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̚Ꮈ̂ጯ Ⴧ̀঱٢Ϡ  ྏྏᗟ
̚Ꮈ̂ጯ Ⴧ̀঱٢Ϡ ྏྏᗟ

... 29. Which of the following statements about protein synthesis is correct? (A) Protein synthesis stops at the amino end. (B) Transcription of mRNAs and translation into proteins are uncoupled in most eukaryotic systems. (C) Protein synthesis proceeds in the 3’ to 5’ direction of the mRNA. (D) Amino a ...
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... Optimizing the annealing temperature is crucial, especially in case of multiplex PCR, as a too low temperature might result in nonspecific amplification whereas a too high temperature results in no amplification. The melting temperature (Tm) is defined as the temperature in which 50% of the primer a ...
Molecular Evolution of Functional Nucleic Acids
Molecular Evolution of Functional Nucleic Acids

... Nucleic acid aptamers have attracted keen interest, especially for their potential medical uses. For applications in the medical field, improvement of nuclease resistance, i.e., biostability in serum or cells as well as affinity to target molecules, became an important issue. An effective solution i ...
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LUCA - University of Washington
LUCA - University of Washington

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You Light Up My Life

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ppt - eweb.furman.edu

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Isolating Hereditary Material: Frederick Griffith

... decided to use their expertise to identify the specific molecules that could transform a Figure Detail nonencapsulated bacterium into an encapsulated form. In a significant departure from Griffith's procedure, however, Avery's team employed a method for transforming bacteria in cultures rather than ...
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... program compares nucleotide (or protein) sequences to sequence databases and calculates the statistical significance of matches. The results of the search identifies genes that are found in organisms (e.g. human, mouse or bacterial), that are most closely matched to your sequence. It will give us a ...
Chapter 6 and 9 - Wando High School
Chapter 6 and 9 - Wando High School

... 12. Describe what happens during Interphase. Draw how a cell may appear during this phase. DNA is replicated Chromosomes are not yet visible Proteins and RNA are synthesized Cell is preparing for Meiosis 13. Is there an Interphase between Meiosis I and Meiosis II? No 14. Describe crossing over and w ...
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Paternity Testing... - Regional Pathology Services

Name: Correctly complete the following statements with a term that
Name: Correctly complete the following statements with a term that

... 30. A hydrophobic amino acid R group would be found where in a protein? (a) forming a peptide bond with the next amino acid in the chain (b) on the outside of the folded chain, in the water (c) on the inside of the folded chain, away from water (d) forming hydrogen bonds with other R groups (e) only ...
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LECTURE #6: Translation and Mutations

... and may not have a large effect in the protein or its function IF this change cause the protein to not function (and be LETHAL to organism) then it is not a neutral mutation but rather a ...
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Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
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