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... will cause repulsive vdw forces (High energy regions of Ramachandran plot) (3 pts) The conformation is further restricted by geometries that allow mainchain hydrogen bonds. Only certain pairs of phi and psi angles position donors and acceptors in the right position for hydrogen bond formation. (3 pt ...
Deconstructing the Genome: DNA at High Resolution
Deconstructing the Genome: DNA at High Resolution

... bloodstream, but the amount of oxygen in the maternal circulation is less than that found in the air that enters our lungs after birth. Both embryonic and fetal hemoglobin evolved to bind oxygen more tightly than adult hemoglobin would at the lower levels of oxygen found in the embryonic and fetal e ...
Corning® Epoxide Coated Slides Instruction Manual
Corning® Epoxide Coated Slides Instruction Manual

... Customers are encouraged to try their own phosphatebuffered spotting media in order to determine which medium produces the best results. Sodium phosphate at a concentration of 150 mM, pH 8.5, has been used very successfully on the Corning Epoxide Coated Slides. Solutions containing DMSO do not work ...
Preview - International Institute of Naturopathy
Preview - International Institute of Naturopathy

... Animal fats contain primarily saturated fatty acids (with the exception of seafood, which contains saturated fatty acids as well as an equally large number of polyunsaturated fatty acids), whereas vegetable fats consist largely of unsaturated fatty acids (with the exception of coconut and palm oil, ...
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... DHF THF N10-formyl-THF ...
CHAPTER 1 SAMPLE TEST
CHAPTER 1 SAMPLE TEST

... In the reaction, which substance undergoes reduction? a. the hydrogen ions (protons) d. the NADP+ b. the NADPH e. the water molecules c. the oxygen that is released DNA is an example of a. carbohydrate d. protein b. lipid e. ammonia c. nucleic acid Of the following characteristics, which one is not ...
Amino acids
Amino acids

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Characterizing a Lambda Red Recombinase Induced Presumptive
Characterizing a Lambda Red Recombinase Induced Presumptive

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The Role of the C-terminal Tail of the Ribosomal Protein S13 in Pr
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Practice Problems on Amino Acids and Peptides

Adaptive value of sex in microbial pathogens
Adaptive value of sex in microbial pathogens

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Protegrins: leukocyte antimicrobial peptides that combine features of

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... dogma of molecular biology (Figure I-1-1). Genetic information is stored in the base sequence of DNA molecules. Ultimately, during the process of gene expression, this information is used to synthesize all the proteins made by an organism. Classically, a gene is a unit of the DNA that encodes a part ...
Genome segment 5 of Antheraea mylitta cytoplasmic polyhedrosis
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UNIT 2.  Structure and function of proteins.
UNIT 2. Structure and function of proteins.

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Amino Acids and Proteins
Amino Acids and Proteins

Phenotypic Stability of trp Operon Recombinant
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Uric Acid and Kidney Stones
Uric Acid and Kidney Stones

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Application of Bruchin B to pea pods results in
Application of Bruchin B to pea pods results in

... (Applied Biosystems, Inc) to distinguish the target amplicon from non-specific PCR products. For the initial runs, the real-time RT-PCR products were also analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis to verify that a single amplicon of the appropriate size had been produced. Estimations of relative chang ...
Cell Differentiation during Sexual Development of the Fungus
Cell Differentiation during Sexual Development of the Fungus

... assembly (3). car1 mutants show an impaired caryogamy leading to a sterile phenotype. From these data the link between intact peroxisomes and fruiting body maturation becomes evident. It has been demonstrated for a number of ascomycetes that several genes control not only sexual development but also ...
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Notes - local.brookings.k12.sd.us

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DNA -‐ Compsci 201
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2.3. Three-Dimensional structure and function of proteins.

... Resins containing negatively charged groups interact with positive charge molecules, which elute from the resins by changing the pH buffer or the salt ion. Thin layer chromatography: amino acids absorbed on a thin layer of silica gel are separated thanks to the solvent migration (buthanol: water: ac ...
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Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
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