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PowerPoint file
PowerPoint file

... processing algorithms and methods are used to study functional structures in the DNA. An appropriate mapping of the DNA sequence into one or more numerical sequences, enables the use of many digital signal processing tools. DNA Segment ...
Lecture Note 1
Lecture Note 1

... chains assemble together through non-covalent interactions to form what is called a quaternary structure (Figure 1.3D). Nucleotides and nucleic acids A nucleotide is composed of a pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and one or more phosphate groups (Figure 1.4A). The pentose sugar can either be ribos ...
BTCH Reg Course Rev Sem2
BTCH Reg Course Rev Sem2

... What constitutes DNA technology? What is recombinant DNA and how is it constructed? Required Topic: Bacterial Transformation with Recombinant DNA What is gel electrophoresis and how is it used? Suggested Topic: Gel Electrophoresis Practice What is forensic medicine? How is DNA typing performed? Is t ...
Ch - Paint Valley Local Schools
Ch - Paint Valley Local Schools

... phospholipid, fatty acid, nucleotide, DNA, and RNA. (Ch. 2 and 3 Triple Entry Vocabulary) Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for Chlorine. Draw a Bohr model showing the proper placement and number of protons, neutrons, and electrons. (See journal and ...
Lipids MCAS Practice Name: Date: 1. All living things contain which
Lipids MCAS Practice Name: Date: 1. All living things contain which

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ppt
ppt

... mRNA templates (translation) • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sites of protein synthesis on ribosomes • Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) adaptor molecules that align charged amino acids on mRNA template Triplet code 3 nucleotides specify 1 amino acid; degenerate code ...
THE DNA OF CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS HE small
THE DNA OF CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS HE small

... D N A extraction. The nematodes are frozen in liquid nitrogen and then ground to powder which is gently stirred into 20 volumes of a solution containing 0.1 M NaCl, 0.1 M EDTA, 0.05 M Tris-HC1 (pH 8.0), 1% SDS and 200 pg/ml of protease (Sigma Type VI). An overnight incubation at 37" is followed by p ...
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power pack 5 dna replication

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The Complete Forensic DNA Database Solution
The Complete Forensic DNA Database Solution

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Lec. 25 - Translation 3

... have peptidyl transferase (PT) activity. Drugs (e.g., Chloramphenicol) that inhibit PT bind to the 23S rRNA, in the PT loop of Domain V. Mutations that provide resistance to the drugs that inhibit PT map to the same loop. Nearly all (99%) of the protein can be stripped from the 50S subunit, and stil ...
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66Biotechnology2008

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Geoff Barton`s Protein Structure: A quick reminder
Geoff Barton`s Protein Structure: A quick reminder

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Biotechnology - Explore Biology
Biotechnology - Explore Biology

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Title Page, Table of Contents and Background

... acids in the correct order to the growing protein. The language of DNA is based on groups of 3 Figure 6. Transcription of an mRNA complementary to the template strand by RNA polymerase. The resulting mRNA has the same sequence as the coding strand of DNA, but is composed of ribonucleotides and uraci ...
DNA Replication
DNA Replication

... The DNA in chromosomes contains genetic instructions that regulate development, growth, and the metabolic activities of cells. The DNA instructions determine whether a cell will be that of a pea plant, a human, or some other organism, as well as establish specific characteristics of the cell in that ...
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Chapter 6 notes - s3.amazonaws.com

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... 1. Enzyme found in retroviruses that produce DNA from an RNA template. Answer: e 2. Enzyme used during replication to attach Okazaki fragments to each other. Answer: a 3. Our bacteria that produced biolumescent proteins. Answer: f ...
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Structure and function of the divisome in E. coli – the factory of cell

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... 4. DNA Sequencing: The final step in genetic engineering is to sequence a piece of DNA, or to read the sequence of bases. Only one strand of DNA double helix is used in this process. However, many copies of this strand is needed. Multiple copies of DNA strands can be produced by the process of DNA c ...
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Plasmids - winterk

... Composed of dna or rna, single or double stranded, linear or circular Exist and replicate independently of the chromosome in which they are found Not required by their host cell for survival Subgrouped into 5 main types based on their function R plasmids: carry genes encoding resistance to antibioti ...
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... means RNA that is not degraded and is free from DNA contamination. The Stratagene kit uses a spin column packed with a silica-based matrix that specifically binds RNA in the presence of the chaotropic salt guanidine thiocyanate. "Chaotropic" means chaos-forming, a term which in biochemistry, usually ...
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第一次课件第八章

... DNA-binding domain is to bring the activation domain into the vicinity of the startpoint. And activation is independent of the means of tethering. we can think of DNA-binding (or RNA-binding in the case of tat) domain as providing a "tethering" function, whose main purpose is to ensure that the act ...
Table of Contents - The American Biology Teacher
Table of Contents - The American Biology Teacher

MyTaq™ HS DNA Polymerase
MyTaq™ HS DNA Polymerase

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Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life

< 1 ... 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 ... 1036 >

Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
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