictus females (average of 1.54) regardless of treatment. A. albopictus females emerged in much larger numbers (n=200) ...
Protecting aquatic organisms from chemicals
... in terrestrial and aquatic environments, respectively. Examples such as these raised awareness, and led to the development of ecotoxicology as a bonafide scientific discipline. Of course, gross pollution, particularly arising from disposal of untreated domestic and industrial wastes into rivers, had b ...
... in terrestrial and aquatic environments, respectively. Examples such as these raised awareness, and led to the development of ecotoxicology as a bonafide scientific discipline. Of course, gross pollution, particularly arising from disposal of untreated domestic and industrial wastes into rivers, had b ...