environmental science i
... The “edge effect” refers to those physical and biological changes that occur along the transition between two different ecosystems or habitats. The forest border adjacent to a clearcut, for example, represents a boundary between two very different environments that differ in minimum and maximum temp ...
... The “edge effect” refers to those physical and biological changes that occur along the transition between two different ecosystems or habitats. The forest border adjacent to a clearcut, for example, represents a boundary between two very different environments that differ in minimum and maximum temp ...
Severity of the Effects of Invasive Rats on Seabirds: A Global Review
... assigned effect sizes. Studies that merely stated that rats affected seabirds and provided no numeric calculation were given low weights, whereas numerically descriptive studies were given higher weights. For example, studies in which authors reported seabird extirpation were given an impact of 1 an ...
... assigned effect sizes. Studies that merely stated that rats affected seabirds and provided no numeric calculation were given low weights, whereas numerically descriptive studies were given higher weights. For example, studies in which authors reported seabird extirpation were given an impact of 1 an ...
Abstract book of the 12th European Ecological Federation
... robustness to random extinctions and maximize the number of coexisting species. Therefore, mutualistic networks can be viewed as the architecture of biodiversity. However, because pylogenetically similar species tend to play ...
... robustness to random extinctions and maximize the number of coexisting species. Therefore, mutualistic networks can be viewed as the architecture of biodiversity. However, because pylogenetically similar species tend to play ...
Effects of productivity, disturbance, and ecosystem size on food
... and the establishment probabilities within patches, depend only on species identity, but not on patch states, and moreover that all species share a common and quantitatively equivalent susceptibility to disturbance, irrespective of patch states. A more general model without these assumptions was pre ...
... and the establishment probabilities within patches, depend only on species identity, but not on patch states, and moreover that all species share a common and quantitatively equivalent susceptibility to disturbance, irrespective of patch states. A more general model without these assumptions was pre ...
recruitment and the local dynamics of open marine
... larval recruitment from elsewhere provides the only substantial input of new individuals. If recruitment fails, the local population will decline to extinction, regardless of local fecundity. Conversely, the local population will persist as long as recruitment continues, even if these adults produce ...
... larval recruitment from elsewhere provides the only substantial input of new individuals. If recruitment fails, the local population will decline to extinction, regardless of local fecundity. Conversely, the local population will persist as long as recruitment continues, even if these adults produce ...
Ecology and Evolution 5(1)
... Establishment of a new phenotype within a community requires that a population maintain a viable population size in the face of both abiotic conditions and interspecific interactions experienced within the community. We use the term “new phenotype” to refer to a population possessing a phenotype not ...
... Establishment of a new phenotype within a community requires that a population maintain a viable population size in the face of both abiotic conditions and interspecific interactions experienced within the community. We use the term “new phenotype” to refer to a population possessing a phenotype not ...
Natural Organic Chemicals on Development
... affecting Daphnia reproductive strategy in a lake, but more data (e.g., from European lakes for which there are long series of historical samples) is needed before we can conclude that the lower sex ratio in Daphnia is a general phenomenon. ...
... affecting Daphnia reproductive strategy in a lake, but more data (e.g., from European lakes for which there are long series of historical samples) is needed before we can conclude that the lower sex ratio in Daphnia is a general phenomenon. ...
Key - Scioly.org
... Graph of a J-shaped curve, exponential growth (1pt). Exact numbers not necessary, (-.5pt) if axes are not labeled ...
... Graph of a J-shaped curve, exponential growth (1pt). Exact numbers not necessary, (-.5pt) if axes are not labeled ...
practice populations test (with answers)
... 40. Population growth can be expressed in terms of initial population size (n), immigration (i), emigration (e), mortality (d), and natality (b). Using these variables, population growth = ____________________. 41. If the number of surviving organisms in an endangered population falls below the numb ...
... 40. Population growth can be expressed in terms of initial population size (n), immigration (i), emigration (e), mortality (d), and natality (b). Using these variables, population growth = ____________________. 41. If the number of surviving organisms in an endangered population falls below the numb ...
Problem Analysis: Effects of Invasive Species on Species at Risk in
... reviewed available information on invasive (native and alien) species in British Columbia and assessed their potential interactions with forest- and range-dependent Species at Risk to evaluate the relative importance of the interactions. In doing so, we also tracked some of the key knowledge gaps an ...
... reviewed available information on invasive (native and alien) species in British Columbia and assessed their potential interactions with forest- and range-dependent Species at Risk to evaluate the relative importance of the interactions. In doing so, we also tracked some of the key knowledge gaps an ...
Direct and indirect effects of nutrients on
... and without standing guano was compared, I minimized the probability of confounding factors such - differences in current, wave wash, and sunlight affecting the conclusions. The location of guano on a particular part of the cliff face was determined by small-scale topography that permitted suitable ...
... and without standing guano was compared, I minimized the probability of confounding factors such - differences in current, wave wash, and sunlight affecting the conclusions. The location of guano on a particular part of the cliff face was determined by small-scale topography that permitted suitable ...
aquatic and terrestrial habitat selection by - ETH E
... space use may facilitate their co-existence. The particular contribution of this study was our emphasis on behavior-based scale definitions. Behavior-based scale definitions facilitate the formulation of a priori hypotheses, thereby contributing to a better grounding of home-range studies in theory. ...
... space use may facilitate their co-existence. The particular contribution of this study was our emphasis on behavior-based scale definitions. Behavior-based scale definitions facilitate the formulation of a priori hypotheses, thereby contributing to a better grounding of home-range studies in theory. ...
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling
... mass balance and homeostasis of elemental composition are satisfied (Goldman and Dennett 1991; Sterner and Elser 2002). Because of these homeostatic stoichiometric constraints, inorganic elements can be either taken up (immobilized) or excreted (mineralized) by decomposers, depending on whether the ...
... mass balance and homeostasis of elemental composition are satisfied (Goldman and Dennett 1991; Sterner and Elser 2002). Because of these homeostatic stoichiometric constraints, inorganic elements can be either taken up (immobilized) or excreted (mineralized) by decomposers, depending on whether the ...
... 1.1 Invasive alien plants A great number of plant species have the ability to grow in conditions that are similar but also quite different from those in their native habitats. Consequently, many plants are currently in places where they never existed before. The term invasive species refers to non-i ...
7.0 TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT .........................................................
... terrestrial environmental components identified in the Guidelines (Section 6.3) form the basis for the assessment of the Project’s predicted effects and impacts on the environment. Where existing available terrestrial information did not exist or was insufficient, field studies were initiated to add ...
... terrestrial environmental components identified in the Guidelines (Section 6.3) form the basis for the assessment of the Project’s predicted effects and impacts on the environment. Where existing available terrestrial information did not exist or was insufficient, field studies were initiated to add ...
Srivastava and Bell 2009
... In this study, we examine how horizontal and vertical diversity interact in causing secondary extinctions and affecting ecosystem functions. We base our experiment on the aquatic food web within bromeliad plants (Fig. 1), consisting of a basal resource of detritus (passively captured by the bromelia ...
... In this study, we examine how horizontal and vertical diversity interact in causing secondary extinctions and affecting ecosystem functions. We base our experiment on the aquatic food web within bromeliad plants (Fig. 1), consisting of a basal resource of detritus (passively captured by the bromelia ...
What causes outbreaks of the gypsy moth in North America?
... calculating the PACF for a specific lag time unit. The PACF may be diagnostic of the process generating patterns of abundance (Royama 1992). Turchin (1990) and Berryman (1994) analyzed time series of the abundance of several forest insect species and found that PACFs of many of the series contained ...
... calculating the PACF for a specific lag time unit. The PACF may be diagnostic of the process generating patterns of abundance (Royama 1992). Turchin (1990) and Berryman (1994) analyzed time series of the abundance of several forest insect species and found that PACFs of many of the series contained ...
EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES OF PREDATION FOR
... Integration of disease epidemiology with community ecology has recently begun to attract the attention of the scientists. Complex interdependence exists between the hostpathogen interactions and community interactions [5]. For instance, rabbit calicivirus disease (RCD) was introduced in Australia as ...
... Integration of disease epidemiology with community ecology has recently begun to attract the attention of the scientists. Complex interdependence exists between the hostpathogen interactions and community interactions [5]. For instance, rabbit calicivirus disease (RCD) was introduced in Australia as ...
A gentle depilation of the niche: Dicean
... Elton ... they both refer to the essential elements of the environment utilized by the animal.” I do not agree with that conclusion. I here treat the two men together only because they apparently developed their concepts independently (Hutchinson 1978) and introduced them into the ecological literat ...
... Elton ... they both refer to the essential elements of the environment utilized by the animal.” I do not agree with that conclusion. I here treat the two men together only because they apparently developed their concepts independently (Hutchinson 1978) and introduced them into the ecological literat ...
Canopy facilitates seaweed recruitment on subtidal temperate reefs
... ecosystems, where abiotic gradients are perceived to be benign. However, seemingly subtle changes in marine environmental conditions can alter community structure across vast areas, and therefore, the type of interactions and any refuge provided by marine foundation species. This could have substant ...
... ecosystems, where abiotic gradients are perceived to be benign. However, seemingly subtle changes in marine environmental conditions can alter community structure across vast areas, and therefore, the type of interactions and any refuge provided by marine foundation species. This could have substant ...
Litter feedbacks, evolutionary change and exotic plant invasion Maarten B. Eppinga
... based on Lambert–Beer’s law for light absorption. In the case of vegetation and litter, absorption efficiency depends on two properties: the height:mass ratio of the vegetation or litter layer and its shoot density (see Appendix S2). To enable analytical treatment, the Lambert–Beer equation can be ap ...
... based on Lambert–Beer’s law for light absorption. In the case of vegetation and litter, absorption efficiency depends on two properties: the height:mass ratio of the vegetation or litter layer and its shoot density (see Appendix S2). To enable analytical treatment, the Lambert–Beer equation can be ap ...
do similar communities develop in similar sites? a test
... sites due to historical factors (colonization, disturbance, etc.). We asked ‘‘Do similar zooplankton communities develop in similar ponds?’’ We compared zooplankton community structure and function in 12 newly constructed experimental ponds during 1 yr of natural colonization and analyzed a suite of ...
... sites due to historical factors (colonization, disturbance, etc.). We asked ‘‘Do similar zooplankton communities develop in similar ponds?’’ We compared zooplankton community structure and function in 12 newly constructed experimental ponds during 1 yr of natural colonization and analyzed a suite of ...
