Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
... is an equal mixture of H3NOCH2OCOOH and H3NOCH2OCOO, the average or net charge on the population of glycine molecules is 0.5 (see the discussion on pp. 80–81). You can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to calculate the exact ratio of charged and uncharged species at equilibrium at various pH ...
... is an equal mixture of H3NOCH2OCOOH and H3NOCH2OCOO, the average or net charge on the population of glycine molecules is 0.5 (see the discussion on pp. 80–81). You can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to calculate the exact ratio of charged and uncharged species at equilibrium at various pH ...
Compilation of tRNA sequences and sequences of
... The table contains the known tRNA sequences of all organisms including organelles. This is the continuation of the original tRNA compilation first published in 1978. (iii) Compilation of tRNA Genes, is a summary of the sequences of tRNA genes published in the literature and databases up to the end o ...
... The table contains the known tRNA sequences of all organisms including organelles. This is the continuation of the original tRNA compilation first published in 1978. (iii) Compilation of tRNA Genes, is a summary of the sequences of tRNA genes published in the literature and databases up to the end o ...
RecA maintains the integrity of chloroplast DNA molecules in
... Fig. 2. The effect of a T-DNA insertion in cpRecA on cpDNA amount and structure. (A) PFGE of cpDNA obtained from an equal volume of pelleted chloroplasts from wt and cprecA mutant plants after staining with ethidium bromide. (B) Blot hybridization of the gel in (A) with a petA probe. Immature, entir ...
... Fig. 2. The effect of a T-DNA insertion in cpRecA on cpDNA amount and structure. (A) PFGE of cpDNA obtained from an equal volume of pelleted chloroplasts from wt and cprecA mutant plants after staining with ethidium bromide. (B) Blot hybridization of the gel in (A) with a petA probe. Immature, entir ...
NTPase/helicase of Flaviviridae: inhibitors and inhibition of the
... et al., 1996) have shown that removal of the NH2-terminal 148 amino acids enhanced the NTPase activity of JEV NTPase/helicase. On the other hand, a comparative study with recombinant full-length NS3 and its isolated NH2- and COOH-terminal domains, performed by Gallinari et al. (1998), did not reveal ...
... et al., 1996) have shown that removal of the NH2-terminal 148 amino acids enhanced the NTPase activity of JEV NTPase/helicase. On the other hand, a comparative study with recombinant full-length NS3 and its isolated NH2- and COOH-terminal domains, performed by Gallinari et al. (1998), did not reveal ...
Specialized Transduction
... (8). According to this model, incorporation of host genes into a virus chromosome is the result of two successive recombinations. The first inserts a circular form of the virus chromosome into the host chromosome to form a prophage. The second excises a segment of the prophage together with an adjac ...
... (8). According to this model, incorporation of host genes into a virus chromosome is the result of two successive recombinations. The first inserts a circular form of the virus chromosome into the host chromosome to form a prophage. The second excises a segment of the prophage together with an adjac ...
Complete
... as Brownian ratchets, structures that permit Brownian motion in only one direction [1–7]. When particles flow through such an array driven by an electric field (Fig. 2.1A), particles diffusing to the left (path 1; Fig. 2.1A) are blocked and deflected back to gap B, whereas those diffusing to the rig ...
... as Brownian ratchets, structures that permit Brownian motion in only one direction [1–7]. When particles flow through such an array driven by an electric field (Fig. 2.1A), particles diffusing to the left (path 1; Fig. 2.1A) are blocked and deflected back to gap B, whereas those diffusing to the rig ...
9. Shikimates and Phenyl propanoids
... c. Biological activity of flavonoids. A number of flavonoids have been shown to protect cells against oxidative attack. This is thought to explain its anti-inflammatory and cancerprotective properties. In addition, flavonoids have been shown to strengthen blood capillaries, and have found use in pro ...
... c. Biological activity of flavonoids. A number of flavonoids have been shown to protect cells against oxidative attack. This is thought to explain its anti-inflammatory and cancerprotective properties. In addition, flavonoids have been shown to strengthen blood capillaries, and have found use in pro ...
Acid-Base
... A comparison of the theories Arrhenius, Brønsted and Lewis shows a progressive generalization of the acid base concept. Outline the essential ideas in each of these theories and select three reactions, one that can be interpreted by all three theories, one that can be interpreted by two of them, and ...
... A comparison of the theories Arrhenius, Brønsted and Lewis shows a progressive generalization of the acid base concept. Outline the essential ideas in each of these theories and select three reactions, one that can be interpreted by all three theories, one that can be interpreted by two of them, and ...
File
... Under conditions of starvation, enzyme levels rise as proteins are degraded and amino acid carbon skeletons are used to provide energy, thus increasing the quantity of nitrogen that must be excreted. Short-term regulation of the cycle occurs principally at CPS-I, which is inactive in the absence of ...
... Under conditions of starvation, enzyme levels rise as proteins are degraded and amino acid carbon skeletons are used to provide energy, thus increasing the quantity of nitrogen that must be excreted. Short-term regulation of the cycle occurs principally at CPS-I, which is inactive in the absence of ...
RTS™ pIVEX E. coli His-tag 2nd Generation Vector Set Manual
... containing the appropriate restriction sites is prepared, cloning into different pIVEX vectors can be done easily in parallel or successively. To minimize problems, biotechrabbit recommends selecting the cloning strategy strictly according to Table 1. For cloning strategies allowing the minimization ...
... containing the appropriate restriction sites is prepared, cloning into different pIVEX vectors can be done easily in parallel or successively. To minimize problems, biotechrabbit recommends selecting the cloning strategy strictly according to Table 1. For cloning strategies allowing the minimization ...
Vitis 36 (1), 43-47 (1997) Effects of maceration on the - Vitis-vea
... which shows the same concentration in wines from nonmacerated musts and those from a 6-h-macerated must. Proline which slightly decreased with longer maceration times is the main amino acid in musts and wines from Chardonnay. It behaves unusually and is clearly different from the other amino acids. ...
... which shows the same concentration in wines from nonmacerated musts and those from a 6-h-macerated must. Proline which slightly decreased with longer maceration times is the main amino acid in musts and wines from Chardonnay. It behaves unusually and is clearly different from the other amino acids. ...
Lampbrush Chromosomes of the Chicken
... more variable from animal to animal and even among similar sized oocytes from the same animal relative to the newt. The spread chromosome preparations were examined "live" with an inverted microscope and phase-contrast optics or, more routinely, as dry preparations before in situ hybridization or as ...
... more variable from animal to animal and even among similar sized oocytes from the same animal relative to the newt. The spread chromosome preparations were examined "live" with an inverted microscope and phase-contrast optics or, more routinely, as dry preparations before in situ hybridization or as ...
PLP-dependent Enzymes: a Powerful Tool for - Beilstein
... On the basis of the available structural information, it is generally accepted that PLPdependent enzymes originated very early in the evolution (before the three biological kingdoms diverged, some 1500 million years ago) from different protein ancestors, which generated at least five independent fam ...
... On the basis of the available structural information, it is generally accepted that PLPdependent enzymes originated very early in the evolution (before the three biological kingdoms diverged, some 1500 million years ago) from different protein ancestors, which generated at least five independent fam ...
3. BIOMOLECULES I. CARBOHYDRATES
... 3. 11. 3. The formation of ketone bodies (ketogenesis) .......................................................... 4. 11. 4. Glyoxylic acid cycle (Kornberg Krebs cycle) ........................................................... 12. 12. THE METABOLIC PROCESSES III. PROTEIN METABOLISM ................ ...
... 3. 11. 3. The formation of ketone bodies (ketogenesis) .......................................................... 4. 11. 4. Glyoxylic acid cycle (Kornberg Krebs cycle) ........................................................... 12. 12. THE METABOLIC PROCESSES III. PROTEIN METABOLISM ................ ...
(18 , 19)
... The bile acids cannot get out of the liver unless they are conjugated with glycine or taurine, so, the only way to get out of the liver is in the form of bile salts. Bile salts are more affective detergents than bile acids. There are no bile acids in the bile, only bile salts. Bile salts are importa ...
... The bile acids cannot get out of the liver unless they are conjugated with glycine or taurine, so, the only way to get out of the liver is in the form of bile salts. Bile salts are more affective detergents than bile acids. There are no bile acids in the bile, only bile salts. Bile salts are importa ...
Inglés
... The batch kinetics of the mutant strain L. rhamnosus NN5 was studied in a bioreactor operating at similar conditions that used in batch culture with wild type strain. Minor differences in the growth profiles of the mutant strain and that of the wild type were found. The specific growth rate had decr ...
... The batch kinetics of the mutant strain L. rhamnosus NN5 was studied in a bioreactor operating at similar conditions that used in batch culture with wild type strain. Minor differences in the growth profiles of the mutant strain and that of the wild type were found. The specific growth rate had decr ...
liver bile salts - Stanford Medicine
... Cholesterol secretion is influenced to an extent by phospholipid ...
... Cholesterol secretion is influenced to an extent by phospholipid ...
Molecular diversity of thermophilic bacteria isolated from Pasinler
... the Geobacillus. These results showed that FAMEs analysis is an appropriate phenotypic method for the discrimination of Bacillus and Geobacillus strains at genus level, but not at species level. As a result, it can be concluded that FAME profiling may be useful for the characterization of Bacillus a ...
... the Geobacillus. These results showed that FAMEs analysis is an appropriate phenotypic method for the discrimination of Bacillus and Geobacillus strains at genus level, but not at species level. As a result, it can be concluded that FAME profiling may be useful for the characterization of Bacillus a ...
Mitochondrial DNA and aging
... THEORY OF AGING Despite the fact that in animal cells mtDNA comprises only 1–3 % of genetic material, several lines of evidence suggest that its contribution to cellular physiology could be much greater than would be expected from its size alone. For instance, (i) it mutates at higher rates than nuc ...
... THEORY OF AGING Despite the fact that in animal cells mtDNA comprises only 1–3 % of genetic material, several lines of evidence suggest that its contribution to cellular physiology could be much greater than would be expected from its size alone. For instance, (i) it mutates at higher rates than nuc ...
Defelipe, L.A, Dolghih E, Roitberg A.E., Nouzova M., Mayoral
... (Fig. 2B). The interaction of AeJHAMT with SAM was very similar to other SAMT-SAM complexes reported in the literature (Zubieta et al., 2003). Asp-69 formed hydrogen bonds with two ribose hydroxyls of SAM, while Asp-41 was able to form a hydrogen bond through a water molecule with the NHþ 3 moiety o ...
... (Fig. 2B). The interaction of AeJHAMT with SAM was very similar to other SAMT-SAM complexes reported in the literature (Zubieta et al., 2003). Asp-69 formed hydrogen bonds with two ribose hydroxyls of SAM, while Asp-41 was able to form a hydrogen bond through a water molecule with the NHþ 3 moiety o ...
(pdf)
... aspartic acid in their proteins to undergo significant racemization (Bada, 1982). Given that the variation in the aspartic acid racemization rate as a function of temperature is well known, the determination of the D/L-aspartic acid ratio of the amino acids from intact cells therefore should provide ...
... aspartic acid in their proteins to undergo significant racemization (Bada, 1982). Given that the variation in the aspartic acid racemization rate as a function of temperature is well known, the determination of the D/L-aspartic acid ratio of the amino acids from intact cells therefore should provide ...
Isolation of insertion elements from Gram
... this study are Gram-positive soil bacteria with a GC content of more than 51 mol% [5,6]. Several corynebacteria and brevibacteria are of great industrial importance. They are mainly used for the fermentative production of amino acids like L-glutamic acid, L-lysine, or L-aspartate [7]. Mobile genetic ...
... this study are Gram-positive soil bacteria with a GC content of more than 51 mol% [5,6]. Several corynebacteria and brevibacteria are of great industrial importance. They are mainly used for the fermentative production of amino acids like L-glutamic acid, L-lysine, or L-aspartate [7]. Mobile genetic ...
Nucleic acid analogue
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.