In biology/ecology, parasitism is a non
... and invade another colony without a queen. An extreme example of social parasitism is the ant species of Tetramorium inquilinum of the Alps, which spend their whole lives on the back of Tetramorium host ants. With tiny and deprecated bodies they have evolved for one single task: holding on to their ...
... and invade another colony without a queen. An extreme example of social parasitism is the ant species of Tetramorium inquilinum of the Alps, which spend their whole lives on the back of Tetramorium host ants. With tiny and deprecated bodies they have evolved for one single task: holding on to their ...
Evolution of hematophagous habit in Triatominae
... These characteristics of the mouthparts have been lost in a secondary fashion in the triatomines and in some members of the Harpactorinae subfamily, in which we find a longer and more flexible labium. As in other families, all the reduvids are able to stridulate, rubbing the peak of the rostrum in a ...
... These characteristics of the mouthparts have been lost in a secondary fashion in the triatomines and in some members of the Harpactorinae subfamily, in which we find a longer and more flexible labium. As in other families, all the reduvids are able to stridulate, rubbing the peak of the rostrum in a ...
ingram et al 2012 evolution - Zoology, UBC
... marine populations representing the heavily armored ancestral form (Walker and Bell 2000). The marine population from Little Campbell River is represented by two samples, one collected from the wild and the other raised in freshwater ponds at the University of British Columbia. Almost all population ...
... marine populations representing the heavily armored ancestral form (Walker and Bell 2000). The marine population from Little Campbell River is represented by two samples, one collected from the wild and the other raised in freshwater ponds at the University of British Columbia. Almost all population ...
The contributions of livestock species and breeds to
... Rapidly rising demand for livestock products in many parts of the developing world, emerging animal diseases, climate change and global targets, such as the Sustainable Development Goals, all need to be addressed. Many breeds have unique characteristics or combinations of characteristics – disease r ...
... Rapidly rising demand for livestock products in many parts of the developing world, emerging animal diseases, climate change and global targets, such as the Sustainable Development Goals, all need to be addressed. Many breeds have unique characteristics or combinations of characteristics – disease r ...
Full-Text PDF
... Scandinavia would be classified either as “populated rainfed cropland” or as “populated forest”. Southern Scandinavia belongs to the nemoral (deciduous forest) zone in the south and the Cultural landscapes in northern Scandinavia, for example transhumance systems with summer transitional boreo-nemor ...
... Scandinavia would be classified either as “populated rainfed cropland” or as “populated forest”. Southern Scandinavia belongs to the nemoral (deciduous forest) zone in the south and the Cultural landscapes in northern Scandinavia, for example transhumance systems with summer transitional boreo-nemor ...
Final Report - Rufford Small Grants
... shown to be significant. The total economic value of mangroves must be calculated in order to provide decision-makers with the real cost of converting mangroves to other apparently more profitable uses. In particular, long-term ecological benefits and off-site values should be included in valuations ...
... shown to be significant. The total economic value of mangroves must be calculated in order to provide decision-makers with the real cost of converting mangroves to other apparently more profitable uses. In particular, long-term ecological benefits and off-site values should be included in valuations ...
Final Report - The Rufford Foundation
... by the habitats of the three troops during the different time periods that observations were made. Observations on the Middle-altitude Troop were made during a different season than those of the Village Troop and the High-altitude Troop. Time spent moving was comparable across all three troops (10-2 ...
... by the habitats of the three troops during the different time periods that observations were made. Observations on the Middle-altitude Troop were made during a different season than those of the Village Troop and the High-altitude Troop. Time spent moving was comparable across all three troops (10-2 ...
PARTITIONING OF TIME AS AN ECOLOGICAL RESOURCE Noga
... Temporal Partitioning Between Predators and Prey Activity patterns of predators and their prey affect the level of predation risk. It has been suggested that, at the macroevolutionary scale, predator activity patterns track those of their prey. For example, around the Jurassic, insects evolved a wax ...
... Temporal Partitioning Between Predators and Prey Activity patterns of predators and their prey affect the level of predation risk. It has been suggested that, at the macroevolutionary scale, predator activity patterns track those of their prey. For example, around the Jurassic, insects evolved a wax ...
Spatial Ecology of Wolverines in Scandinavia
... to be addressed in realising a sustainable management of large carnivores will be minimising the existing conflicts with human activities in the natural environment. Conservation and management of the wolverine can only become successful when sufficient emphasis is put on understanding the effects o ...
... to be addressed in realising a sustainable management of large carnivores will be minimising the existing conflicts with human activities in the natural environment. Conservation and management of the wolverine can only become successful when sufficient emphasis is put on understanding the effects o ...
Natural Disasters and Primate Populations: The Effects of a 2
... such as adult and infant mortality rates, birth rates, life spans, migration patterns, home range stability, and population variability over several years (Dunbar, 1980, 1986; Glander, 1980; Isbell, 1990; Richard et al., 1991; Sussman, 1991; Strier, 1993; Wright, 1995; Fedigan and Rose, 1995; Jolly ...
... such as adult and infant mortality rates, birth rates, life spans, migration patterns, home range stability, and population variability over several years (Dunbar, 1980, 1986; Glander, 1980; Isbell, 1990; Richard et al., 1991; Sussman, 1991; Strier, 1993; Wright, 1995; Fedigan and Rose, 1995; Jolly ...
Camouflage through colour change - Philosophical Transactions of
... Unlike species known to rapidly change appearance (e.g. certain cephalopods and fish), most animals cannot change immediately but probably over hours, days and weeks [6,11]. This means that if coloration is to effectively provide camouflage in heterogeneous environments, individuals should also beha ...
... Unlike species known to rapidly change appearance (e.g. certain cephalopods and fish), most animals cannot change immediately but probably over hours, days and weeks [6,11]. This means that if coloration is to effectively provide camouflage in heterogeneous environments, individuals should also beha ...
Spatial Ecology of Wolverines in Scandinavia
... to be addressed in realising a sustainable management of large carnivores will be minimising the existing conflicts with human activities in the natural environment. Conservation and management of the wolverine can only become successful when sufficient emphasis is put on understanding the effects o ...
... to be addressed in realising a sustainable management of large carnivores will be minimising the existing conflicts with human activities in the natural environment. Conservation and management of the wolverine can only become successful when sufficient emphasis is put on understanding the effects o ...
Alien predators and amphibian declines: review of two decades of
... Case, 1986). In these studies, amphibians are then scored as being present or absent and in some cases actual densities of amphibians are estimated. Studies of this type are even more useful if museum records or historical field notes indicate that amphibians were once present in habitats where they ...
... Case, 1986). In these studies, amphibians are then scored as being present or absent and in some cases actual densities of amphibians are estimated. Studies of this type are even more useful if museum records or historical field notes indicate that amphibians were once present in habitats where they ...
EVALUATION OF ECOLOGICAL RISK TO POPULATIONS OF A
... and Arnett 2000, Louda et al. 2003a). Since 1993, population density of Platte thistle in demography plots has declined over 80% (Louda and Arnett 2000, Louda et al. 2003a). Demography plot data and integral projection model methods (Easterling et al. 2000, Rees and Rose 2002) demonstrate that the d ...
... and Arnett 2000, Louda et al. 2003a). Since 1993, population density of Platte thistle in demography plots has declined over 80% (Louda and Arnett 2000, Louda et al. 2003a). Demography plot data and integral projection model methods (Easterling et al. 2000, Rees and Rose 2002) demonstrate that the d ...
Extremal axioms: logical, mathematical and cognitive aspects
... logician and a mathematicians may take different points of view, they may prefer different values in their formal work. There is an opinion shared by many mathematicians (explicitly mentioned e.g. by Barwise, cf. Barwise, Feferman 1985) that if a logical system used in a given mathematical domain is ...
... logician and a mathematicians may take different points of view, they may prefer different values in their formal work. There is an opinion shared by many mathematicians (explicitly mentioned e.g. by Barwise, cf. Barwise, Feferman 1985) that if a logical system used in a given mathematical domain is ...
Plant-mediated interactions in herbivorous insects: mechanisms
... plants (Conn 1979), the hydrolysis of glucosinolates to form thiocyanates in crucifers (Chew 1988), and the conversion of phenolic glycosides to more active feeding deterrents such as salicin in poplars (Clausen et al. 1989). In the “activated” class of allelochemicals are proteinase inhibitors and ...
... plants (Conn 1979), the hydrolysis of glucosinolates to form thiocyanates in crucifers (Chew 1988), and the conversion of phenolic glycosides to more active feeding deterrents such as salicin in poplars (Clausen et al. 1989). In the “activated” class of allelochemicals are proteinase inhibitors and ...
Roman et al. 2014
... Gutierrez 2007), influencing material fluxes and species prey populations, with effects propagating through food diversity and causing physical changes to the ocean envi- webs and biogeochemical cycles, such as the transport of ronment (Table 1). These functions will become increas- nitrogen (N) and ...
... Gutierrez 2007), influencing material fluxes and species prey populations, with effects propagating through food diversity and causing physical changes to the ocean envi- webs and biogeochemical cycles, such as the transport of ronment (Table 1). These functions will become increas- nitrogen (N) and ...
Wetlands 2 Student - Shuswap Watershed Project
... Marshes are the most productive wetlands supporting a wide variety of plants and animals. Typical marshes are characterized by an outer ring of emergent vegetation encircling an area of deeper, open water (usually 2.0 metres deep or less) that supports a community of submergent and floating-leaved v ...
... Marshes are the most productive wetlands supporting a wide variety of plants and animals. Typical marshes are characterized by an outer ring of emergent vegetation encircling an area of deeper, open water (usually 2.0 metres deep or less) that supports a community of submergent and floating-leaved v ...
Biodiversity Conservation, Ecosystem Functioning, and Economic
... Abstract: World chocolate demand is expected to more than double by 2050. Decisions about how to meet this challenge will have profound effects on tropical rainforests and wild species in cocoa-producing countries. Cocoa, “the chocolate tree,” is traditionally produced under a diverse and dense cano ...
... Abstract: World chocolate demand is expected to more than double by 2050. Decisions about how to meet this challenge will have profound effects on tropical rainforests and wild species in cocoa-producing countries. Cocoa, “the chocolate tree,” is traditionally produced under a diverse and dense cano ...
Larval ecology of an ascidian tropical population in a Mediterranean
... ABSTRACT: The larval ecology of a population of the tropical tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata was studied in a semi-enclosed lagoon on the island of Formentera (Mediterranean Sea). Due to the lagoon's isolation and processes of extinction/regeneration of the population, research was carried out to e ...
... ABSTRACT: The larval ecology of a population of the tropical tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata was studied in a semi-enclosed lagoon on the island of Formentera (Mediterranean Sea). Due to the lagoon's isolation and processes of extinction/regeneration of the population, research was carried out to e ...
Plant responses to livestock grazing frequency in an Australian
... livestock grazing regime (minimal, infrequent and frequent). We also examined whether species with similar responses to grazing share certain traits and consider whether these traits might provide a useful method of assessing grazing impact. At the scale measured (0.25 m2), an infrequent grazing reg ...
... livestock grazing regime (minimal, infrequent and frequent). We also examined whether species with similar responses to grazing share certain traits and consider whether these traits might provide a useful method of assessing grazing impact. At the scale measured (0.25 m2), an infrequent grazing reg ...
DYNAMICS OF DRUPELLA CORNUS POPULATIONS ON KENYAN
... communication). Consequently, from existing studies and data, D. cornus has been a very successful snail during the last 3 decades and, although originally widespread (Abbott and Dance 1986), outbreak population may be spreading or arising at similar times throughout the central and western Indo-Pac ...
... communication). Consequently, from existing studies and data, D. cornus has been a very successful snail during the last 3 decades and, although originally widespread (Abbott and Dance 1986), outbreak population may be spreading or arising at similar times throughout the central and western Indo-Pac ...
Alternative Landscape Futures: Understanding Alternate Landscape Design Options for Planning more Sustainable Regions
... change in those systems. Anticipatory assessments with a long time horizon, such as Alternative Landscape Futures (ALF) analysis, are designed to inform stakeholders and government decisions on the impacts of different options for future land and other resource allocations (Steinitz et al., 2003; Hu ...
... change in those systems. Anticipatory assessments with a long time horizon, such as Alternative Landscape Futures (ALF) analysis, are designed to inform stakeholders and government decisions on the impacts of different options for future land and other resource allocations (Steinitz et al., 2003; Hu ...
Biodiversity in a Changing World
... Threats to Biodiversity The threats facing Ontario’s plant and animal species are constantly increasing. However, there are five main threats that are impacting all species across Ontario, pollution, habitat loss, invasive species, unsustainable use and climate change. Pollution of the natural ecos ...
... Threats to Biodiversity The threats facing Ontario’s plant and animal species are constantly increasing. However, there are five main threats that are impacting all species across Ontario, pollution, habitat loss, invasive species, unsustainable use and climate change. Pollution of the natural ecos ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.